#IranTalks: Let's not underestimate significance of @rafaelmgrossi Tehran trip. Let's assume it succeeds, which is definitely an assumption. But if so, it removes probably the toughest of the three remaining issues on the table. Then we can imagine a quick pathway to deal.
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At that point, we have 2 issues essentially. Economic guarantee push from Iran & sanctions scope push. Econ guarantees was worked on for weeks. Iran knows not going to get much more than pretty words. Maybe it gets a few more pretty words. But won't change US legal reality -2-
On the other hand, we know Iran wants unconditional FTO removal from IRGC & I suspect a few other key demands on sanctions. There's a potential (STRESS POTENTIAL) trade-off here. Back off on economic guarantees, US gives a bit more on sanctions. -3-
For the US side, they already know they're going to get hammered for the sanctions removal lists, especially for people/entities on terror list. They're already being hammered for it. Always been likely there would be a final trade-off involving key sanctions to seal a deal -4-
By the time @rafaelmgrossi comes back from Tehran with a safeguards deal, the pieces are in place and text being finalized for a deal that people want sorted effectively by tomorrow. Opens way for a deal before Board. Now a big caveat... -5-
This sounds lovely on paper. But we're dealing with reality. Dealing with exhausted diplomats, political pressure in capitals, the Ukraine backdrop and highly sensitive final decisions. Assuming this would be plain-sailing would be foolish. But there's a clear possible pathway-6-
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Managed to check in with several sources tonight. This is where I think we stand on #IranTalks and some key points...
1 -- Diplos genuinely don't know which way this is going, Most still think this could come together but confidence levels on this are low. The differences that were there on Monday when Bagheri-Kani returned are still there -- safeguards, sanctions scope, economic guarantees.
2 -- Ukraine/Russia has landed in talks in several ways. A: Russia team more tentative about clearing ideas without checking. B, it hardens the idea that diplomatic window to land this deal is short. C/ Optics of sitting down with Russia on this getting more complicated in DC.
IAEA @rafaelmgrossi - not ducking issue. “We are meeting today to discuss the nuclear safety, security and safeguards implications of the conflict in Ukraine as a result of the Russian Federation’s military operation that began on 24 February.”
“The situation in Ukraine is unprecedented and I continue to be gravely concerned. It is the first time a military conflict is happening amidst the facilities of a large, established nuclear power programme,” -2-
“I have called for restraint from all measures or actions that could jeopardize the security of nuclear and other radioactive material...because any such incident could have severe consequences, aggravating human suffering and causing environmental harm.” -3-
So I understand Swift de-listing package was ready, with its 7 banks & the Belarus sanctions package also. But both on hold because Poland wants more in both, I'm told. So the media sanctions are set to be approved at 2100 CET. But another meeting needed for Swift, Belarus today.
Coreper meeting again at 1900 to come back to this.
Polish source notes that @MorawieckiM said this evening that Polish governments wants all Russian banks delisted from Swift.
Let me translate that. France not willing to force the @iaeaorg to terminate prematurely a probe into undeclared radioactive material found in Several locations in Iran which Tehran has spent three years failing to answer questions about it. Iran threatens to kill JCPOA over it.
And let me remind you that Iran has repeatedly, repeatedly pledged to cooperate with the agency on this probe that they're now trying to shut down.
"The IAEA Director General will also visit Tehran in the near future to hold high level consultations with the Government...of Iran with the aim of enhancing cooperation between Iran & the IAEA... & discussing current issues of mutual interest." iaea.org/newscenter/pre… -3-
On the EU, yes there are different requests from different member states for safeguards. Yes, this will need to be negotiated, sorted out. Yes, the EU will probably carry on importing energy from Russia and there will no doubt be other exemptions. But...-1-
if you think they won't agree a broad package, along the lines of what the Commission/EEAS proposes, agreed in principle tonight and hammered out over next days, then I'd suggest you haven't been watching how the EU has moved this week. -2-
And never lose sight of the fact that while Washington and Europe have worked closely together, the US has massive leverage to force Europe's hands over sanctions. Iran is a reminder of that. European leaders finally learned that lesson after 2018.-3-
On Russia's #Ukraine nuclear work allegations, let's note this from @iaeaorg chief @rafaelmgrossi last June. IAEA not able to declare Ukraine's "broader conclusion" that its using nuclear energy for purely peaceful purposes for 1 reason: Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea etc-1-
"The integrity of the safeguards process is paramount, and in this context, let me state that efforts continue in order that the Agency be able, once again, to draw the broader conclusion for Ukraine. I want to make clear this issue arises from current circumstances" -2-
"preventing the Agency from verifying certain nuclear material and the Agency has no proliferation concerns," @rafaelmgrossi. iaea.org/iaea-director-… -3-