In 2004, late anthropologist Mire Morwood discovered #fossils of a tiny species of hominin on Flores, an #Indonesian island.
Named Homo floresiensis & dating back to the late #Pleistocene, this was a contemporary of early modern humans in Southeast Asia.
📸: Peter Brown
The diminutive hominin bore a resemblance to the australopithecines and even chimps to some extent.
Considering the kind of attention that #LordOfTheRings garnered in the early 2000s, it was only natural that the fun-sized H. floresiensis be nicknamed after #TheHobbit.
#TheHobbit was 3'6 tall, had large feet & a brain 1/3rd the size of a regular human's, but still managed to make tools.
The general consensus seemed to be that this species went extinct some 12,000 years ago.
However, anthropologist and ethnobiologist Gregory Forth recently claimed that the Hobbits probably never went extinct in the first place, suggesting that these species likely inhabit #Indonesia to this day!
When Forth first started ethnographic fieldwork on Flores 20 years ago, he heard stories about human-like creatures, some of which were said to be alive but only rarely seen.
As per Mike Morwood, descriptions of these hominoids "fitted floresiensis to a T."
Years of hearing accounts of 'an animal that is remarkably like a human but is not human' that lived in a cave by a volcano from different members of #Indonesia's Lio tribe led Forth to make the wild claim that these #Hobbits never went extinct, or hadn't until very recently.
"Palaeontologists & other life scientists would do well to incorporate such #Indigenous knowledge into continuing investigations of hominin evolution in Indonesia and elsewhere," Forth wrote in The Scientist.
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In 2014, several skeletons were excavated from a well in Ajnala, Punjab.
While they were initially thought to be people who may have been killed during the Partition of India-Pakistan, DNA sequences matched with people from UP, Bihar & West Bengal.
📸: Via Times of India
The collaborative study by @ccmb_csir, @OfficialPU, @BSIPLucknow and BHU, published on April 28, used 50 samples for DNA analysis and 85 specimens for isotope analysis.
DNA analysis helps understand the ancestry of people and isotope analysis sheds light on food habits.
Whales first marked their presence on Earth around 50 million years ago. In fact, last year, palaeontologists unearthed a 43-million-year-old fossil of a four-legged whale that walked on land and swam in oceans.
📸: Robert B
Dolphin is a type of whale!
Yes, you read it right. They belong to the class of toothed whales—those whales that have teeth and use them for hunting and feeding on their prey.
Back in 2019, @alessandra_masc, a volunteer at the Loango Chimpanzee Project in #Gabon, recorded a female chimpanzee named Suzee and her son, Sia.
In the video, Suzee plucked an #insect from the underside of a leaf, squeezed it b/w her lips, & applied it to Sia's gash.
Such behaviour had never been observed or documented before!
In the year following the incident, researchers filmed all chimps with injuries. They gradually built up a record of 22 events, most of which involved individuals applying insects to their respective wounds.
While #Omicron has sparked global fears due to the possibility of higher transmissibility & resistance to certain vaccines, here's a quick look at the situation & actions that countries are taking to control the number of cases:
During the routine sequencing by Network for Genomics Surveillance, seventy-seven samples within #SouthAfrica's #Gauteng contained the variant.
The variant has a deletion within the S gene that helps in rapid identification.
This variant is not a 'daughter of the delta' or 'grandson of beta' but represents a whole new lineage of SARS-CoV-2, which the scientists termed B.1.1.529.
Thus it is unclear whether vaccines or booster doses may be effective against Omicron.
Indian astronomers are on a winning streak! In two separate discoveries, researchers have found an exoplanet 1.4x the size of Jupiter and a rare class of radio stars hotter than the Sun!
The first discovery of new exoplanet TOI 1789b was made by Prof A Chakraborty and team using the PARAS optical fibre-fed spectrograph—the first of its kind in India—on the 1.2-metre Telescope of PRL at its Mt Abu Observatory.
The exoplanet was found to have 70% of the mass and 1.4 times the size of Jupiter.
TOI 1789b orbits its Sun in just 3.2 days. Due to its closeness to its host star, the planet is intensely hot, with a surface temperature of up to 2000 K.