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Vinod Scaria Profile picture
@vinodscaria
Jun 11 • 13 tweets • 7 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
🔴 #Mpox aka #Monkeypox is spreading .
But not where you think it is.
A short 🧵 Image
The latest situation report on the multi-country outbreak of #mpox from @WHO has come out . In Summary:
▶️ 87,929 cases and 146 deaths from Jan 2022
▶️ 111 countries / territories affected as of date Image
▶️ The European and American Outbreak of #mpox which followed a super spreader event last year is pretty well under control.
There are few cases still being reported, but vaccination campaigns have brought the outbreak pretty well under control. Image
And in fact @WHO has declared the Public Health Emergency over #Mpox as over a month ago.
bbc.com/news/health-65…
However #Mpox is far from over
▶️ #Mpox is spreading to new territories. The major being South East Asia and Western Pacific
▶️ Cases are consistently increasing over time
▶️ cases are being reported in newer territories
For example , cases recently reported from #China this includes one imported case.
globaltimes.cn/page/202306/12…
And cases reported in #Pakistan, including imported cases with history of travel to Middle East
thehindu.com/news/internati…
And Sri Lanka
colombogazette.com/2023/06/07/two…
▶️ Incidentally in every of these reports, a significant number of individuals seem to have a travel history to the Middle East
However there is no spurt in cases as per the report

▶️ This could possibly mean the cases are severely under reported in the region Image
▶️ And importantly, #mpox continues to be endemic in African region, with a consistent number of cases over time
▶️ largest numbers are from Nigeria and DRC

🌎 Point to note , is that these regions never had access to vaccination despite the outbreak spreading across the world Image
🌎 With global travel coming back to pre-pandemic volumes and the disease continuing to spread unabated and the Pride month being celebrated this month, we need to keep in the back of the mind that "Nobody is safe until everyone is"
▶️ If we need to act upon, this is where we need to put our resources Image
Read the @WHO situation report on #Mpox at
who.int/publications/m…

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More from @vinodscaria

Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Jun 10
🔴 Characterisation of #Influenza A #H3N8 with hallmarks of continued evolution, spread in poultry and occasional spillover to humans from #China 🇨🇳

journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jv…
▶️ Continued infection of poultry and spillover into humans could potentially accelerate evolution and adaptation to human to human tranmission
▶️ Adaptation to other mammals noted in the past, through evolutionary processes.
▶️ Genome analysis suggest the origin by reassortment of genomes from poultry H9N2 backbone
Read 7 tweets
Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Dec 21, 2022
#COVID19 in #China.
What we know and what we don't.
A long thread, summarizing my thoughts, which I hope to keep updated over the coming weeks. Image
To give a brief background:
The aggressive approach by #China to contain the virus following initial cases in Wuhan, has been seen with awe and admiration by man.
This included:
🔴Strict quarantine & lockdown
🔴Massive testing & surveillance
🔴Early vaccines
🔴Health Infra
While COVID19 spread across the rest of the world, infecting and killing millions of people, and putting healthcare infrastructure to the brim of their capacities, China remained isolated, contained the spread and remained an outlier in many aspects.
Data @WHO Image
Read 13 tweets
Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Oct 13, 2022
🔘Recombinant variants of SARS-CoV-2 and XBB/XBB.1 the recent and emerging recombinant variants with large immune evasive potential.
A short 🧵on emerging evidence. Image
Recombinant variants of viruses are generated when two or more viruses co-infect a cell at the same time. Chances for co-infection is rare, but nevertheless they occur.
Genomic surveillance can efficiently pick up such recombinant isolates. Image
There are 49 odd recombinant variants now catalogued for #SARSCoV2 by @PangoNetwork , an open collaboration of scientists across the world.
PANGO names recombinant variants of #SARSCoV2 with a name starting with 'X'. Image
Read 21 tweets
Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Jul 27, 2022
🔴The curious case of Indian #Monkeypox Genomes
Wonderful effort by clinicians in @KeralaHealth who diagnosed the disease and researchers at @icmr_niv, we now have sequences of MPX isolates in @GISAID .

This short 🧵is on what the early genomes say.
Analysis @bani_jolly
Briefly 4⃣ genome sequences have been deposited for two samples (EPI_ISL_13953610 and EPI_ISL_13953611) along with 2 re-sequenced genomes from isolates of one of the sample.
▶️Both the isolates were from early cases reported from Kerala
▶️Both cases have a travel history
The present sustained human-human transmission of the MPX virus is believed to have happened via superspreader events in Europe with 16000+ cases now spread across 70+ countries,
The initial cases seemingly were predominantly among gays/bisexuals and msm networks
Read 13 tweets
Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Jul 2, 2022
🔴 A lot of discussions have come up on the BA.2.75 variant of #SARSCOV2. A continuously updated 🧵on emerging evidence on this variant.
This variant was highlighted for designation recently. Majority of genomes have come from India 🇮🇳, apart from many other countries. github.com/cov-lineages/p…
Why is this lineage interesting?
⚪ Interesting because it has 9 unique changes in the spike protein incl. a reversion compared to the BA.4 and BA.5 subvariants of omicron now spreading widely across the globe.
Schema @mercy_rophina
Read 11 tweets
Vinod Scaria Profile picture
Jun 26, 2022
While #SARSCoV2 infections surge once again across the world, a short and continuously updated 🧵 on the BA.4 /BA.5 variants. Image
Have written in quite detail about the variants in the past. thehindu.com/sci-tech/will-…
Briefly, the variants were identified - thanks to the researchers in South Africa 🇿🇦 who have been using genomic surveillance quite efficiently. We knew about these two variants as early as April 2022 as cases were slowly increasing in SA just after the omicron wave.
Read 18 tweets

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