cutaneous #nocardia can present with superficial infection or mycetoma
#nocardia ubiquitous in soil, can establish superficial infection after trivial inoculation injuries, insect/animal bite, puncture wound, contaminated abrasions
#nocardia
N brasiliensis: most common cause of progressive cutaneous and lymphocutaneous (sporotrichoid) dz whereas
N asteroides more commonly causes self-limited infection
#nocardia primary cuteanous dx usually in immunocompetent hosts. Initial response to nocardia is pyogenic, self-limited lesion may be treated as staphy/strep however nocardial dz is more indolent
-More advanced disease leads to mycetoma w/sinus tract
#nocardia mycetoma chronic progressive destructive dz occuring days-months after inoculation, typically distal limbs
#idboardreview 30 F adopted a stray cat, likes to eat seared chicken sashimi presents w/ fever & RUQ pain, +eosinophilia. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmedEd#idtwitter
#Toxocariasis in humans is caused by infection with larvae of Toxocara spp., which are common ascarid roundworms of mammals. Confirmed zoonotic species include dog roundworm T. canis & cat roundworm T. cati
#idboardreview 30 M from Thailand 🇹🇭 new dx HIV CD4 5 presents w/ fever, sore throat, dry cough, generalized umbilicated skin lesions x2wks. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmedEd#IDtwitter
#Talaromyces marneffei cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected & other immunosuppressed patients who live in or are from endemic areas especially Southeast Asia. Amphotericin B or Itraconazole should be initiated as soon as possible for patients with talaromycosis
Mortality ranges 8-40%. Common clinical manifestations include fever, weight loss, anemia, weakness, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly #talaromycosis
#idboardreview 12 prisoners from Mississippi jail present with varying symptoms of acute b/l cranial neuropathies and descending weakness after drinking 'hooch'. Diagnosis? #medEd#idmedEd
honey, potatoes, apples & tomato paste from a bulging can were combined, hidden, fermented in sealed plastic bag at room temperature for 3–5 days. Possible sources of Clostridium botulinum or toxin include tomato paste, potatoes, contamination from the environment.
#IdBoardReview 65 M presents w/ severe pain in leg for few hours, progressed to rapid swelling/bullae and +gas on X-ray. hx of bright blood per rectum for few months. diagnosis? #idmedEd#medEd
#Clostridium septicum spontaneous non-traumatic gas gangrene associated with malignancy likely colorectal CA in this case
Spontaneous traumatic gas gangrene is most commonly due to Clostridium perfingens & sometimes other clostridia sp. Non-traumatic spontaneous gas gangrene: most commonly due to C septicum: 80% malignancy related, most common CA are colon f/b hematologic