Recent well liked threads
🧵 Why you cannot be oedematous and hypovolaemic at steady state
“Puffy but intravascularly dry”?
⚠️The most persistent myth in IV fluid therapy
#FOAMed #physiology #MedX
“Puffy but intravascularly dry”?
⚠️The most persistent myth in IV fluid therapy
#FOAMed #physiology #MedX
2/
Capillaries filter fluid continuously.
Lymphatics return that filtered fluid continuously.
Daily:
• Filtration ≈ several litres
• Lymph return ≈ several litres
• Net plasma loss ≈ zero
No oedema. No hypovolaemia.
Capillaries filter fluid continuously.
Lymphatics return that filtered fluid continuously.
Daily:
• Filtration ≈ several litres
• Lymph return ≈ several litres
• Net plasma loss ≈ zero
No oedema. No hypovolaemia.
3/
Two states exist:
High capillary pressure (Pc) → ↑ filtration (Jv) → lymph works harder → oedema only when filtration exceeds lymph drainage.
Low Pc → filtration ↓ towards zero → lymph dominates → plasma volume ↑ → oedema resolves.
You cannot occupy both states at once.
Two states exist:
High capillary pressure (Pc) → ↑ filtration (Jv) → lymph works harder → oedema only when filtration exceeds lymph drainage.
Low Pc → filtration ↓ towards zero → lymph dominates → plasma volume ↑ → oedema resolves.
You cannot occupy both states at once.
2/The primary tools to facilitate arms-for-opium trafficking operations in the region were Chiang Kai-shek on Taiwan and the airliners Civil Air Transport (CAT precursor to Air America) and SEA Supply Corporation. Together these elements built up guerrilla armies in the Burmese backlands, as well as the Thai national police force. The Thai National Police was a product of the CIA's Office of Public Safety we see later in Operation Condor.
3/William Colby (who set up the Gladio style stay behind network in Scandinavian countries) came to the Golden Triangle in 1959 as CIA station chief of South Vietnam, working with Ngo Dinh Diem in forcing the population to resist the unification of Korea.
4/Diem reportedly was involved in the trafficking of Burmese opium and so was South Vietnam's president from 1965 to 1975, Nguyen Van Thieu, with whom Colby also worked closely, first as chief of the CIA's Far East Division from 1962 to 1967, and then as head of the Phoenix Program from 1968 to 1971.
There are no excuses for poor policing when it comes to Maher Hajjaj of “Palestine Pulse”, a hate group. He led last night’s awful protest outside a London synagogue, where he insisted Israeli Jews must “go home” and railed about “Jewish supremacy”.
He has no end of form. 1/9
He has no end of form. 1/9
Burning hatred is his calling. Here he is at the racist rally for terrorists at Villa Park in Birmingham.
"Zionists are not welcome here!" "Death to the IDF!" 2/9
"Zionists are not welcome here!" "Death to the IDF!" 2/9
Terrorists are his heroes. He is "with the resistance", you see. "We will fight." Israel must go, of course. 3/9
“A power can be overthrown only by another power, not by a principle, and no power that can confront money is left but this one. Money is overthrown and abolished only by blood.”
— Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West
— Oswald Spengler, The Decline of the West
This fantastic edit comes from @heirofascania.
Give him a follow. He does excellent work.
Give him a follow. He does excellent work.
For Spengler, like most of our people’s greatest thinkers until very recently, history is not conceived as a linear ascent toward some imagined utopian terminus or a Fukuyama-style “end of history.” It is understood as cyclical and organic, governed by forces of growth and exhaustion that stand beyond the moral illusions of modern ideology.
Within this framework, cultures are not treated as static entities or rational projects but as living organisms with a finite arc of development. A culture is born from an inner impulse, it lives through the unfolding of its form across time, and it dies when the vitality that once sustained it is finally exhausted. What begins as a creative inward force gradually turns outward, solidifying into rigid structures that grow mechanical and settle into a terminal condition, as all organic life does.
It is within this organic progression that the decisive transformation appears. The living, formative phase of a people, which Spengler calls Kultur, hardens into what he terms Zivilisation. The soul of the culture, having expended its creative power, abandons depth and expresses itself through abstractions detached from their source, congealing into technique and into structures of control that no longer arise from inner form. At this stage money ceases to function merely as an instrument and assumes the position of hegemonic power, shaping public and political life according to its own impersonal logic, until life itself becomes external and mechanical.
In Spengler’s system this condition prepares the ground for Caesarism. Parliamentary mediation and financial abstraction lose their remaining authority, and power reappears in direct personal form embodied in the figure of a Caesar. Rule no longer issues from impersonal systems but from the presence of the man whose will becomes the organizing center of political life. Caesarism does not regenerate the culture’s lost soul. It stabilizes a civilization that has already entered its final phase through concentrated authority and disciplined command.
When Spengler writes that a power can be overthrown only by another power and not by a principle, he is describing this precise structural turn. Abstract systems do not dissolve through MORE argument or reform, nor through further ABSTRACTION or deeper DISCONNECTION. They are displaced only by a more concrete form of authority. For him, the force capable of confronting money-power is blood, understood as biological continuity and embodied will, that which is abstract overturned by that which is real. Blood signifies the reassertion of organic command and direct authority after the exhaustion of financial abstraction and impersonal domination.
This is the age now unfolding before us, one in which abstraction has swollen beyond organic proportion and the inner life of our civilization has been drained of its remaining vitality. What Spengler describes is not a distant pattern but the present condition itself. Authority gathers into tangible form through force embodied in the figure of the great man, or in men formed by the pressure of the age. As the old order dissolves into procedure and simulation, power withdraws from the husk of bloodless abstraction and gathers once more in flesh, in presence, in the living will. In this terminal stage, blood stands not as a simple metaphor but as reality, the final expression of continuity within a civilization approaching the end of its historical breath.
Which inevitably raises the question: what comes next?
Within this framework, cultures are not treated as static entities or rational projects but as living organisms with a finite arc of development. A culture is born from an inner impulse, it lives through the unfolding of its form across time, and it dies when the vitality that once sustained it is finally exhausted. What begins as a creative inward force gradually turns outward, solidifying into rigid structures that grow mechanical and settle into a terminal condition, as all organic life does.
It is within this organic progression that the decisive transformation appears. The living, formative phase of a people, which Spengler calls Kultur, hardens into what he terms Zivilisation. The soul of the culture, having expended its creative power, abandons depth and expresses itself through abstractions detached from their source, congealing into technique and into structures of control that no longer arise from inner form. At this stage money ceases to function merely as an instrument and assumes the position of hegemonic power, shaping public and political life according to its own impersonal logic, until life itself becomes external and mechanical.
In Spengler’s system this condition prepares the ground for Caesarism. Parliamentary mediation and financial abstraction lose their remaining authority, and power reappears in direct personal form embodied in the figure of a Caesar. Rule no longer issues from impersonal systems but from the presence of the man whose will becomes the organizing center of political life. Caesarism does not regenerate the culture’s lost soul. It stabilizes a civilization that has already entered its final phase through concentrated authority and disciplined command.
When Spengler writes that a power can be overthrown only by another power and not by a principle, he is describing this precise structural turn. Abstract systems do not dissolve through MORE argument or reform, nor through further ABSTRACTION or deeper DISCONNECTION. They are displaced only by a more concrete form of authority. For him, the force capable of confronting money-power is blood, understood as biological continuity and embodied will, that which is abstract overturned by that which is real. Blood signifies the reassertion of organic command and direct authority after the exhaustion of financial abstraction and impersonal domination.
This is the age now unfolding before us, one in which abstraction has swollen beyond organic proportion and the inner life of our civilization has been drained of its remaining vitality. What Spengler describes is not a distant pattern but the present condition itself. Authority gathers into tangible form through force embodied in the figure of the great man, or in men formed by the pressure of the age. As the old order dissolves into procedure and simulation, power withdraws from the husk of bloodless abstraction and gathers once more in flesh, in presence, in the living will. In this terminal stage, blood stands not as a simple metaphor but as reality, the final expression of continuity within a civilization approaching the end of its historical breath.
Which inevitably raises the question: what comes next?
I’m not going to sugarcoat it. Europeans, you better be damn fucking prepared if this ceasefire happens as it is right now. I’m going to give you a full analyst breakdown and it’s not going to be pretty. I’m going to be very blunt and your future is bleak. Unfortunately I’m in it
Russia will rearm at full speed. This is not a maybe this is definitive. Do not believe these stupid Europeans whom are being delusional on this app. Analysts at ISW, the Estonian Intelligence Service, and Poland’s OSW agree:
A ceasefire does not mean peace. Every major defense analysis from ISW to CEPA to Polish, Nordic & UK intel—points to the same conclusion:
A ceasefire now = a frozen conflict that Russia will use to prepare for the next war.
A ceasefire now = a frozen conflict that Russia will use to prepare for the next war.
🚨How Berberine Lowers Cholesterol: Blew My Mind! (link at the end)
1/6) I just learned how berberine lowers LDL-C/ApoB, and the *mechanism* blew my mind.
Unlike statins, it doesn’t inhibit cholesterol synthesis, or harm mitochondria, and doesn’t worsen insulin resistance.
In fact, it improves features of metabolic health, while also lowering LDL and ApoB in a totally unexpected way.
Let’s break it down...
⚠️ Warning: This is a heart-health nerd's only zone. Proceed at your own risk, especially with 4/6.
@ApoDudz @lipo_fan @realDaveFeldman @AdrianSotoMota @LDLSkeptic @AKoutnik @janellison @bschermd @tyler_smith @Hundredhealth @DrPaulMason @robbwolf @reallyoptimized
1/6) I just learned how berberine lowers LDL-C/ApoB, and the *mechanism* blew my mind.
Unlike statins, it doesn’t inhibit cholesterol synthesis, or harm mitochondria, and doesn’t worsen insulin resistance.
In fact, it improves features of metabolic health, while also lowering LDL and ApoB in a totally unexpected way.
Let’s break it down...
⚠️ Warning: This is a heart-health nerd's only zone. Proceed at your own risk, especially with 4/6.
@ApoDudz @lipo_fan @realDaveFeldman @AdrianSotoMota @LDLSkeptic @AKoutnik @janellison @bschermd @tyler_smith @Hundredhealth @DrPaulMason @robbwolf @reallyoptimized
2/6) First, contrast with statins. Statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis, creating a relative “cholesterol starvation” state in liver cells.
The liver compensates by ramping up LDL receptor expression, which pulls LDL particles out of the bloodstream. Effective—but not without tradeoffs, which can include off-target effects in other organs:
👉Mitochondrial impairment
👉Reduced CoQ10 synthesis
👉Lower GLP-1 levels
👉Insulin resistance
I’m not saying statins don’t have a place—but their mechanism of action has real biological costs.
The liver compensates by ramping up LDL receptor expression, which pulls LDL particles out of the bloodstream. Effective—but not without tradeoffs, which can include off-target effects in other organs:
👉Mitochondrial impairment
👉Reduced CoQ10 synthesis
👉Lower GLP-1 levels
👉Insulin resistance
I’m not saying statins don’t have a place—but their mechanism of action has real biological costs.
3/6) Berberine diverges completely. In a hypothesis-naive screen of natural compounds, it stood out by boosting LDL receptors through a weird route.
TL;DR: it stabilizes the receptor’s mRNA “instructions,” extending receptor production from ~60 minutes to >3 hours.
TL;DR: it stabilizes the receptor’s mRNA “instructions,” extending receptor production from ~60 minutes to >3 hours.
After reading 1000s of books...
I'm convinced everyone needs to read these 10 books before they turn 30:
10. The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho.
I'm convinced everyone needs to read these 10 books before they turn 30:
10. The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho.
9. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari.
8. The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger.
There are complicated, structural reasons for the recent surge in electric prices (maybe a future thread on that) and beware of simple narratives. But prioritizing the most expensive generation is, quite literally, the dumbest possible solution.
One of many tragedies here is that the states that are seeing the fastest rate increases are in the central part of the country where historic reliance on coal and a political fear of change have the potential to conspire and make this much worse.
🛡️ Master Windows Server Hardening with Group Policy Security (GPO)
Want the full breakdown?
✉️Comment “PDF” for the complete guide.
Want the full breakdown?
✉️Comment “PDF” for the complete guide.
Windows Server remains the backbone of modern enterprise systems and securing it has never been more critical. One of the most powerful yet overlooked tools for building a hardened Windows environment is the Group Policy Object (GPO).
💡 Why GPO mastery matters:
🔹 Turns your Windows environment from exposed to “secure-by-default”
🔹 Delivers consistent, enforceable policies across servers and endpoints
🔹 Gives you precision control over authentication, permissions, and user actions
🔹 Turns your Windows environment from exposed to “secure-by-default”
🔹 Delivers consistent, enforceable policies across servers and endpoints
🔹 Gives you precision control over authentication, permissions, and user actions
▶️ „Weidel will Ruhe vor Protest –
▶️ Demonstrationsrecht nur für Faschisten?“
Alice Weidel steht da in ihrem hübsch ausgeleuchteten Video, jammert über 4.500 Polizist:innen und tut so, als sei sie die letzte Verteidigerin der Demokratie –
▶️ Demonstrationsrecht nur für Faschisten?“
Alice Weidel steht da in ihrem hübsch ausgeleuchteten Video, jammert über 4.500 Polizist:innen und tut so, als sei sie die letzte Verteidigerin der Demokratie –
während sie in Wahrheit seit Jahren mit der Abrissbirne an genau gegen diese Demokratie arbeitet.
▶️ Das ist keine Ironie mehr, das ist blanke Verhöhnung.
▶️ Das ist keine Ironie mehr, das ist blanke Verhöhnung.
Fangen wir mit den Fakten an, Frau Weidel:
▶️ Ihre Partei wird vom Verfassungsschutz in Teilen als gesichert rechtsextrem eingestuft, die
„Junge Alternative“ gleich mit.
Und die Neugründung des radikalen Jugendverbandes wird genauso bald vom VS als gesichert rechtsextrem
▶️ Ihre Partei wird vom Verfassungsschutz in Teilen als gesichert rechtsextrem eingestuft, die
„Junge Alternative“ gleich mit.
Und die Neugründung des radikalen Jugendverbandes wird genauso bald vom VS als gesichert rechtsextrem
If you ask any LLM, it will admit to you that it's a half useless coded piece of hype which crumbles under the slightest pressure
You can get to this outcome by showing an LLM a function which proves the limits of its own compute and complexity and then it will just admit that having a bigger brain and listening to media liars is not going to help it think harder
1/ 🧵Part 1
How election interference works counter-narrative using 2 historical examples in Nicaragua and Venezeula. It's important to explore Nicaragua bc it was the model for Venezuela (and others).
How election interference works counter-narrative using 2 historical examples in Nicaragua and Venezeula. It's important to explore Nicaragua bc it was the model for Venezuela (and others).
2/ These operations are a whole of government effort: principally directed by the Department of State (DS), the Agency for International Development (AID), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) along with its four associated…
3/ …foundations. These are the International Republican Institute (IRI, ran by Sen John McCain for 25 yrs) of the Republican Party; the National Democratic Institute (NDI) of the Democratic Party; the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE)
Paxos just bought the israeli blockchain start-up Fordefi for $100 million, including their Tel Aviv HQ, and will continue to employ dozens of israeli employees.
Tell @Paxos to divest from genocide and shut down their new TLV office
Tell @Paxos to divest from genocide and shut down their new TLV office
@Paxos Paxos CEO @chadcascarilla has no reason to keep operating an office full of war criminals from the IDF's Unit 8200.
@Paxos @chadcascarilla Tell Paxos co-founder @rich_teo to quickly end @PaxosGlobal's complicity with genocide and apartheid
1/ 🧵Part 2 Election Interference case studies: CIA
Since the 1980’s ODI/OTI has financed projects directly using 4 foundations associated with NED, in recent years OTI has channeled more $$ to them than has NED.
Since the 1980’s ODI/OTI has financed projects directly using 4 foundations associated with NED, in recent years OTI has channeled more $$ to them than has NED.
2/ The 2 funding sources, OTI and NED, have also sent funds to a network of U.S. foundations, consulting, & PR firms. This laundering conceal the source financing by the U.S. gov that maintains control over the funds.
3/ The CIA can provide funds secretly to NED and OTI, they often fund salaries of foreign 'assets' employed by these foundations. CIA can launder their funds through individuals, businesses, or private institutions.