Just a friendly reminder. Despite what you might hear, there has yet to be a variant that isn’t susceptible to the vaccines.
Why are variants unlikely to FULLY evade vaccine-induced immunity?
•Vaccines are polyclonal
•CD8+ T-cells covering 52 epitopes across the spike protein
•CD4+ T-cells covering 23 epitopes across the spike protein
You can learn about epitopes here: news-medical.net/life-sciences/…
Regarding the concerns about waning immunity. Please remember, this is likely referring to infection. Not effectiveness against symptomatic infection, not effectiveness against severe illness. See: bmj.com/content/374/bm…
While neutralizing antibodies decrease over time (as they ARE supposed to) protective immunity provided by memory B-cells and T-cells is STILL present. See science.org/doi/10.1126/sc… and my breakdown on this study here:
The term infection refers to the virus entering and being detectable in your system regardless of whether OR NOT it makes you sick, whereas the term illness refers to the virus entering, being detectable in your system AND making you sick. It it important not to conflate the two.
The first thing to know about the COVID-19 vaccines is that they’re doing exactly what they were designed and authorized to do. Since the vaccines first started their rollout late last year, rates of COVID-19 disease have taken an unprecedented plunge among the immunized.
The second thing to know about the COVID-19 vaccines is that they’re flame retardants, not impenetrable firewalls, when it comes to the coronavirus. Some vaccinated people are still getting infected, and a small subset of these individuals is still getting sick
-and this is completely expected. Read here: theatlantic.com/science/archiv…
Your Vaccinated Immune System Is Ready for Breakthroughs. Read here: theatlantic.com/science/archiv… and theatlantic.com/science/archiv…
One last article I want to add to this thread. Six Important Things to Know About “Breakthrough Infections”: smithsonianmag.com/science-nature…

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More from @sailorrooscout

15 Oct
Just HOW effective are the COVID-19 vaccines at protecting you from severe illness and hospitalization even in the face of Delta?

BEFORE Delta variant increase: 95% effective

DURING Delta variant increase: 92% effective

Answer: VERY EFFECTIVE

Let’s discuss. 🧵
Real-world data out of King County, WA (which includes Seattle) confirms vaccinated individuals are significantly better protected from illness, hospitalization, AND death due to COVID-19 compared to unvaccinated individuals, even as the Delta variant surges through the state.
Over the PAST 30 days, unvaccinated individuals were:
•9X more likely to test positive for COVID-19 (65% of cases)
•48X more likely to be hospitalized for COVID-19 (77% of hospitalizations)
•69X more likely to die of COVID-19 related illness (74% of deaths)
Read 14 tweets
14 Oct
This is what we have been waiting for! A study out of NIH shows heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccinations of Moderna, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson induce strong humoral immune responses (up to a 76X increase in nAbs) with acceptable reactogenicity profiles. Let’s discuss. 🧵
This particular study involved 458 participants. They were divided into nine groups with roughly around 50 participants in each group. Those who initially got Moderna’s vaccine got either another dose of Moderna, a dose of Pfizer, or a dose of Johnson & Johnson as a booster four
to six months after their primary immunization. Those who got Pfizer’s vaccine got either another dose of Pfizer or a dose of Moderna or a J&J booster. And those who received one dose of J&J initially either got another dose of J&J or a Moderna or Pfizer booster dose.
Read 14 tweets
13 Oct
After 548 days of restrictions to limit the spread of COVID-19, Denmark's high vaccination rate has enabled the country to become one of the first European Union nations to lift ALL domestic health measures. More than 85% of the eligible Danish population is fully vaccinated. 🧵
The return to normality has been gradual, but as of October 8th, the digital pass- proof of having been vaccinated- is no longer required when entering nightclubs, making it the LAST virus safeguard to fall. The Danish government NO LONGER considers COVID-19
a socially critical disease. “Denmark is lifting the restrictions because the vaccine rollout has been very successful," said Jens Lundgren, Professor of Viral Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital. “As a consequence, we have the pandemic under control in this country and can
Read 14 tweets
12 Oct
An analysis of ~250,000 in Canada found two doses of any of the three COVID-19 vaccines (Moderna, Pfizer, AstraZeneca) led to strong protection from infection, hospitalization, AND death -even against Delta- REGARDLESS of the vaccination combination and showed NO signs of waning.
Preliminary data from researchers at the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) and the Quebec National Institute of Public Health (INSPQ) shows the decision to vaccinate more Canadians sooner by delaying second shots by up to four months saved lives.
The researchers excluded long-term care residents from the data, who are generally at increased risk of hospitalization and death from COVID-19, in order to get a better sense of vaccine effectiveness in the general population. Needless to say the results were exceptional.
Read 14 tweets
10 Oct
Yes, the vaccines ARE effective against the Delta variant. Yes, you will want both doses for maximum protection. Yes, they’re effective against preventing symptomatic infection, severe disease, AND hospitalization. Several studies have proven this now. Stop the misinformation.
Also, yes, this does include Johnson & Johnson. Why are variants unlikely to FULLY evade vaccine-induced immunity?
•Vaccines are polyclonal (Abs)
•CD8+ T-cells covering 52 epitopes across the spike protein
•CD4+ T-cells covering 23 epitopes across the spike protein
Read 5 tweets
8 Oct
“Breakthrough” infections DO NOT mean vaccines don’t work. Remember, they are preventives, NOT cures. One can still contract COVID once vaccinated. As long as that vaccine is preventing you from facing severe disease and worse, it IS working and doing what it was designed to do.
Regarding the concerns about waning immunity. Please remember, this is likely referring to infection. NOT effectiveness against symptomatic infection, NOT effectiveness against severe illness. While neutralizing antibodies decrease over time (as they ARE supposed to) protective
immunity provided by memory B-cells and T-cells is STILL present. Remember: Immunological memory consists of antibodies, memory B-cells, memory CD8+ T-cells, and memory CD4+ T-cells. These responses give us enduring protection even against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Read 14 tweets

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