1,3 million people were deported to Auschwitz. Among some 400,000 people registered as prisoners, there were 131,000 women: 82,000 Jewish, 31,000 Polish, 11,000 Roma as well as Russian, Belorussian, German, French, Czech & Yugoslavian. #InternationalWomensDay #WomensHistoryMonth ImageImageImageImage
#Women became prisoners of the German Nazi concentration camp #Auschwitz in late March 1942. The first two transports - of German female prisoners transferred from the Ravensbrück camp & Slovak Jewish women deported from Poprad - arrived on 26 March. #InternationalWomensDay Image
From transports of Jews deported by the Germans for extermination to #Auschwitz SS doctors selected hundreds of thousands of #women & girls to be murdered in gas chambers immediately after arrival. Pregnant women & mothers with babies were murdered too. #InternationalWomensDay ImageImageImageImage
4 female Jewish prisoners of #Auschwitz smuggled explosives used during the #Sonderkommando revolt in October 1944: Ella Gartner, Róża Robota, Regina Safir and Estera Wajsblum. They were hanged on 6 January 1945. lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_10_sonder/ #InternationalWomensDay ImageImageImageImage
Janina Nowak was a Polish woman deported to #Auschwitz on 12 June 1942 & registered as number 7615. She was the first women who escaped from Auschwitz. She was arrested again, not recognized & imprisoned in the camp again. She survived. #InternationalWomensDay ImageImage
Jewish female prisoner Mala Zimetbaum (born in Poland, deported from occupied Belgium) & Polish prisoner Edward Galiński fell in #love. On 24 June 1944 they tried to escape from #Auschwitz. It ended tragicly for both of them. Read their story. #InternationalWomensDay ImageImageImage
The fate of #women at #Auschwitz was documented by artists-prisoners who risked their lives to create behind the wires. Mieczysław Kościelniak (camp no. 15261) in his two drawings showed camp existence & sorting of shoes of murdered people. #InternationalWomensDay ImageImage
Halina Ołomucka, camp no. 48652, created „The Bunker” in Auschwitz in 1944. The figure of the #mother with a #baby on her lap and another child clinging to her sleeve. Iconic image of human helplessness in the camp world. #InternationalWomensDay Image
The story of #Auschwitz is also the story of female-perpetrators. Around 200 women served in the SS camp garrison: as guards (some were very brutal towards female prisoners), radio operators, nurses or secretaries: lekcja.auschwitz.org/2021_nadzorczy… #InternationalWomensDay ImageImage

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More from @AuschwitzMuseum

Mar 6
6 March marks the European Day of the Righteous, established in 2012 by the European Parliament.

See this thread to learn stories of Righteous Among the Nations recognized by @yadvashem linked with the history of the German Nazi camp #Auschwitz.
#Auschwitz prisoner Jerzy Radwanek helped many Jews in the camp. jfr.org/rescuer-storie…
#Auschwitz survivors Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Władysław Bartoszewski were honoured for their work in "Żegota" - the Polish Council to Aid Jews en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBego…
Read 15 tweets
Mar 6
6 March 1939 | A Dutch Jewish boy, Willem Philip van Naarden, was born in Amsterdam.

In March 1944 he was deported to #Auschwitz and murdered in a gas chamber after selection.
Willem Philip van Naarden was a son of Levie and Elisabeth. In 1943 they decided to go into hiding. Willem was placed with a family of 7 children in Bennebroek.
At some point Betty wanted to check how her son was doing, and asked a family friend, who worked for an organization that helped Jews in hiding, about him. The brother of this person most probably denounced Willem. In mid-November 1943 Willem was arrested.
Read 5 tweets
Mar 5
5 March 1888 | A German Jew, Eugen Salomon, was born in Wörrstadt. His family moved to Mainz, where he became one of the founders and chairman of today’s football club @1FSVMainz05 at the age of only 17.
He was initially a successful textile manufacturer and later worked as a salesman. Throughout his life, he supported Mainz 05 together with a circle of companions through his work and with financial means.
In 1933, Eugen Salomon was forced to leave Mainz and emigrate to France. In 1942 he was deported from Drancy to Auschwitz, where he was murdered on 14 Nov. of that year. Until today Mainz 05 takes a great interest in Eugen Salomon‘s fate.
Read 4 tweets
Feb 28
🧵 28 February 1941 | The Reichsführung SS set the agenda for Heinrich Himmler's visit to Auschwitz concentration camp for Saturday, March 1.
1/6
Participants: Reichsführer SS, SS-Gruppenführer Wolff (Chief of Staff of the Reichsführer SS, appointed as liaison officer with IG Farbenindustrie), SS-Sturmbannführer Vogel and SS-Untersturmführer von Thermann.
2/6
Departure from Tempelhof Airport - 11:00 a.m. Arrival in Gliwice around 1:00 p.m. Lunch in Gliwice, departure by car around 2:00 p.m. Arrival to Oświęcim at approx. 16:00. Then inspection of Auschwitz concentration camp.
3/6
Read 6 tweets
Feb 26
26 February 1941 | SS-Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler ordered expulsion of Jews from the town of Oświęcim (Auschwitz). The vacated residences should be reserved for the Buna-Werke construction workers.

In the picture: expulsion of Jewish inhabitants from Oświęcim.
Himmler also ordered that Polish workers and construction workers who could be used as a workforce for the construction of the Buna-Werke should not be expelled from the Oświęcim area.
Listen to our podcast about the construction of the IG Farbenindustrie plant (Buna-Werke) and the third part of the Auschwitz camp complex built next to the construction site: anchor.fm/auschwitz-memo…
Read 4 tweets
Feb 23
23 February 1943 | SS guards transferred 39 prisoners (13 to 17 years old) from Auschwitz II-Birkenau to #Auschwitz I and placed them in Block 20, one of the infirmary buildings. In the evening of this day, they were all killed with phenol injections. 1/4
The injections were administered by SS-Unterscharführer Herbert Scherpe, the Second Medical Officer. Some of the boys arrived with their parents on December 13 and 16, 1942 and February 5, 1943, in transports of Poles expelled by Germans from the Zamość Region. 2/4
After the end of the war Herber Scherpe initially stayed in a POW camp, then lived in Mannheim. In 1961 he was arrested by the West German authorities. During the second Auschwitz trial, he was sentenced by the court in Frankfurt am Main to four and a half years in prison. 3/4
Read 4 tweets

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