The ECB's focus will be on the *duration* of policy support
more than on the *intensity* of asset purchases. The ECB could extend PEPP & TLTROs for even longer, although the consensus will have moved closer to our view by now. (2/n)
In order to extend the PEPP to June 2022, the ECB will need to increase its size by €450-850bn, so they could also surprise with a larger number (>€600bn).
We expect flexibility on both sides: the envelope might not be used in full, but they'll be ready to do more. (3/n)
What about the APP as the €120bn Temporary Envelope expires? We think the APP will be increased at a later stage, most likely after the conclusion of the strategy review, along with a transfer of flexibility from the PEPP to the APP. (4/n)
What about other asset classes? Concerns over corporate vulnerabilities and a premature withdrawal of government support suggest the inclusion of corporate fallen angels in the PEPP is possible. Adding bank debt would be a huge surprise, still unlikely for now. (5/n)
What about TLTROs? The ECB should extend the discount period of -1% rate to June 2022 at a minimum. They could also cut the minimum rate by 25bp, increase maturities, boost allowances, and/or include mortgages in the eligible loan book. (6/n)
No deposit rate cut, so what about the EUR? The FX pain threshold is state-dependent, and the EUR has been rising for good reasons.
This could be a tricky one for @Lagarde not to sound too hawkish, and another reason to push for larger QE boost. (7/n)
A higher tiering multiplier at last? The cost of NIRP has exceeded €15bn on an annual basis, but net of tiering and TLTROs the ECB has engineered a net *transfer* of more than €5bn to banks. A higher tiering multiplier is possible (8-10x) but not a pressing issue (8/8).
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ECB QE data is out!
Bulk of PEPP still in public debt securities (93% of the €700bn so far).
A chartstorm 👇
Before we dig into monthly QE across countries and markets, last week's PEPP purchases were the largest in almost 6 months (€21.3bn).
Could be catch-up, could be that the ECB wanted to send a signal ahead of this week's meeting, but more likely front-loading before Xmas break.
ECB QE monthly data: stabilising ahead of Christmas break.
Average monthly PEPP was €66bn in Oct-Nov, of which €70bn per month in public debt (as CP holdings declined by €8bn).
A few charts from the @ecb Financial Stability Review.
1. Total net funding of euro area households, firms and sovereigns, including various EU support schemes ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/fsr/ec…
2. Bank loans to euro area corporates: more than 7% are affected by state guarantees, and 14% by moratoria.
3. Banks' Net Interest Income contracting due to margin compression. Overall profitability markedly lower due to loan loss provisioning too (though lower than predicted).
The rapid deterioration in macro/financial conditions will put a great deal of pressure on the ECB on Thursday.
How can they hint at an increase in asset purchases without saying it? What else could @Lagarde say or do? (1/n)
Even before the second virus wave hit, there was little doubt that the ECB would need to ease again by year-end, based on the PEPP's dual function, Philip Lane's “two-stage approach” and Fabio Panetta’s “asymmetric reaction”. (2/n)
The ECB will likely postpone a decision to December based on the updated/extented staff projections, aiming at a broader consensus. But now that downside risks are materialising, @Lagarde needs to do more than just “send a signal” to markets on Thursday. (3/n)
A few more charts on the euro area credit cycle.
September saw the first contraction in new bank loans to non-financial corporations in a year, but this came after the largest boom ever fueled by emergency measures and state guarantees.
Plotted along with the ECB's BLS, there's a lot of noise due to public guarantees for sure but the positive trend doesn't appear to be challenged yet. Expected demand for credit over the next 3 months actually improved slightly in Q3.
In terms of country breakdown, the slowdown in bank lending appears to be relatively broad-based post Covid surge, although Italy continues to look surprisingly resilient.
The pandemic is distorting euro area inflation data, but today's final HICP report provides another brutal reality check for the ECB - a thread with charts.
To add insult to injury, core inflation was revised even lower in September, from 0.24% to 0.22% YoY, its lowest level ever.
The main exogeneous drivers of the decline in core inflation are well-known (German VAT; summer sales in FR/IT) but excluding these, the trend continued to deteriorate. Every single metrics of underlying consumer prices declined in September, with no exception.
A few highlights from this excellent interview with ECB Chief economist Philip Lane, who's essentially previewing the ECB's next decision. (1/n) ecb.europa.eu/press/inter/da…
Number of mentions in Lane's interview:
"uncertainty": 11 times
"fiscal": 16 times
That's all you need to know about the ECB's outlook right now. (2/n)
Lane says (about 7 times) that the ECB will be more data dependent than usual going into the next meetings. "We’re going to get a lot of information [about the fiscal plans, the pandemic, growth/inflation, FX, oil prices]".
By December, the ECB should have made a decision. (3/n)