korpi Profile picture
16 Aug, 24 tweets, 8 min read
Being a liquidity provider for tokens that shoot up in price is a pain. You want to respect the pump but you can't because you are getting rekt by "impermanent" loss. Just look at this LP for $AXS-ETH. Rekt.

It doesn't have to be this way. Check out how! 🧵👇 https://revert.finance/#/account/0x37b2199f06ce7c100bb2a4c45
1)
Have you been there?

You buy a token that you think will rally like $AXS or $MATIC. You have conviction and patience to hodl. To earn some "passive income" while waiting, you deposit this token to AMM. The pump finally comes and you realize you got rekt by impermanent loss...
2)
The above story describes the experience of many novice liquidity providers (LPs). The promise of easy "passive income" in the form of liquidity mining (LM) rewards or AMM trading fees encouraged LPs to match their token with ETH or a stablecoin and deposit them into an AMM.
3)
They either were completely unaware of impermanent loss (IL) or thought it wasn't a big deal:
- "It's impermanent."
- "It's only a 6% loss when my token outperforms the other token from the pair by 2x while I earn double digit APR."
- "It's usually very low."

OK. Let's see.
4)
I hope you noticed that the statements in the above tweet are NOT incorrect. If not, let's get familiar with my full thread on IL:



IL can be impermanent (equal to 0) or very low but it only happens if you somehow fail as a good investor.
5)
A good investor outperforms the market. If your token doesn't outperform a benchmark (ETH), it's not a great investment. Why waste time on research and accept extra risk that a project fails or gets exploited if holding ETH can bear comparable or better results?
6)
If a token outperforms ETH, it means that LPing with that token will incur IL. IL is positively correlated with the divergence between the prices of tokens in a pool. The bigger the winner (vs ETH) you picked, the more IL you experience.


$AXS: https://amm.vav.me/
7)
No IL means your token performed the same as the other token in the pool. It's not a bad scenario though. You may not have picked a winner but you have earned trading fees on your holdings. Whether they compensate for the risk taken is a very subjective matter.

$AAVE:
8)
There is a third scenario too. It's picking a loser - a token that underperformed ETH. In this case, not only did you underperform a market but also, due to IL, ended with less money than you'd have by just holding your loser and ETH (unless LM rewards offset IL).

$BONDLY:
9)
There are 3 scenarios for LPs:
1. LPing with a winner = big IL
2. LPing with a mediocre = low IL
3. LPing with a loser = big IL

Of course, LPs don't know how their token (TKN) will perform. But let's assume we know the future. What would be the best strategies then?
10)
1. TKN is a winner - buy & hold (long)
2. TKN is a mediocre - buy & LP / borrow & LP
3. TKN is a loser - borrow & sell (short)

Conclusion: if you expect your token to be a winner, don't provide liquidity to an AMM. It's usually better to just hold. Unless… https://analytics.sushi.com/pairs/0x0c365789dbbb94a29f8720dc
11)
Unless there is an AMM which protects you from IL and allows you to have full exposure to a single token only.

There is. It's @Bancor.

When you deposit TKN into Bancor, you are NOT exposed to both assets in the pool like in other AMMs. You still hold a long position on TKN.
12)
If TKN moons, you don't lose due to IL. Bancor has invented and implemented a novel mechanism to distribute the risk of IL across a wide array of pools in order to completely eliminate this risk for LPs. Think of Bancor as an insurance company.
13)
IL-protection is a killer feature for token holders seeking yield. Let's use $AXS as an example:
- Left graph: IL-exposed pool on Sushiswap
- Right graph: IL-protected pool on Bancor

In 109 days LPs on Sushiswap lost 25% vs holding (🟩) while LPs on Bancor earned 2.2% (🟨).
14)
2.2% in 109 days is 7.5% APR. It may not look impressive at first glance but it's real, risk-minimized passive income on your holdings. High APRs in IL-exposed pools are often very misleading and can disguise negative net APR when IL is accounted for.
15)
I also strongly believe that APRs on Bancor have a huge potential to grow. Revenues for LPs come from trading fees, so the higher Volume to Liquidity ratio (V/L), the higher the APRs. Liquidity is already very deep on many pairs but volume is still not as high as it could be.
16)
Take $FARM as an example. Bancor has substantially deeper liquidity than Uniswap v2 and should capture the great majority of the total volume due to better rates. Yet many buyers still go to Uniswap and unconsciously accept worse prices.
17)
If all $FARM trades were done on aggregators like 1inch, Bancor would be an unquestionable leader in terms of volume. The fact that Uniswap still has higher V/L than Bancor is an example of market inefficiency probably caused by brand awareness.
18)
I believe that the market won't stay inefficient for a long period. Because Bancor offers a superior product for passive LPs, more and more DeFi users discover the benefits of the protocol. But to enjoy higher passive yield, Bancor also needs DEX traders to become more aware.
19)
If you are an LP on Bancor, it's in your own interest to spread the news about the protocol to build stronger brand awareness and attract more traders. Tell other DeFi users to compare rates between DEXes or use aggregators for their own good. Bancor will benefit too.
20)
Do you know aggregators or wallets that don't have direct integration of Bancor swaps? Contact @Bancor and let them work on that. Direct integrations are essential since aggregators sometimes route trades to private market maker pools at worse rates.
21)
If every DEX user on Ethereum made optimal decisions today, Bancor would have much higher volume. DEX traders would benefit from better rates and Bancor would generate higher passive yields for LPs. It's a net positive change and a step towards market efficiency.
22)
The combination of single-asset exposure and IL protection turns Bancor pools into interest-bearing accounts for token holders. It's the best product for LPs now but it will be even better when traders start making optimal decisions. And it's not all!
23)
Bancor core contributors have indicated Bancor V3 will offer novel trading features aimed at attracting more volume and fees for LPs. Not many details have been released yet but judging by the level of innovation introduced in V2.1 I suppose V3 may be pure fire...

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More from @korpi87

2 Sep
"EIP-1559 sucks. After it was implemented gas prices skyrocketed!"

This take is propagated a lot and I think this is far from true. Correlation is not causation. I suppose gas prices would be much higher now if we didn't have EIP-1559. How does EIP-1559 save you $ETH? 🧵👇
1)
Before EIP-1559 when you submitted a transaction on Ethereum, you had to set up a single gas price. If it was high enough, your transaction was included in a block and you paid exactly what you agreed to pay. In many cases you might have substantially overpaid though. Why?
2)
Imagine you need to execute a transaction immediately. You check gas prices on gasnow.org and you see a rapid transaction is at 100 GWEI. But this is just an estimation and may suddenly increase. To secure inclusion in the first block you decide to use 200 GWEI.
Read 20 tweets
2 Aug
EIP-1559 is scheduled to go live this week and I still see a lot of wrong takes on its impact. Remember:

- It doesn't make $ETH deflationary by default.
- It doesn't reduce $ETH supply by 90%, referred as "triple halving".
- It's still very bullish for $ETH.

Why? 🧵👇
1)
EIP-1559 is one of the most important upgrades in Ethereum's history. Its purpose is to improve user experience on #ETH by changing how transaction fees are estimated and how the network reacts to surges in usage.
2)
It doesn't lower gas fees in the long run because it's not a scalability improvement. However, it may help users not overpay for transactions due to a better fee estimation process. It also smooths out gas prices between blocks thanks to variable block sizes. https://thedailygwei.substack.com/p/this-is-eip-1559-the-dai
Read 9 tweets
30 Jul
Wow. I wasn't aware of this but it seems I might have contributed to the crypto history by writing the first comprehensive thread on $OHM and @OlympusDAO long before it became trendy :)
Although I covered it in early March before the project launched, the mechanics of staking and bonding are still up to date and the thread is, imo, a pretty good explanatory read on $OHM and @OlympusDAO:
I should probably collect clout on such a tremendous foresight I had with $OHM but the truth is I was lucky to learn about the project early thanks to @Fiskantes.
Read 7 tweets
28 Jul
There is a common misconception that due to concentrated liquidity on Uni v3 liquidity providers (LPs) earn substantially more trading fees. This is what the original v3 announcement suggests but it's not exactly how it works. Let's find out why! 🧵👇
$UNI
TL;DR:
- Concentrated liquidity on Uni v3 increases capital efficiency but not necessarily Fees APR for LPs.
- Fees APR is dependent on the competition between LPs.
- LPs are incentivized to provide liquidity on narrow price ranges which amplifies their risk of impermanent loss.
1) To begin with, a short reminder where the fees for LPs come from.

When traders swap on AMMs they pay a trading fee which is dependent on AMM/pool:
- Uniswap v2: 0.3%
- Sushiswap: 0.3%
- Uniswap v3: 0.05%, 0.3% or 1%
- Bancor: from 0.1% to 1%
Read 28 tweets
1 Jul
Dear users of @zapper_fi,
I hope you are fully aware of the misleading and often unrealistic "ROI" in the "Opportunities" section for Liquidity Pools.
I hope you realise you can still underperform simple "hodling" even with "ROI" of 100%+.

If not, let me explain to you why. 🧵👇
TL;DR:
- "ROI" on @zapper_fi is based on the fees from the last 24hrs & ignores IL which makes it an unreliable approximation of future returns.
- Toolkit from @ApyVision is a must for LPs in IL-exposed pools.
- IL-protected pools from @Bancor are the best place for passive LPs.
1) Before I start, I want to make it clear that this is not a rant on @zapper_fi. It's a great tool and I use it a lot. But I think the Team could do a much better job when it comes to informing users about certain risks which can result in financial loss.
Read 27 tweets
28 Jun
Do long-term liquidity providers (LPs) to AMMs earn passive income? What is their ROI when the impact of impermanent loss (IL) is included?

I compared LPing on Uniswap and Bancor to check if IL-protection from Bancor is a useful feature for LPs.

See 🧵for more alpha!

$UNI $BNT
TL;DR:

- LPs on Uniswap often end up with less money than they would have by “hodling”, while LPs on Bancor always outperform a buy-and-hold strategy when full IL protection is achieved.
- IL protection is a killer feature for passive income generation.

korpi.medium.com/understand-ban…
1) LPing involves investors lending their idle assets to an AMM in anticipation of passive returns from trading fees. Although trading fees do generate a revenue stream for LPs, it’s not always guaranteed passive income. It would be, were it not for the infamous impermanent loss.
Read 26 tweets

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