Interesting observation from the war in #Ukraine️:
#Russia may be experiencing substantial supply issues of Kontakt-1 basic explosive reactive armour (ERA).
ERA is a vital component of Russian armour protection and was generally believed to be readily available.
Several telegram channels are looking for Russians who can produce the metal containers for Kontakt-1 explosive reactive armour (ERA) or spare some materials for them.
They post the machine drawings and of these containers, and recruiting machine shops who could produce them.
Some quotes from Russian channels:
"the tankers are unable to get any [Kontakt-1]".
Apparently from the Donetsk area: "[we] need 3000 pieces of remote sensing elements [ERA] plus monthly expense in battles is 1000-1200 pieces"
Kontakt-1 ERA is a fairly simple piece, introduced in the 1980s and consisting of a metal box with two plastic explosive liners (image 1).
However, against shaped charges a Kontakt-1 can substantially improve the armour protection (image 2).
Crowd-sourcing Kontakt-1 blocks is no definitive proof that Russia is running out of ERA blocks. But, ERA blocks are an expandable piece and cannot be sourced from #China.
So, these efforts may be another aspect of the attrition Russia faces admits the #counteroffensive.
Recently, @CITeam_en documented #Russia pulling ancient T54/55 tanks from storage and potentially moving them to the frontline in the #UkraineRussiaWar.
Some, like @RyanMcbeth, have suggested the T54/55s could substitute artillery.
My thoughts plus a twist at the end🧵
What does using a tank in an indirect-fire role rather than a direct-fire role mean?
The idea: tanks don't fire at targets they can see in a relatively flat arc (as they were designed).
Instead, they fire at targets they don't see, at a steep angle (like howitzers).
Basically, Uranium comes in many atomic configuration. U-238 is the most common & U-235 is the one we get the energy from.
Depending on the concentration of U-235 we call it: natural, low-enriched (for energy) or high-enriched (for weapons).
However, not all highly-enriched Uranium (HEU) is created equal. HEU covers anything with more than 20% U-235. But, nuclear weapons require at least 80% U-235; modern ones contain 85% and more.
Still, we don't know how highly enriched the #Russian Uranium for #China is.
Der Spiegel (@derspiegel ) reported that #China's Xi'an Bingguo Smart company may support #Russia with sacrificial drones - the ZT-180 - against #Ukraine.
All we know is that the drone can carry 35 kg to 50 kg of explosives.
There've been numerous sightings of #Russian TOS-1A multiple rocket launchers in #Ukraine, albeit they've not been used yet.
Seeing TOS-1As in the #UkraineWar is significant as they cause immense damage when used in urban warfare - as we have seen in #Chechnya in 1999
A quick🧵
The TOS-1(A) fires 30 (24 A version) 220mm thermobaric rockets. One salvo can "annihilate" an estimated area of 200x400m.
Thermobaric rockets function by dispersing a fuel (powdered tetranite) into a cloud that is then ignited. The resulting shockwave destroys buildings & people
TOS-1s were used to great effect in the 2nd #Chechnya War; in the siege of #Grozny and Komsomolskoye.
To break the defence of Grozny, the TOS-1's area denial capability was used to cover mine-clearing operations, and to combat dug-in troops.