Jozef & Wiktoria Ulma risked their lives to help Jews during the #Holocaust. On 24 March 1944 the German police discovered the Jews in hiding.
The Jewish family was shot, as was the entire Ulma family - parents & 6 children. Wiktoria was 7 months pregnant.
March 24 - the anniversary of the murder of the Ulma family - is today in Poland the National Day of Remembrance of Poles who saved Jews during German occupiation. See this thread to learn 11 stories of #Righteous linked with #Auschwitz.
Former #Auschwitz prisoners Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Władysław Bartoszewski were honoured for their work in "Żegota" - the Polish Council to Aid Jews en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBego…
Ludwig Wörl protected Jewish prisoners from maltreatment, gave them extra food and clothing and helped many escape the death marches. yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibiti…
Dr. Adélaïde Hautval was a prisoner in Auschwitz who treated fellow inmates and refused to assist in the medical experiments. yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibiti…
Lorenzo Perrone, a civilian worker in #Auschwitz, risked his life to help save Primo Levi by bringing him food daily for half a year. yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibiti…
Stanisława Grodzicka-Sierzputowska, using her position as a functional prisoner in the lavatory and later in the washroom, hid the Jewish women assigned for selection. Thanks to her help, Liba Feldman and Rywka Sztajn survived sprawiedliwi.org.pl/en/node/19111.
Jane Haining, a @churchscotland missionary in #Budapest became a prisoner of #Auschwitz. She received number 79467. She perished in the camp on 17 July 1944.
Haining is the only Scot recognized as a Righteous Among the Nations.
During the #Holocaust there were thousands of people who refused to be passive in the face of the evil by helping & rescuing Jews, often at risk to their own lives and the lives of their families. We #remember them to teach #responsibility for the world we live in today.
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22 March 1943 | The Zentralbauleitung of the #Auschwitz camp (Central Construction office) completed the construction of gas chamber and crematorium IV at Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp. The undressing rooms, gas chamber and crematorium were located on the ground level. 1/5
The gas chamber space was divided into three smaller rooms and had a total of 236.78 square meters. The exterior walls had holes with gas proof trapdoors for inserting Zyklon B. 2/5
The crematorium was equipped with one eight-oven furnace. According to the calculations made German manufacturer Topf & Soehne, 768 corpses could be burned in this crematorium every 24 hours. 3/5
12 March 1943 | A 14-year old Polish girl, Czesława Kwoka (camp no. 26947), was murdered in #Auschwitz with a phenol injection into the heart. She was deported by Germans from Zamość region as part of their plan of creating „living space” in the east. 1/4
According to the testimony of a survivor Wilhelm Brasse, who took the registration picture of Czesława Kwoka, just before it was taken, the girl was beaten by one of the guards. In the picture, you can see the cut in her lip.
Czesława Kwoka was born on 15 August 1928 in Wólka Złojecka, a village in the Zamość region. She arrived at #Auschwitz on 13 December 1942 in a transport of 318 women. Her mother Katarzyna was also deported. She received number 26949 & perished in the camp on 18 February 1943.
1,3 million people were deported to Auschwitz. Among some 400,000 people registered as prisoners, there were 131,000 women: 82,000 Jewish, 31,000 Polish, 11,000 Roma as well as Russian, Belorussian, German, French, Czech & Yugoslavian. #InternationalWomensDay#WomensHistoryMonth
#Women became prisoners of the German Nazi concentration camp #Auschwitz in late March 1942. The first two transports - of German female prisoners transferred from the Ravensbrück camp & Slovak Jewish women deported from Poprad - arrived on 26 March. #InternationalWomensDay
From transports of Jews deported by the Germans for extermination to #Auschwitz SS doctors selected hundreds of thousands of #women & girls to be murdered in gas chambers immediately after arrival. Pregnant women & mothers with babies were murdered too. #InternationalWomensDay
#Auschwitz survivors Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Władysław Bartoszewski were honoured for their work in "Żegota" - the Polish Council to Aid Jews en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBego…
6 March 1939 | A Dutch Jewish boy, Willem Philip van Naarden, was born in Amsterdam.
In March 1944 he was deported to #Auschwitz and murdered in a gas chamber after selection.
Willem Philip van Naarden was a son of Levie and Elisabeth. In 1943 they decided to go into hiding. Willem was placed with a family of 7 children in Bennebroek.
At some point Betty wanted to check how her son was doing, and asked a family friend, who worked for an organization that helped Jews in hiding, about him. The brother of this person most probably denounced Willem. In mid-November 1943 Willem was arrested.
5 March 1888 | A German Jew, Eugen Salomon, was born in Wörrstadt. His family moved to Mainz, where he became one of the founders and chairman of today’s football club @1FSVMainz05 at the age of only 17.
He was initially a successful textile manufacturer and later worked as a salesman. Throughout his life, he supported Mainz 05 together with a circle of companions through his work and with financial means.
In 1933, Eugen Salomon was forced to leave Mainz and emigrate to France. In 1942 he was deported from Drancy to Auschwitz, where he was murdered on 14 Nov. of that year. Until today Mainz 05 takes a great interest in Eugen Salomon‘s fate.