Officials said that "it's clear" that protection from mRNA COVID vaccines decreases over time, and that the US will recommend boosters for all, 8 months after primary vaccination
Let’s look at the evidence for boosters for ALL
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2/ In a NY Health Dept study of 10 million NY residents VE against hospitalization remained >90% in May to July 21 when delta comprised 80% of infections cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7…
3/ mRNA vaccines remain effective at preventing hospitalizations at 24 weeks after vaccination
4/ In nursing home residents, after two doses of mRNA vaccines
⁃75% VE March-May 21.
⁃67% In May-June
⁃53% in June-July
Cases identified through weekly screening, no info on hospitalizations
5/ These are the 3 pieces of data that was stated as the basis for recommending boosters for all. There does appear to be a reduction in efficacy in preventing infections, but is this enough to make such a sweeping recommendation?
6/ So far most studies indicate the vaccine efficacy against hospitalization and death is preserved.
There is some data that immunocompromised and nursing home residents may benefit from boosters. But it is not "very clear" that everyone needs a booster at this time.
7/ Maybe there will be data in the future that supports this strategy, but we are no where near being clear on this.
We need to be concerned about the effect of this strategy on global vaccine supply, and resultant loss of life.
8/ In addition, boosters may not work if a new vaccine resistant variant emerges elsewhere in the world due to large number of unvaccinated susceptible hosts.
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2/ This study was done between Feb - May 2021. No deaths were seen in 8958 vaccinated healthcare workers. One death in 1609 unvaccinated healthcare workers.
3/ Protection began even after first dose. Single dose provided 95% protection from ICU admission. However, note that we don't know what proportion of cases @OffCMCVellore were due to B.1.617.2 (delta variant) or B.1.617.1 variant or wild type.
COVID associated Mucor is increasingly being reported in India.
Spores of fungi are common in the environment. Infection occurs when circumstances are right.
Immunosuppression and uncontrolled diabetes are main culprits
2/ Spores of mucor are breathed in and cause infection
Risk factors
- Prolonged/high dose steroids suppress the immune system and elevate blood sugars, which further increase risk
- uncontrolled diabetes
- Widespread antibiotics may contribute via overgrowth of fungi
3/ Two main forms of post Covid mucor: rhinocerebral and pulmonary.
In one case series:
- 95% of pts had diabetes, mean HbA1C was 10.5
- Onset at median of 22 days after onset of Covid symptoms
Vaccine hesitancy: My responses to the main concerns.
1) Vaccines were developed too fast.
Although developed at warp speed, none of the essential steps were skipped. The huge number of cases made accrual to trials much faster
2. Vaccines are not effective
In large trials, vaccines were 80-95% effective at preventing infection. They are even more effective at preventing hospitalization and death
Yes. They are not perfect, but are highly effective. Real world data confirms data from clinical trials.
3. Vaccines are not safe:
There is a small risk of severe allergic reactions (1 in 1 million for mRNA vaccines). There is a small risk of severe blood clots with J& J (1 in 500,000). Other side-effects are mild. Risk of serious side effects is small compared to risk from COVID
I am getting calls from friends/ family in India about COVID. From neurosurgeons to urologists, doctors are being roped in to handle the crisis.
1/ Having managed pts with COVID for the last year & having the luxury of time, here are my thoughts for those new to this battle.
2/ Diagnosed COVID? What next ?
Check oxygen sats.
If sats > 90%, reassure
-Paracetamol as needed for fever
-Inhaled steroids (budesonide)
-Continue to follow sats
-No need for hospitalization
-No need for chest CT
3/ if O2 Sats < 90%
-Supplemental oxygen
-Dexamethasone 6 mg/day or equivalent steroid (prednisone 40 mg, methylprednisolone 30 mg; hydrocortisone 150 mg
Steroid preparation/route does not make a difference
-Prone positioning ( sleeping on stomach)