Dr. Alexander Wong Profile picture
Feb 11 21 tweets 13 min read
Great @SaskHealth Town Hall last PM re: #COVID19 in Saskatchewan. Key points:

- Community MAY have peaked w/ Omicron.
- Non-ICU/ICU numbers STILL rising
- #SK non-ICU system capacity MAXED OUT.
- Relaxed public health measures in #SK = LONGER & MORE SEVERE Omicron wave

🧵 /1
Let's start w/ cases, non-ICU & ICU COVID patients, & deaths.

CASES (blue line) are falling. This may be artificial to degree given limited PCR testing in #SK.

HOSPITALIZED (non-ICU) patients (light green 'shade') are at HIGHEST LEVELS of pandemic, now exceeding Delta. /2
ICU patients (dark green 'shade') are rising but nowhere near levels seen w/ Delta when #SK had to fly patients to Ontario.

DEATHS (red line) are rising gradually with Omicron but remain considerably lower than #SK's Delta peak. /3
Here is the COVID-19 non-ICU census for the province presented as 7-day rolling average.

The overall numbers (green) are clearly rising. Saskatoon (orange) and Regina (yellow) are peaking but not coming down as yet.

Northern (light blue) and Rural (purple) are rising still. /4
Currently, 74 persons are occupying ICU beds in #SK.

A little over 40% are currently (+) for COVID-19. We expect these numbers to rise in the coming days as hospitalizations continue to push higher, causing ICU strain once again like w/ Delta. /5
Point of emphasis:

COVID non-ICU cases at HIGHEST levels ever across Saskatchewan.

As result, non-ICU system capacity is MAXED OUT.

So YES, @SKGov declared an end to public health measures amidst worst non-ICU system pressures thus far in pandemic across province.

Sad. /6
In a positive sign, #SK's 7-day rolling average of PCR test positivity IS declining. Slowly.

This is a more reliable indicator of where #SK is at with Omicron compared to case numbers in light of restricted PCR testing.

Test positivity peaked ~Jan 30-31, per graphic below. /7
If #SK has peaked in community end of January, we'd expect hospital & ICU admissions to peak b/w Feb 14-21, and come down thereafter, if similar to other jurisdictions.

Caveat: very relaxed / non-existent public health measures in #SK MAY cause more prolonged peak. /8
How about BA.2, which has taken over as dominant strain in some parts of world? BA.2 = 30-40% MORE transmissible vs original Omicron.

We don't know what BA.2 will do in Canada. Will it cause second peak? If so, in face of relaxed measures in #SK, could be problematic. /9
A reminder slide on what is classified as 'priority groups' for publicly-funded PCR testing in #SK:

- Hospitalized pts
- Public Health outbreaks
- Symptomatic HCWs / essential workers w/ (-) RAT
- Symptomatic in Indigenous communities
- Symptomatic w/ high-risk conditions

/10
#SK remains second-last in 1st & 2nd dose vaccine uptake in Canada, only behind Alberta.

3rd dose uptake in those 18+ & eligible is better in #SK, the province is "middle of pack".

Still LOTS of work with regards to #SK's provincial vaccine push. /11
For #SK tweens/teens b/w 12-17, 3rd doses are NOW available.

Pfizer preferentially offered over Moderna (decreased risk of myocarditis), Moderna available on request.

Must be >5 months from 2nd dose. If your teens are eligible, please GO! /12
The Critical Care Resource Allocation Framework (CCRAF) was developed in Spring 2020 amidst COVID.

Goal = save most lives possible.

During Delta, criteria MET to escalate triage stage, but MAJOR barriers occurred including "reluctance to triage", operationalization. /13
This confirms the following:

When #SK was at Delta peak & transferring #SK ICU pts to Ontario, there was CCRAF formal request to escalate triage stage.

For political reasons, this didn't "officially" occur.

Result? Bedside triage, deaths, HUGE moral distress for #SK HCWs. /14
An update on early therapies in #SK.

To date? 156 persons rec'd sotrovimab, 26 rec'd Paxlovid.

Given number needed to treat of 16 (sotrovimab) & 17 (Paxlovid) to prevent 1 hospitalization, that's ~12 hospitalizations prevented so far.

Modest impact. Can do better, IMO. /15
Summary points:

- Community transmission appears to have peaked in urban settings, rural settings unclear.
- Hospitalizations / ICU admissions still rising. Expect trend to continue in coming days.
- Impact of early therapies has been modest.

/16
Everything is where we expected them to be with modelling, except KEY difference = we have not seen anywhere near HORRIBLE numbers predicted by modelling thus far (i.e. 750-1500 in hospital).

Case peak end of Jan means hospitals/ICUs should hopefully turn around 'soon'. /17
Unknowns?

Given #SK's relaxed protection measures & revocation of ALL of measures by March 1, what impact will this have?

Will Omicron drop quickly, will BA.2 cause a resurgence?

Regardless, dropping ALL protections WAS early by any medical or public health metric. /18
I don't think anyone is debating this point any longer, but for the record, the decisions announced earlier this week to remove all public health measures WAS motivated by political ideology, NOT public health guidance or a desire to save lives & minimize suffering. /19
Sorry, short rant.

The lack of meaningful #COVID19 data @SKGov is, IMO, shameful.

If you're going to give us a weekly update, AT LEAST give us better than yesterday's garbage.

LOOK at Town Hall data. Use same approach.

Inform your citizenry to make good decisions.

/20
Take-home?

- STILL lots of community transmission. Take care, be careful.
- #SK hospital capacity is MAXED OUT.
- Don't expect #SK hospitals to turn around for 7-10 days.
- Removing public health measures WILL prolong #SK's painful Omicron wave.

Stay safe #SK.

/end

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More from @awong37

Feb 1
Yesterday, Premier Moe said #COVID19 cases in Saskatchewan are more frequent in the vaccinated vs. those who aren't.

THUS, vaccines DON'T prevent infection with or transmission of Omicron.

The Premier's conclusions are INCORRECT. But why?

It's complicated. Here we go.

🧵 /1
The Premier's incorrect conclusion stems from a simplistic interpretation of the data. 'Base rate fallacy' is one problem, but there are MANY other factors at play.

We explained 'base rate fallacy' with cases & vax status back in August. See below. /2

For 'base rate fallacy' & #COVID19 & hospitalizations, this is the diagram EVERYONE uses (thx @MarcRummy).

MANY more people are fully vaccinated now, so even though a small proportion of them go to hospital, the absolute numbers are the same as those unvaccinated. See below. /3
Read 25 tweets
Jan 30
"Hi Alex. I have #COVID19 infection. Should I try to get Paxlovid? What is it? Will it help me?"

Short answer: YES, you should.

BUT, there's LOT of things to know about it, and your eligibility for it will depend on where you live + many other things, too.

Explainer 🧵. /1
Paxlovid's generic name is nermatrelvir/ritonavir. It's a combination of 3 pills taken twice daily for 5 days.

Nermatrelvir is a "protease inhibitor". It works by blocking an enzyme ("protease") that the virus needs to manufacture new copies of itself. /2
In this situation, Ritonavir acts as what we call a "booster drug".

It inactivates an enzyme in our bodies called CYP3A4 that plays an important role in metabolizing and removing many medications from our bodies.

This allows nermatrelvir to exist longer in our bodies. /3
Read 15 tweets
Jan 29
Earlier today, @PremierScottMoe posted a letter. In it, he stated:

- Being vaccinated DOES NOT prevent one from contracting #COVID19
- Vaccines are NOT reducing transmission of #COVID19

Both statements are FALSE & should be corrected ASAP for the record. Thank you.

🧵 (/1) ImageImage
Many studies show 3 doses of mRNA vaccine (Pfizer or Moderna) provides 60-70% protection (vaccine effectiveness, VE) vs Omicron infection.

If you don't get infected, then you don't transmit the virus. Simple.

So being vaccinated, esp. w/ 3 doses, makes a HUGE difference. (/2)
Here is a recent pre-print from Moderna showing ~68% VE against Omicron infection with 3 doses of vaccine.

Also, VE to prevent hospitalization w/ Omicron following 3 doses was >99%. That's HUGE. (/3)

medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Read 13 tweets
Jan 21
On January 18, @PremierScottMoe posted a graphic comparing "real-time" QC / ON / MB hospitalizations / ICU admissions vs. SK.

Problem: SK is ~3 weeks behind those provinces w/ our Omicron surge.

We MUST be careful interpreting this data. We're NOT OK, Saskatchewan.

🧵👇 (1/n)
A more reasonable and appropriate comparison would be to look at where MB/QC/ON were at ~3 weeks from Jan 18 to create a more fair "apples vs apples" graphic.

For those 3 provinces, that would take us to about Dec 28. Let's see what the data shows us. (2/n)
We have #QC data from Dec 28 & Jan 18 in the graphics below courtesy @sante_qc:

Dec 28: 804 in hospital (including ICU), 128 in ICU
Jan 18: 3425 in hospital (including ICU), 285 in ICU

(3/n)
Read 11 tweets
Jan 21
"Hi Alex, I have 2 doses of vaccine & JUST recovered from COVID. I'm eligible for a 3rd dose. When should I get it?"

Great Q. You assuredly had Omicron, so while you're eligible to get your booster 'right away', I'd personally wait at least 6-8 weeks. Why?

Short 🧵 👇 (1/n)
First, getting a 3rd dose even AFTER you've recovered from Omicron makes sense. You're further bolstering your immune response from whatever the 'next' variant will be. *Big sigh.*

Better for your immune system to be ready for whatever this pandemic throws at it next. (2/n)
Second, DON'T get a booster dose when you're symptomatic.

You're putting persons at risk of exposure to Omicron, and your immune response to vaccine WON'T be as good as when you've fully recovered and your immune system has had a chance to calm down. (3/n)
Read 7 tweets
Jan 20
OK. #SK COVID-19 mega-thread.

NEW #SK Omicron models (via @DennisKendel) Jan 19:

- Measures implemented to SIGNIFICANTLY reduce social mixing, MAYBE we avoid disaster/triage in #SK hospitals.

- Do NOTHING, #SK hospitals crushed, triage ensues.

Get comfy - here we go.

(1/25)
Let's begin with history.

@SKGov was provided w/ models from WORLD-CLASS #SK modeler Dr. Nate Osgood in late August 2021 that predicted EXACTLY how #SK ICUs would be overwhelmed w/ Delta in Fall 2021.

Nothing was done. Everything left wide open.

(2/n)

thestarphoenix.com/news/local-new…
Also August 2021, consensus letter sent by #SK MHOs (led by @CoryNeudorf) to @SKGov recommends NUMEROUS measures to stem Delta:

Universal indoor masks, proof of vaccine, gathering/capacity limits, increased contact tracing capacity.

Nothing.

(3/25)

Read 25 tweets

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