21st Army Group had arguably the most enviable engineering services in the world, able to throw up bridges in under a day, construct massive hospitals, water points, fuel depots, pipelines, bypasses (frankly mini-motorways), airfields, command complexes... an exhaustive list. /2
One of their finest pieces of kit was the humble bulldozer, with a mix of D-4s, D-6s and D-7s (and probably more besides).
Need a dug in field hospital? Send a bulldozer in to clear 6 ft of earth and done in a few hours. /3
Also bloody useful, as one might expect, for heavy recovery - especially when things bogged down or proper ARVs found themselves busy elsewhere. /4
Abnormal load?
No problem. /5
In particularly hot sections of the line, roads were often cluttered with destroyed vehicles and traffic jams soon built up - endangering yet more lives.
It fell to the bulldozers to be sent in, shunt the wreckage off the road and keep things moving.
Tiresome, dangerous work./6
Many roads suffered extensively & collapsed from overuse by much too heavy vehicles, pre-registered fire and generous application of airpower, again bulldozers were in constant action filling craters, and helping speed the movement of essential supplies and troops. /7
Towns with crossroads were a particular ballache.
Key communication centres that could be blocked for weeks, in some cases the Germans struggled to reopen these routes for months.
Send in bulldozers?
Job done. /8
Sherman Crabs could clear tank tracks through minefields, but it was often up to bulldozers shuffling through afterwards to properly open up the route for non-tracked vehicles. /9
When Sherman Dozers weren't available to smash through roadblocks or wreckage, armoured D-7 Dozers helped lead the way.
These hulking pieces of kit granted Allied divisions a real edge: not mirrored by any German asset in Normandy. /10
The biggest moment for D-7s came during spearheading 11th Armoured Division's charge smashing eastwards through the Falaise Gap.
No other vehicle could so easily take small arms fire etc & clear obstacles for other AFVs etc.
Ralph Rayner with his D-7. /11
Find trashed kit?
Into the fucking ditch.
Open up core line of communication.
Column moves on. /12
I mean in many ways bulldozers are not sexy.
Yeah, many would say heavy plant is dull.
But bulldozers were an essential piece of kit that allowed 21st Army Group to keep things moving.
People go on about Tigers, but... had Army Group B had a few bulldozers, well... /thread
Perhaps food for thought when considering heavy tanks that you may require recovery vehicles, or things to make roads for them to move on.
Capability gaps and capability gulfs.
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So in Normandy, the British have Regiments of Sherman, Cromwell, and Churchill tanks.*
And like where does the DINKY LIL' STUART FIT IN????
Well...
It's a doozy. /1
*Well Canadians jus' get Armd Regts of Shermans but that's for another day... #WW2#SWW#History
By May 1944 the Stuart was increasingly anachronistic.
The 37mm gun was too light to really do much against modern armour, the tank's profile was surprisingly high and not massively dissimilar to a Sherman - but utterly lacking in comparative firepower and protection. /2
The Stuart was really a relic of a time when a quick, cheap, reliable, modular AFV was urgently needed using proven, readily available commercial parts.
The race for armament, firepower and mobility had left the tank rather behind. /3
After Dunkirk, Britain's Home Forces were gripped by oh so many crises.
I mean seriously, the entire shebang was a complete and utter basket case.
It was clear that mobility was needed but many formations relied on requisitioned civilian transport, which tended to be rotten. /2
Some of our div cavalry regiments were still horsed, and there was no guarantees that we could reliably move battalions from town to town - let alone redeploy across the country in the event of an invasion.
Once more, necessity proved the mother of invention.
*gen horse pic* /3
How did this piece of open topped herp-a-derp become the coolest piece of kit in infantry battalions scrapping through the liberation of North West Europe?*
The Universal Carrier came about in 1940 as a desire to streamline production processes & merge the Bren Gun and Scout Carriers' roles into a single AFV.
The former's name stuck and gained popular traction.
Bren Carrier (below) for Infantry Battalions' Carrier Platoons. /2
The Scout Carrier was intended to operate alongside Vickers Mk VI Light Tanks for Divisional Reconnaissance Regiments etc.
Various traits of both vehicles, bar the obvious Horstmann suspension, that carried over into the Universal Carrier are quite evident. /3
At 38 tons the Churchill was clearly a beast but a manageable one, given concerns about railway loading gauge had informed development (even then you still had to remove the side air louvres for rail tpt).
As always, compromise & industrial limitations underpinned design. /2
Early Mk I and Mk II were respectively armed with a 2 Pounder with coaxial Besa in the turret but with differing hull armament, I - 3" howitzer, II - Besa machine gun.
88.9mm of front armour provided excellent protection for the five man crew, and WS No. 19 provided comms. /3
So you're a company commander in Normandy, trying to coordinate your three platoons in action, & liase w supporting tanks & some arty, & keep battalion headquarters appraised, & adapt as needed.
The core set at Company HQ was the WS No. 18 set, linking in with WS No. 38 sets used by platoons & back to Battalion HQ.
0.25 Watts
6-9Mhz 2.5 miles range with R/T and 4 miles with W/T
Interference in woodlands/around armour /2
The 18 set was more durable than the WS No. 38, but much less powerful than the popular WS No. 19 and 22 sets... then again you can carry it about and not worry about a vehicle or cart for it in action. /3