From June 1940 to August 1944, @Paris lived under Nazi occupation. But what happened to cinemas? A thread. 1/8
The foreign occupying forces requisitioned three films theatres, that were reserved exclusively for the recreation of their own troops: @legrandrex, the Marignan and the now defunct Parisiana. 2/8
Both Rex and Marignan were of recent construction (1932/1933), huge (3,300/1,700 seats) and owned by Jewish, foreign-born entrepreneurs: Jack Haïk and Bernard Natan respectively. The former was forced into exile, the latter was deported to Auschwitz, where he died in 1942. 3/8
… Le Mans, @Rouen and, indeed, throughout occupied countries (here, Antwerp and Brussels in Belgium). 5/8
In September 1940, foreign-controlled Continental Films became the sole authorised film production company in Nazi-occupied France. It was headed by Alfred Greven, who was both a cinéphile and a Francophile. 6/8
Greven is credited for allowing French filmmakers relative creative freedom and in little more than three years, Continental produced a number of films that were later to be regarded as classics. 7/8
Soldatenkinos and Continental Films came to an end when things started to deteriorate for the occupiers. Public screenings resumed at @legrandrex as soon as October 1944 while Marignan again served as an army theatre, but this time for Allied troops. 8/8
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🇵🇰🥃🇮🇳 Both Pakistani and Indian companies market a locally manufactured #brandy called “Doctor(’s)”. 1/6
But if you look at the Pakistani brandy’s label, made by Murree Brewery, you’ll notice that it’s supposedly produced “under arrangement with Dr Gourgand & Co, 16100 France”. This caught my attention. 2/6
16100 is the postcode for the city of #Cognac, which gave its name to one of the world’s best-known types of brandy. 3/6
The film is in both #हिंदी and #English, so let’s mention these two first:
🙏🏼 HI,EN>EN Sheela Sijin Matthews
🙏🏼 HI,EN>HI शालिनी शुक्ला Shalini Shukla 3/10
आज पता चला कि फ़्राँस में #मिर्ज़ाग़ालिब के नाम से वाइन बनती है। 🍇✍🏼🍷
मैं और बज़्म-ए-मय से यूँ तिश्ना-काम आऊँ
गर मैं ने की थी तौबा साक़ी को क्या हुआ था @Rekhta
This letter by Ghalib suggests that French wines, including champagne, were available back then. 🍷🤪🍾
👉🏼 books.google.fr/books?id=9mtpZ…
But this other letter shows that he preferred Indian wines. 🤨 (Ghalib jokingly called himself half-Muslim because he would drink wine but not touch pork!)
👉🏼 books.google.fr/books?id=6b89D…
This thread 👇🏼 explains why I am not convinced by the translation. There is a huge difference between a bigha and a hectare, and 2 ha would not make you a poor farmer. 2/5
In 1896, self-made entrepreneur Charles Pathé (1863–1957) created a film factory in @VincennesVille near Paris. @fondation_pathe 1/4
It seems that Dadasaheb Phalke received some training there (in 1912?). 2/4
Another connection between Phalke and France: he had his epiphany (and his inspiration for religious films) when he saw la Vie du Christ (1906) by French director Alice Guy (1873–1968) in Bombay. 3/4