How many times must a patient with hepatic encephalopathy poop?

Turns out...we don’t know

In this genius study by @doctornikkid, there was no diff in cognitive function between those with 2-3 💩or less

linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S… #livertwitter #cirrhosis
What this tells me:

1️⃣lets not torture our patients with more Lactulose if they don’t need
2️⃣cog function *as we measure it* does not matter but QOL, functioning/PROs, risk of overt HE do - let’s study them
3️⃣develop stool/blood/PRO biomarkers of Lactulose response
And.... I forgot to tag @JasmohanBajaj, senior author, who consistently fosters revolutions in how we think about and manage hepatic encephalopathy

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More from @ebtapper

18 May
Here is some unsolicited #TipsForNewDocs advice on the job search

#medtwitter #livertwitter #GITwitter
1/
2/
Wrong: You'll have "all the resources you need"
What are these? Stats, research cores, coordinator pools...
These are...people!
You cant promise a person!

Right: Meet X, 25% of their effort will be directed towards your work if you gel. Or here is $$$ to hire Y.
3/
Wrong: we expect you to do research, quality, etc
Right: we will support your research for X years

The week is 10 1/2 day sessions. Anything not clinical needs protection. 7 sessions is 30% protected. I was protected 3 years by the dept
Then I needed a grant for protection
Read 10 tweets
20 Apr
1/

WHY is there a BABOON in my room?

A #tweetorial about the outcomes of hepatic coma, how far we have come, and how wild things got along the way
#livertwitter
2/

Up first: the lingo

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) presents as a spectrum with subtle cognitive/motor deficits at one end (AKA "Covert HE") and coma at the other

HE/Coma can be caused by #cirrhosis (Type C, more common) and acute liver failure (Type A)
3/

What used to (1950s/60s) happen to patients with coma due to hepatic encephalopathy ("HE coma")?

1⃣Gabuzda said everyone died
2⃣Sherlock said it was 68% mortality, Stormont 63%
3⃣Prytz said it was 80% mortality at 6-months
Read 22 tweets
31 Mar
1/

WHAT the heck is GGT?

#tweetorial #livertwitter #medtwitter
2/

GGT = gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

It’s an enzyme that transfers amino acids to proteins. It's found anywhere things need transferring (liver cells, bile ducts, kidneys, heart....)

No big deal, right?

Wrong!
3/

It did not take long to figure out that while lots of conditions raised the GGT, liver disease and biliary obstruction were the best at making high GGT
Read 13 tweets
28 Mar
1/

HOW long do you live with #cirrhosis?
WHERE did MELD Score come from?
WHAT is a "TIPS"?
ARE you ready for re-#tweetorial

#livertwitter #medtwitter #meded
2/

Imagine you are a patient with variceal bleed in 1940

🚫EGDs
🚫Banding
🚫hope

Then came portosystemic shunt surgery. A treatment!

The catch?

Lots of people still died after surgery
3/

What do we want to know so we can select the patients who will benefit from shunt surgery?

Options
🤔Liver function?
🤔Do they look & feel well?
🎉Why not both!?

Wantz & Payne developed an A-B-C score using
1⃣Albumin
2⃣Bili
3⃣Encephalopathy
4⃣Ascites
5⃣Muscle wasting
Read 14 tweets
16 Mar
1/

WHY does #cirrhosis cause palmar erythema?
HOW is estrogen involved?
WHO is ready for a #tweetorial?

Let's talk hormones, the liver, the impact of imbalanced testosterone/estrogen, & the history of spironolactone
#livertwitter #medtwitter #MedEd
2/

Palmar erythema is:
1⃣Common (3 in 4 with #cirrhosis)
2⃣variably distributed on palm surface
3⃣caused by dilated capillaries

In 1942, Perrera showed the dilated vessels were not present on autopsy. A circulating factor must cause it.

What could it be?
3/

Enter William Bean.
He knew that:
1⃣Palmar erythema happens in🤰
2⃣A 1940 paper showed that estrogen causes capillary dilation (in🐇🐇)

So, of course, he...
injected estrogen into men w/#cirrhosis & controls without.
Those w/#cirrhosis developed palmar erythema.
Read 16 tweets
4 Feb
I would like to thank everyone for their kind texts and tweets and thank the @AmerGastroAssn for the Young Investigator award.

It is a dream. As I cannot wait for @DDWMeeting, I would like to call out my appreciation for a few people and say a couple of things
First, I have mentors to thank. Dr Michelle Lai who gave me my start and launched me. @SenguptaNeil who taught me everything I know. And the reason I moved my family from Boston to a suburb of Detroit known away from good food, Dr Lok, the greatest mentor I will ever know
Second, I have advice. Find a place where you are surrounded by greatness and absorb it. It has been the great fortune of my life to work alongside and learn from people like JMellinger, @AkbarWaljee, and above all @NDP1001
Read 5 tweets

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