✳️ Welcome to #TenTweetNephJC, where we catch you up on the week's #NephJC chat in 10 tweets ✳️

The topic at hand was diuretic resistance, specifically compensatory post-diuretic sodium reabsorption (CPDSR). Let’s walk you through how it all flowed 💧
What did I miss?

We teach medical students that diuretic resistance occurs in large part due to CPDSR. While this has been validated in healthy individuals, does this hold true in patients w/ acute decomp heart failure (ADHF)?
Enter the study in question
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34529781/
1 tweet methods

✅Single center, prospective, observational study, with a randomized sub-cohort
✅Evaluating mechanisms of diuretic resistance in patients with ADHF on IV loops 💉
✅Supervised urine collection pre and post diuresis
✅Primary outcome = level of CPDSR
1 tweet results

🔹43 pts identified w/ diuretic resistance i.e. 6 hour natriuresis of <100mmol
🔹18 received 2.5x previous diuretic dose, 25 got loop diuretic + thiazide
🔹Both had ⬆️ natriuresis at 6h but at 18h neither had the decrease in natriuresis seen in healthy volunteers
A figure is worth a thousand words
Give me something clever to say

“CPDSR is not a major mechanism contributing to diuretic resistance in those admitted with decompensated heart failure. Nonetheless, you can overcome the resistance either by saturating the loop or targeting the DCT”
Chat consensus?

1⃣ Diuretic resistance is common, and an important entity to be aware of
2⃣ CPDSR is not responsible for this in hospitalized patients with heart failure
3⃣ Decongest early & often by seeking complete OR sequential nephron blockade
I want more info

✅ Summary by @PriRenalAKI and @ZacCerra
nephjc.com/news/2022/3/21…

✅ Summary of mechanisms of diuretic resistance by @HusamJZ

✅ VA by @sophia_kidney
Final thoughts

✳️ It is important to challenge prior ‘knowledge’, even when it makes physiologic sense!

➡️ Up next - Revisiting PLEX in ANCA vasculitis from a meta analytic lens. See you on April 5th and 6th!
bmj.com/content/376/bm…

🧵 by @michaelturk6

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More from @NephJC

Mar 13
This weeks #TenTweetNephJC makes us sad - does taking regular acetaminophen (paracetamol) cause hypertension?

Find out below in this rapid review of the Scottish trial, as we catch up on the #NephJC take on things 👇 Image
What did I miss?

Observational trials suggest that acetaminophen increases BP, but (unlike NSAIDs) the widespread impression remains of a safe first-line therapy for chronic pain. The largest previous RCT had n=33.

Then PATH-BP dropped last month….

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35130054/
1 Tweet Methods

✔️ Single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study

✔️ 4g/day acetaminophen (the standard UK dose) 🆚 placebo

✔️ 2 weeks active or placebo ➡️ 2 weeks washout ➡️ 2 weeks on opposite treatment

✔️ Primary outcome = change in 24 hour ambulatory BP
Read 10 tweets
Feb 28
✳️ #TenTweetNephJC ✳️

Did you see in the news that they’ve transplanted a pig kidney into a human and it (sort of) worked?

That was the #NephJC chat last week - for a rapid summary check out the thread👇 Image
What did I miss?

We need more kidneys to transplant, hence the University of Alabama is running xenotransplant research.

Porcine kidney transplantation into humans has been tried before, but this is the first study to report no hyperacute rejection.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35049121/
1 tweet methods

✅Family of a 57 y.o. man with brain death gave consent

✅Pig with 6 human genes knocked in & 4 pig genes knocked out

✅Negative crossmatch

✅Descendant underwent induction immunosuppression, bilateral native nephrectomy, & implantation of two porcine kidneys
Read 10 tweets
Feb 16
Welcome to #TenTweetNephJC

✳️ 10 tweets to catch-up on the most recent #NephJC ✳️

This week - when is the ideal time to start dialysis in progressive chronic kidney disease?

Later starts lower the burden on patients & use of healthcare resources, but what’s the trade-off?
What did I miss?

Previous observational studies analysing outcomes by eGFR at point of dialysis initiation suffered from immortal time bias, survivor bias, and lead time bias. This trial used clever new statistical methods to avoid these flaws!

bmj.com/content/375/bm…
1 tweet methods

✅ Observational cohort study from 🇸🇪

✅ 10,290 patients with CKD in Swedish registry

✅ Target trial emulation using “cloning, censoring & weighting” method used to avoid biases mentioned above
Read 10 tweets
Jan 29
Return of #TenTweetNephJC

✳️Rapid #NephJC catch-up✳️

Cochrane & KDIGO recommend children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) take low dose pred during upper resp tract infection (URTI) to ⬇️relapse risk, based on 4 small studies - does this hold up in a big RCT? Image
What did I miss?

We actually covered two studies this week in collaboration with @ipnajc but we can’t do both in #TenTweetNephJC! We’ll focus on the PREDNOS-2 trial.

jamanetwork.com/journals/jamap…
1 tweet methods

✅ 122 centres in UK

✅ Prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT

✅ Children aged 1-18, with 2 or more SSNS relapses in last year

✅ 6 days low dose pred, or placebo, at start of URTI

✅ Did they get proteinuria +++ or worse over next fortnight?
Read 10 tweets
Dec 29, 2021
as we come to the end of the year, let's do a quick recap of the year in review for #NephJC

We discussed 24 topics in 2021, including
14 RCTs
6 observational studies
3 guidelines
1 book club
nephjc.com/news/?category…
New this year was the #NephTrials initiative with @ISNkidneycare with 3 chats on
- Cluster RCTs
- Pragmatic RCTs
- Run in periods
More to come in 2022
nephjc.com/news/tag/nepht…
Read 12 tweets
Jun 3, 2019
Welcome to the @NSMCInternship #tweetorial for this week’s study on a new risk prediction tool for IgA nephropathy, appearing in @JAMAInternalMed. Check out these unhappy glomeruli with mesangial IgA deposits in green from pathologyoutlines.com (1/16)
Recent unsuccessful #RCT: STOP-IgA (immunosuppression+supportive care isn’t superior to supportive care alone) & TESTING (corticosteroids reduce risk of #ESRD but cause serious infections) were covered by @NephJC: nephjc.com/iga-nephropath…
and nephjc.com/news/2017/8/28… … (2/16)
Question for the #NephTwitter: What percentage of patients with IgA nephropathy develop #ESKD by 10 years? (3/16)
Read 16 tweets

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