This article on the topic of pseudoarchaeology explains why I do my own homegrown science communication for the public

Good archaeologists are quoted here, but too much airtime is given to pseudoarchaeologists

A thread about who built the pyramids
/1


inputmag.com/culture/altern…
There is no scholarly debate over who built the pyramids, nor is there a reason for scholars to debate YouTubers over who built them

The pyramids are splendid monuments. I know because I've seen them and climbed in them

But, there's no real mystery in their technology
/2
The innovation we think of as pyramids was a slow progression over generations

Nearly 5000 years ago in early Egypt, the 1st and 2nd dynasty erected funeral monuments at Abydos that were massive square enclosures made of mudbricks.

Over centuries, these get bigger & bigger
/3
As a student, I excavated in & helped map the largest: the Shuneh at Abydos

It's no Great Pyramid, but it's impressive for its size (137x77m with 5m thick walls that stand 12m high) and the engineering and labor taken to create this monument

It's the predecessor to pyramids
/4
The Shuneh was built for last ruler of 2nd dynasty: Khasekhemwy

The monument for first pharoah of 3rd dynasty, Djoser, is our very first pyramid at Saqqara designed by Imhotep

It's made of stone. And it's stepped: build square structure, build smaller one on top. Repeat
/5
The engineers for Pharoah Sneferu, first ruler of 4th dynasty, built the first smooth pyramid

But, it took three tries!

The 1st at Meidum collapsed. We have its core

The 2nd at Dahshur is so wonky it's nicknamed "The Bent Pyramid"

The 3rd "The Red Pyramid" was a success
/6
The Great Pyramid builds off the innovations in masonry, engineering, quarrying & transportation developed over generations

The evidence is really clear. You can read about it. The pictures are clear

There's no room for debate
/7
But it doesn't even end here

Archaeologists have excavated the village and the tombs of the engineers and laborers who built the pyramids

They tell us how they built them. We know how they lived and what they ate
/8
So, when some pseudoarchaeologists or alternative historian, or even a well meaning journalist says they've spent "a lot of time thinking" or that they "think for themselves" about these topics

The reality is that they're imagining stuff rather than researching and "thinking"
/9
They trust that their audience hasn't done the research either

They harness deep seated prejudices, biases, and racisms when claiming indigenous peoples couldn't have built something monumental

But in the end, they're just trying to make a quick buck
/10
We know how granite was quarried in straight lines. We know how stone was hauled. We know how technology progressed

We know so much about our human past. And our ancestors all over the world were much more intelligent than these grifters
/11
We also know the grift works. More people are believing in pseudoarchaeology

We need to keep fighting. Fill the internet with real archaeology

I heard recently that my tweets pop up in Google searches. I hope a few people find this pyramid thread instead of a crap YouTube video
And if pyramids are all you know about the archaeology of Africa, then maybe give this thread below a read

Respectfully, Jimmy, I refuse to reply to you directly and draw more attention to your online presence

Clearly this "surreal" experience of being featured will grow your influence in the pseudo community

But below I provide several links to requested videos for anyone reading
And, a quick note: unlike pseudoarchaeologists, I don't consider Bronze Age technology to be "primitive"

As noted above, ancient people were pretty darn smart. It's why I enjoy studying them and sharing my knowledge of them with people
Video #1 is by @DrDavidMiano and presents the visible archaeological evidence we have in the form of saw marks, drill marks, and polishing for how ancient Egyptians cut stone

Video #2 is by Scientists against Myths and is a clear demonstration of how to saw granite using bronze age tech

Video #3 is by Discovery UK and shows quarrying and shaping of a large block from minute 7 on
This conversation of @SoilManDan with one of these pseudos is fascinating

It's amazing the breadth of falsehoods these people believe: Egyptians didn't have drills, hieroglyphs appeared out of nothing, their boats were too flimsy to carry stone

All wrong
And some thoughts from @Cult_Archaeo on the article that spurred this thread

She is one of a few scholars who is actively researching the spread of pseudoarchaeological misinformation and its relationship to other forms of conspiracy thinking

I wasn't going to add these insults to this thread, but I think it's important to document the nastiness, racism, and eugenics that exists in the pseudoarchaeology/alternative history community

Ancient aliens seems like fun & games, but scratch deeper...

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More from @FlintDibble

29 Nov 21
Contrary to what all the epidemiologists are telling you, we actually know a lot about #Omicron

A short thread filled with Classical facts
Omicron is the 15th letter in the Greek alphabet

It literally means ὂ μικρόν or "small o" to distinguish it from the last letter in the Greek alphabet: Ω omega (the big O)

Remember that when making your O face
The ancient Greeks had a confusing number system. Letters were numbers. So alpha was one, beta was two, gamma was three, delta was four

Omicron was 70. What!
Read 6 tweets
17 Sep 21
Hi old and new followers!

I’m an archaeologist who writes Twitter threads. They’re a window into the past looking at ancient people & a behind-the-scenes tour of 21st century #archaeology

Here’s an intro to my new project: #ZOOCRETE
/1 cc @CUHistArchRel @Cardiffuni @MSCActions
We’re all familiar with the popular picture of ancient Greece, from the Mask of Agamemnon to the Parthenon in Athens

But, to me, the most exciting revolution sweeping archaeology is a shift to ordinary people. With new questions & methods, we can see them in higher resolution
/2
I reveal ancient people through their trash: the fragmented bones of the animals they’ve eaten

These bones show how people interacted with the natural environment and tell us about the sacrificial feasts that brought together whole communities
/3

eidolon.pub/in-defense-of-…
Read 33 tweets
4 Sep 21
Pseudoarchaeology and fake history causes real harm in our society

Many people think, what’s the harm of hunting for a lost city? It’s entertainment, right! It even exposes children to real science

CW: The harm leads directly to racism and eugenics
1/18
The host of #HuntingAtlantis (@stelpavlou), and unfortunately his wife, have claimed that their TV show inspires children to be curious about real facts, real scientific methods, and real archaeology

This might be true in some cases, but there are problems with this argument
/2
The show misrepresents researchers. Repeatedly, archaeologists on #HuntingAtlantis present fascinating, new finds

Then, it cuts to the hosts who explain how these finds support their Atlantis theories

The experts have no recourse to reply to this fantastical jump in logic
/3
Read 25 tweets
2 Sep 21
I have apparently pissed off some powerful people with my tweets about Atlantis

For a bit my account was locked. i have done nothing offensive. This TV show has misrepresented archaeologists and scholars. If some lawyer asks me, I can prove it

Bring it on, report my account
i'm not sure why someone's wife decided to write a 20 tweet thread about me, with the first tweet about my who my dad was

I am an archaeologist. I am a good archaeologist

Atlantis is just not real
if you really want to make a documentary about Atlantis, and cant even ask your experts about their opinions about Atlantis

then you are misleading them
Read 21 tweets
31 May 21
The fact @PeterSinger thinks the takeaway point of The Golden Ass by Apuleius is about "animal rights" is more proof that he's a eugenicist

Lets take a journey back to 2nd c CE Roman Greece in this brief thread about one of the earliest novels ever written (now w/ alt-text)
/1
The Golden Ass is a fun read filled with sex, drugs, magic, violence, and lots of (often sexist) comedy

Lucius is a young man interested in women and magic

He falls for a woman enslaved to a witch. They eat magic herbs, make love, and he is accidentally turned into a donkey
/2 An illuminated manuscript i...
They thought the spell would turn him into a bird. Too bad, Lucius, you're an ass! Like the braying kind...

The only cure is to eat some fresh roses

So, Photis, his lover puts him in the stable for the night. The plan is for her to go find some roses the next morning
/3 Attic kantharos with a mold...
Read 22 tweets
15 May 21
This #archaeology thread gives a behind-the-scenes look at the new @discovery show “Hunting Atlantis” hosted by @stelpavlou & @jessphoenix2018

I present findings based on years of interdisciplinary research into the archaeological and historical context around Atlantis
/1
The secrets presented in this thread will anger a large swath of people

They’ve already begun trolling me and other scholars in my cabal after we first spoke up about #Atlantis

BUT I WILL NOT BE SILENCED

the truth will prevail
/2
We all know the story of Atlantis. It’s been popularized, retold, and adapted in movies, on TV, and in comic books

But the true history is still shocking. It’s tinged by violence and hatred and is part of our own 21st century phenomenon of rampant conspiracy theories
/3
Read 78 tweets

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