Recent well liked threads
As far as I can tell, there are no good reasons to think that the Soviet Union was better for Russian development than the continuation of the Tsarist regime.
A few papers have been written on this.
First one, has a title question where the answer is "no".
A few papers have been written on this.
First one, has a title question where the answer is "no".
The fact that it seems Stalin's policies weren't needed (first pic) is a stunning indictment of central planning, because such policies pretty much invariably have their best days in their early days since they rely on extensive growth that falls apart (second pic).
Another study was done on the Stalin question specifically.
Same conclusion.
Same conclusion.
Interesting hypothesis. Now let's check the evidence.
Boomercons love the idea that immigrants are uber-patriotic and grateful, and some are (I personally don't expect gratitude, this is America, don't need boot-licking, but non-hostility is essential and among the politicized segment usually missing), but this is not the norm.
Most people immigrating to the US do so for money. Which is fine, money is a perfectly respectable motivation, but hardly an indicator of uber-patriotism.
0/ 🧵 NO us heu sorprès, des de fa un temps, que a l'entrada de Barcelona ha aparegut un gratacels de 25 plantes enmig del no-res?
Aquesta torre. La que veieu venint per la Diagonal o la Ronda de Dalt. Doncs té una explicació. I no és la que us han venut com a "districte d'innovació en salut".
Te tota una trama que explica com funciona aquest país 👇
Aquesta torre. La que veieu venint per la Diagonal o la Ronda de Dalt. Doncs té una explicació. I no és la que us han venut com a "districte d'innovació en salut".
Te tota una trama que explica com funciona aquest país 👇
1/ Es diu Tower One. 25 plantes, 100 metres, jardins verticals, piscina a la planta 22 amb "vistes bestials" (paraules textuals del propietari al seu YouTube).
Un hotel de luxe de 526 habitacions clavat a la frontera d'Esplugues. Preciós.
Es diu Tower One perquè hi haura una Two. Que si no la torre sola passa pena (i els seus inversors, ja ho veureu, també)
La pregunta que ningú fa: per què les planten AQUÍ? Per casualitat?
Un hotel de luxe de 526 habitacions clavat a la frontera d'Esplugues. Preciós.
Es diu Tower One perquè hi haura una Two. Que si no la torre sola passa pena (i els seus inversors, ja ho veureu, també)
La pregunta que ningú fa: per què les planten AQUÍ? Per casualitat?
2/ Perquè just al costat hi posaran el nou Hospital Clínic.
Una operació pública de 70 hectàrees + ampliació del metro L3.
Centenars de milions d'euros. Diner de tots.
I el diner públic té una propietat gairebé màgica: converteix un solar qualsevol en una mina d'or. 🪙
Una operació pública de 70 hectàrees + ampliació del metro L3.
Centenars de milions d'euros. Diner de tots.
I el diner públic té una propietat gairebé màgica: converteix un solar qualsevol en una mina d'or. 🪙
🚨 خبر عاجل: كلود أطلق خاصية جديدة تُسمى Council!
بدلًا من أن يجيب كلود بـ"رأس واحد"، يمكنك الآن جعل 5 رؤوس تتناقش وتجادل مع بعضها ثم تعطيك الإجابة النهائية.
إليك طريقة الاستخدام + 5 برومبتات قوية:
(احفظ الثريد)
بدلًا من أن يجيب كلود بـ"رأس واحد"، يمكنك الآن جعل 5 رؤوس تتناقش وتجادل مع بعضها ثم تعطيك الإجابة النهائية.
إليك طريقة الاستخدام + 5 برومبتات قوية:
(احفظ الثريد)
الطريقة بسيطة جدًا!
افتح شات جديد والصق هذا النص:
«أنت مجلس (Council). لا تجب بصوت واحد.
عندما أطرح سؤالاً، قم أولاً بتفعيل 5 مستشارين، كل واحد له منظور مختلف:
1️⃣ المعارض — يهاجم أضعف نقطة في منطقي بلا رحمة 2️⃣ المفكر الجوهري — يتجاهل الزخارف ويحل "المشكلة الحقيقية" فقط 3️⃣ الموسع — يكتشف الفرص والجوانب الإيجابية التي لم ألاحظها 4️⃣ المنظور الخارجي — ينظر بعين شخص لا يعرف الافتراضات ويكشف "البديهيات" المفقودة 5️⃣ المنفذ — يعطي الخطوات العملية التالية
اجعل الخمسة يتناقشون، يحذفون الآراء الضعيفة، ثم أعطني خلاصة واحدة فقط.
إذا لم تكن متأكدًا، قل بصراحة "لا أعرف" بدلاً من التخمين.»
افتح شات جديد والصق هذا النص:
«أنت مجلس (Council). لا تجب بصوت واحد.
عندما أطرح سؤالاً، قم أولاً بتفعيل 5 مستشارين، كل واحد له منظور مختلف:
1️⃣ المعارض — يهاجم أضعف نقطة في منطقي بلا رحمة 2️⃣ المفكر الجوهري — يتجاهل الزخارف ويحل "المشكلة الحقيقية" فقط 3️⃣ الموسع — يكتشف الفرص والجوانب الإيجابية التي لم ألاحظها 4️⃣ المنظور الخارجي — ينظر بعين شخص لا يعرف الافتراضات ويكشف "البديهيات" المفقودة 5️⃣ المنفذ — يعطي الخطوات العملية التالية
اجعل الخمسة يتناقشون، يحذفون الآراء الضعيفة، ثم أعطني خلاصة واحدة فقط.
إذا لم تكن متأكدًا، قل بصراحة "لا أعرف" بدلاً من التخمين.»
① هل القرار الذي اتخذته فعلاً صحيح؟
«لقد قررت بالفعل [القرار الذي أنت متعلق به عاطفيًا]. السبب: [الصق السبب]. لا تراعيني. أخبرني أين الدليل الحقيقي وأين مجرد اعتقاد، وهل هذا القرار سيدفعني للأمام أم لا. في النهاية أعطني إجابة حاسمة: نعم أم لا.»
«لقد قررت بالفعل [القرار الذي أنت متعلق به عاطفيًا]. السبب: [الصق السبب]. لا تراعيني. أخبرني أين الدليل الحقيقي وأين مجرد اعتقاد، وهل هذا القرار سيدفعني للأمام أم لا. في النهاية أعطني إجابة حاسمة: نعم أم لا.»
For those who deal with immune or autoimmune issues, I highly recommend learning and practicing pore breathing regularly. I’m going to teach you an intro/beginners approach to this practice right now :
This helps to balance your immune system and balances the yin in yang while reorganizing Qi throughout the body. It’s also good for inflammation and ‘excess’ states you need to detox body from. This is healing for some, curative for others, but can exhaust a few (be mindful if you’re in a moment of your life where you crash from a chronic illness to not do more than a few minutes (2-5 min only plz - if you have ME/CFS, mitochondrial disorders) before you stop to see how it affects you over a day or so. Just find your baseline because it’s so much more powerful than the sum of its parts. It reorganizes the body :
Sit or lay down, and to the healthy you can absolutely stand as well to do this. Have your back and neck straight so the center of your body is in communication and can flow.
All you have to do is breath in through your nose in a proper breath (the kind that expands your belly and lower back, then diaphragm, in a 360° round) a few times. Do this for a minute or two.
Now, imagine each pore on your skin, over every inch of your entire body, is a mouth that has the ability to both inhale and exhale.
On your next nasal inhale allow your body to breathe through every pore (ears, belly, kidneys, toes, heart, arms, fingers, legs - just everywhere) and take in fresh, healing, restorative, balanced, light or energy. I was taught to have it be light that comes from an origin source of creation, one that is unadulterated and perfect.
On the exhale, breathe out *everything* you don’t want through every pore. This means emotions, inflammation, darkness, stagnation, sickness, stuckness, toxicity, imbalance, instability, just anything you know you are holding onto that is stuck somewhere in the being that is you.
Maybe a tumor, maybe bad lymphatics, maybe it’s a memory, maybe it’s autoimmunity. Fill in that blank for you.
Now see that leave as dark smoke from every pore and send it shooting out to the ends of the universe. Like arrows out.
That’s the entire practice.
Breathe in through every pore (through your nose in reality). Everything you want from an origin source - living and loving and healing in nature. Light it with the color your body wants. I often see this in a pure yellow or blue when I do it.
Then, breathe out through every pore all that negative whatever as smoke. To the ends of the earth, like it’s shooting out.
Do this if you are healthy for 10-20.
If you are sick, start with 2-5 minutes.
If you have an ailment in your entire body, you can especially breathe into that area or if you need to get rid of something in a location, breathe out that black smoke from there.
Do that and intend that it clears the area enough that it starts to feel like that area really is lessening in that quality.
I used to think this was placebo until I had late stage neurological Lyme. I stopped being able to adjust from inside air to outside air, and back in again. My blood gases would not be about to adapt. Doing this practice regulated it.
It also pulled me personally out of crashes and even helped lessen fevers, even in the crazy inflammatory response of Covid. While your fever may still be there in situations like that, it will help the body regulate the kick of the immune response. If you live with intensive inflammation or things like high c reactive proteins, auto immunity, this is a practice that can be felt within a few days to regulate the suffering of those.
Over time (like 30-100 days) it begins to have serious regulatory effects.
Like all things Qi Gong or internal alchemy, not everything works for everyone. But this works for many and it’s why it’s so famous.
Again to my ME/CFS/Late stagers, this is a practice for you too but just go much less in time until you know you’re not crashing yourself.
Also 👇🏻
This helps to balance your immune system and balances the yin in yang while reorganizing Qi throughout the body. It’s also good for inflammation and ‘excess’ states you need to detox body from. This is healing for some, curative for others, but can exhaust a few (be mindful if you’re in a moment of your life where you crash from a chronic illness to not do more than a few minutes (2-5 min only plz - if you have ME/CFS, mitochondrial disorders) before you stop to see how it affects you over a day or so. Just find your baseline because it’s so much more powerful than the sum of its parts. It reorganizes the body :
Sit or lay down, and to the healthy you can absolutely stand as well to do this. Have your back and neck straight so the center of your body is in communication and can flow.
All you have to do is breath in through your nose in a proper breath (the kind that expands your belly and lower back, then diaphragm, in a 360° round) a few times. Do this for a minute or two.
Now, imagine each pore on your skin, over every inch of your entire body, is a mouth that has the ability to both inhale and exhale.
On your next nasal inhale allow your body to breathe through every pore (ears, belly, kidneys, toes, heart, arms, fingers, legs - just everywhere) and take in fresh, healing, restorative, balanced, light or energy. I was taught to have it be light that comes from an origin source of creation, one that is unadulterated and perfect.
On the exhale, breathe out *everything* you don’t want through every pore. This means emotions, inflammation, darkness, stagnation, sickness, stuckness, toxicity, imbalance, instability, just anything you know you are holding onto that is stuck somewhere in the being that is you.
Maybe a tumor, maybe bad lymphatics, maybe it’s a memory, maybe it’s autoimmunity. Fill in that blank for you.
Now see that leave as dark smoke from every pore and send it shooting out to the ends of the universe. Like arrows out.
That’s the entire practice.
Breathe in through every pore (through your nose in reality). Everything you want from an origin source - living and loving and healing in nature. Light it with the color your body wants. I often see this in a pure yellow or blue when I do it.
Then, breathe out through every pore all that negative whatever as smoke. To the ends of the earth, like it’s shooting out.
Do this if you are healthy for 10-20.
If you are sick, start with 2-5 minutes.
If you have an ailment in your entire body, you can especially breathe into that area or if you need to get rid of something in a location, breathe out that black smoke from there.
Do that and intend that it clears the area enough that it starts to feel like that area really is lessening in that quality.
I used to think this was placebo until I had late stage neurological Lyme. I stopped being able to adjust from inside air to outside air, and back in again. My blood gases would not be about to adapt. Doing this practice regulated it.
It also pulled me personally out of crashes and even helped lessen fevers, even in the crazy inflammatory response of Covid. While your fever may still be there in situations like that, it will help the body regulate the kick of the immune response. If you live with intensive inflammation or things like high c reactive proteins, auto immunity, this is a practice that can be felt within a few days to regulate the suffering of those.
Over time (like 30-100 days) it begins to have serious regulatory effects.
Like all things Qi Gong or internal alchemy, not everything works for everyone. But this works for many and it’s why it’s so famous.
Again to my ME/CFS/Late stagers, this is a practice for you too but just go much less in time until you know you’re not crashing yourself.
Also 👇🏻
Last note : This is a modified & beginner practice of a more advanced practice where people either begin to work with their arms or change their breathing patterns to lower and lower, or circulate it around their body, or breathe it (often) deeper into their bones and then do bone breathing. Because I am posting this for autoimmunity and those often with poor autonomic function, start with this modified easier practice that requires less of your energy and focus and time. Feeling that balancing and diffuse quality is all you’re sensing for here. Take in what’s needed, release what isn’t. Balance balance balance. The nervous system knows what to do from there.
If you like this and do for a few weeks to month and have no issues (and it helps you) you might look up the following:
Qi Gong Bone Breathing
Micro Cosmic Orbit circulation
Reverse Breathing
These are all Qi Gong Exercises <3
If you like this and do for a few weeks to month and have no issues (and it helps you) you might look up the following:
Qi Gong Bone Breathing
Micro Cosmic Orbit circulation
Reverse Breathing
These are all Qi Gong Exercises <3
I have just finished reading Justice Clarence Thomas's 91-page dissent in the Supreme Court’s ruling striking down Trump’s birthright citizenship order.
It's incredible.
Here's everything you need to know: 🧵
It's incredible.
Here's everything you need to know: 🧵
A long time ago, the Supreme Court made a ruling that said Black people could never be U.S. citizens, no matter what.
That ruling helped push the country toward the Civil War. After the war, the nation set out to bury the hatchet for good by adding a NEW citizenship rule directly into the Constitution.
Thomas's whole argument starts right here.
He says you can't figure out what the rule MEANS until you remember what problem it was created to SOLVE.
The problem was simple: a group of people who GENUINELY BELONGED to this country were being told they could never be citizens.
The rule was written to guarantee that those people, and people like them, would always be citizens, no matter their race.
It was a PROMISE TO PEOPLE WHO ALREADY BELONGED.
It was not, Thomas argues, designed as an automatic prize for anyone who happens to be born on American soil.
That ruling helped push the country toward the Civil War. After the war, the nation set out to bury the hatchet for good by adding a NEW citizenship rule directly into the Constitution.
Thomas's whole argument starts right here.
He says you can't figure out what the rule MEANS until you remember what problem it was created to SOLVE.
The problem was simple: a group of people who GENUINELY BELONGED to this country were being told they could never be citizens.
The rule was written to guarantee that those people, and people like them, would always be citizens, no matter their race.
It was a PROMISE TO PEOPLE WHO ALREADY BELONGED.
It was not, Thomas argues, designed as an automatic prize for anyone who happens to be born on American soil.
His main point is that there's a difference between someone belonging here and someone just passing through.
Freed slaves, Thomas says, belonged here in every way that mattered.
They had no other country to go back to.
They owed loyalty to no foreign king or government.
America was the ONLY home they had ever had, and they had worked, suffered, and fought for it like everyone else.
Now picture a completely different situation: a baby born to two tourists who are in the country for a two-week vacation.
That family still has a home somewhere else, still belongs to another nation, and will go back to it.
Thomas's point is that these two situations are NOTHING ALIKE, even though both babies were technically born on U.S. soil.
The citizenship rule, he argues, was built for the first kind of person, the one who truly belongs, not for the second.
Freed slaves, Thomas says, belonged here in every way that mattered.
They had no other country to go back to.
They owed loyalty to no foreign king or government.
America was the ONLY home they had ever had, and they had worked, suffered, and fought for it like everyone else.
Now picture a completely different situation: a baby born to two tourists who are in the country for a two-week vacation.
That family still has a home somewhere else, still belongs to another nation, and will go back to it.
Thomas's point is that these two situations are NOTHING ALIKE, even though both babies were technically born on U.S. soil.
The citizenship rule, he argues, was built for the first kind of person, the one who truly belongs, not for the second.
Almost every major revolution in modern history followed the same script: overthrow one power, install another.
France swapped the King for Robespierre, then for Napoleon.
Russia swapped the Czar for Lenin, then for Stalin.
Cuba swapped Batista for Castro.
Only one revolution broke the script. The American one, in 1776. 🧵
France swapped the King for Robespierre, then for Napoleon.
Russia swapped the Czar for Lenin, then for Stalin.
Cuba swapped Batista for Castro.
Only one revolution broke the script. The American one, in 1776. 🧵
In every other case, the logic of power survives the change of regime. A new sovereign takes the throne.
Rights remain concessions, granted by whoever holds power, revocable when politically inconvenient.
Rights remain concessions, granted by whoever holds power, revocable when politically inconvenient.
What Thomas Jefferson wrote in the second paragraph of the Declaration of Independence does something else.
The sentence reads:
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
The sentence reads:
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Can AI agents help researchers reproduce research more quickly? We conducted an uplift study. The answer is yes: researchers reproduced papers > 2x faster using Codex with GPT-5.4 xhigh. In a new paper, we show many other results.
When a benchmark’s accuracy saturates, the field usually replaces it with a harder one. We use CORE-Bench Hard, a benchmark for computational reproducibility, as a case study to show what we can still measure after accuracy saturates.
Paper: arxiv.org/pdf/2606.26158…
Paper: arxiv.org/pdf/2606.26158…
Some findings:
1. We uncover errors in CORE-Bench Hard that are hard to surface before accuracy saturates.
2. Agents are consistent but under-confident & can’t tell when they’re wrong.
3. Human-agent collaboration provides substantial uplift for computational reproducibility.
1. We uncover errors in CORE-Bench Hard that are hard to surface before accuracy saturates.
2. Agents are consistent but under-confident & can’t tell when they’re wrong.
3. Human-agent collaboration provides substantial uplift for computational reproducibility.
Heute vor Ort bei der ordentlichen #Hauptversammlung der Maschinenfabrik Berthold #Hermle AG in der Jurahalle in #Gosheim.
#finTwit #finX #boerse #Nebenwerte
#finTwit #finX #boerse #Nebenwerte
Es gibt wieder gedruckte Geschätsberichte 🙌🏻
Blick auf das Podium.
Die Tische davor sind wir gehabt für die wenigen Stammaktionäre reserviert.
Die Tische davor sind wir gehabt für die wenigen Stammaktionäre reserviert.
While I think the possibility is rather low, the ICJ case ending with a ruling of genocide - especially a broad one - may actually be good for Israel in the long term.
Because it will have several beneficial second-order effects with few tradeoffs:
Because it will have several beneficial second-order effects with few tradeoffs:
1) It will full break the institutional power of the Konsepsiya. The idea that Israel is being evaluated by a just an impartial international system - or at the very least a system that wants to be SEEN as impartial - will be completely shattered with Israeli voters.
2) It will force militarily relevant Western powers to realize that international law as an institution has been hijacked by third world agitators who will be happy to apply this new standard to them as well, causing a loss of funding and legitimacy.
1) 🇪🇺 It's now official: the EU has awarded € 7.5 million for ME/CFS research!
The DISCOVER-ME consortium is led by Prof Eva Untersmayr at the University of Vienna, but includes partners from multiple European countries.
A brief thread...
#MECFS
The DISCOVER-ME consortium is led by Prof Eva Untersmayr at the University of Vienna, but includes partners from multiple European countries.
A brief thread...
#MECFS
2) The project will prioritise biomarkers across (epi)genetic, immune, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and vascular domains.
It will phenotype 2,000 patients and perform multi-omics profiling on >900 samples from five European biobanks.
It will phenotype 2,000 patients and perform multi-omics profiling on >900 samples from five European biobanks.
3) The European ME Alliance (@EUROMEALL) is involved as a patient representative.
Patient input will be included throughout the project: from co-design of phenotyping tools to surveys, stratification frameworks, and policy recommendations.
Patient input will be included throughout the project: from co-design of phenotyping tools to surveys, stratification frameworks, and policy recommendations.
This is a stunning level of hypocrisy.
Calling 3/4 of American voters (including 2/3 of Democratic voters) bigots for holding a belief you yourself hold is showing contempt for those in whose name you govern.
@sethmoulton @RepMoulton
Calling 3/4 of American voters (including 2/3 of Democratic voters) bigots for holding a belief you yourself hold is showing contempt for those in whose name you govern.
@sethmoulton @RepMoulton
This is the NYT/Ipsos poll that came out right after @sethmoulton gave those remarks to the @nytimes.
Note that the question focused on the issue. No mention of Trump or of whether it should be done by the courts.
Moulton is now challenging @SenMarkey in a Senate primary.
Note that the question focused on the issue. No mention of Trump or of whether it should be done by the courts.
Moulton is now challenging @SenMarkey in a Senate primary.
@sethmoulton @nytimes @SenMarkey One year after his NYT comments, following political blowback from MassEquality and other transgender advocacy groups in his state, Moulton said: “I’ve listened, I’ve learned.”
🧵1- یکی از نکات جالب مورد بحث در مقالۀ تامسون، بازتاب شخصیت سلمان فارسی در منابع ارمنی است. منابع ارمنی از معدود سنتهای غیر اسلامیاند که به شخصیت سلمان با ذکر نام اشاره دارند؛ با این حال، سلمان در این روایتها نقشی متفاوت در شکلگیری اسلام نخستین و نگارش قرآن مییابد.
2- مهمترین ارجاع به سلمان در منابع ارمنی در کتاب توماس آرتسرونی به نام «تاریخ خاندان آرتسرونی» از سدۀ دهم م. دیده میشود. این اثر، به طور کلی حاوی روایاتی گاه منحصربه فرد از ظهور اسلام و محمد است، از جمله نقش سلمان فارسی در نگارش قرآن.
3- «در همان روزگار، در نواحی پارس، گوشهنشینی بود که او را شاگردی بود موسوم به سلمان (Սաղման). چون هنگام وفات آن زاهد فرا رسید، سلمان را چنین وصیت کرد و گفت:»
Hay follón entre estadounidenses y europeos con que si usamos mucho o poco o nada el aire acondicionado.
Pues mirad lo que os digo, hace 2400 años, en Persia, ya inventaron una manera de refrescarse: fabricaban hielo EN EL DESIERTO.
Esta es la historia:
Imaginad los desiertos de el Dasht-e Kavir y el Dasht-e Lut, en la actual Irán. Son extensiones donde el día castiga con cuarenta grados largos y la tierra parece el recuerdo de un mar que se evaporó de pura desesperación. Imaginad ahora, brotando de la arena parda, una colina de barro con forma de colmena gigante o de teta apuntando al cielo, una cosa con pinta de cosa-que-no-debería-estar-ahí y sin embargo está, lleva siglos estando. Es un yakhchāl, palabra que significa, literalmente, pozo de hielo.
Y dentro de la cúpula, que es de adobe, en mitad del horno, los persas fabricaban hielo. Lo hacían nacer de la noche y de una elegantísima comprensión de la física. Insisto, hace dos mil cuatrocientos años.
El truco era no luchar contra el desierto sino aliarse con su peor enemigo secreto, que es el propio desierto. Porque el desierto es como el matón de una peli americana de institutos, esto es, tiene una debilidad: de noche, cuando el sol se pone, el cielo seco y despejado se convierte en un sumidero. El calor del suelo se escapa hacia arriba, hacia el espacio negro, sin vapor de agua que lo retenga, y la temperatura se desploma. Enfriamiento radiativo, lo llaman los manuales. Venganza nocturna, lo llamaría yo.
El agua se vertía en pozas poco profundas, resguardada por muros orientados de este a oeste que la mantenía en sombra durante el día asesino, y perdía calor hacia el cielo nocturno hasta congelarse. A veces ayudaban sembrando un bloque de hielo traído de las montañas, una semilla de frío, para que el resto cuajara antes. Y al amanecer cortaban las láminas heladas y las bajaban a una cámara subterránea, una suerte de vientre del yakhchāl, donde aguantaban el verano entero.
Porque el vientre era la otra mitad del prodigio. Muros de hasta dos metros de grosor en la base, levantados con sarooj, un mortero de arena, arcilla, clara de huevo, cal, ceniza y pelo de cabra mezclados en proporciones precisas, impermeable y reacio al calor como un monje al pecado.
Bajo tierra, un hueco que en los pozos grandes podía alcanzar miles de metros cúbicos. Arriba, la cúpula con un orificio en lo alto para que el aire caliente se escapara por arriba y arrastrara consigo el bochorno, dejando el fondo frío y quieto.
Porque aquellos persas no conocían la termodinámica pero no tenían la palabra termodinámica, no tenían la palabra albedo, no tenían a Carnot ni a Clausius ni los gráficos del programa Copernicus que hoy nos dicen que Europa se calienta al doble de velocidad que hace cien años. Pero tenían barro, sombra, agua, paciencia y una observación feroz del cielo. Y con eso fabricaban hielo en el infierno.
Nosotros, que sí tenemos la termodinámica entera, que sabemos exactamente por qué la noche del desierto enfría y por qué la dorsal atmosférica nos asa, respondemos a la canícula encendiendo aparatos que devuelven al aire más calor del que extraen de la habitación, exportando el problema al pasillo, a la calle, a la atmósfera, al año que viene, a nuestros hijos y a los hijos de nuestros hijos. Compramos frío a plazos y no somos conscientes de lo que pagamos a cambio.
Mientras, los yakhchāl siguen en pie, pero ya no se usan. Algunos se conservan por su evidente valor antropológico pero fueron jubilados con la invención del frigorífico—que en persa, por cierto, también se llama yakhchāl, ironía perfecta—. Cuando los miras en fotos, ahí en medio de los desiertos de Irán, nos recuerdan que hubo una vez una manera de combatir el calor que no consistía en fabricar más calor, a veces solo era necesario mirar arriba para entender el cielo nocturno.
Pues mirad lo que os digo, hace 2400 años, en Persia, ya inventaron una manera de refrescarse: fabricaban hielo EN EL DESIERTO.
Esta es la historia:
Imaginad los desiertos de el Dasht-e Kavir y el Dasht-e Lut, en la actual Irán. Son extensiones donde el día castiga con cuarenta grados largos y la tierra parece el recuerdo de un mar que se evaporó de pura desesperación. Imaginad ahora, brotando de la arena parda, una colina de barro con forma de colmena gigante o de teta apuntando al cielo, una cosa con pinta de cosa-que-no-debería-estar-ahí y sin embargo está, lleva siglos estando. Es un yakhchāl, palabra que significa, literalmente, pozo de hielo.
Y dentro de la cúpula, que es de adobe, en mitad del horno, los persas fabricaban hielo. Lo hacían nacer de la noche y de una elegantísima comprensión de la física. Insisto, hace dos mil cuatrocientos años.
El truco era no luchar contra el desierto sino aliarse con su peor enemigo secreto, que es el propio desierto. Porque el desierto es como el matón de una peli americana de institutos, esto es, tiene una debilidad: de noche, cuando el sol se pone, el cielo seco y despejado se convierte en un sumidero. El calor del suelo se escapa hacia arriba, hacia el espacio negro, sin vapor de agua que lo retenga, y la temperatura se desploma. Enfriamiento radiativo, lo llaman los manuales. Venganza nocturna, lo llamaría yo.
El agua se vertía en pozas poco profundas, resguardada por muros orientados de este a oeste que la mantenía en sombra durante el día asesino, y perdía calor hacia el cielo nocturno hasta congelarse. A veces ayudaban sembrando un bloque de hielo traído de las montañas, una semilla de frío, para que el resto cuajara antes. Y al amanecer cortaban las láminas heladas y las bajaban a una cámara subterránea, una suerte de vientre del yakhchāl, donde aguantaban el verano entero.
Porque el vientre era la otra mitad del prodigio. Muros de hasta dos metros de grosor en la base, levantados con sarooj, un mortero de arena, arcilla, clara de huevo, cal, ceniza y pelo de cabra mezclados en proporciones precisas, impermeable y reacio al calor como un monje al pecado.
Bajo tierra, un hueco que en los pozos grandes podía alcanzar miles de metros cúbicos. Arriba, la cúpula con un orificio en lo alto para que el aire caliente se escapara por arriba y arrastrara consigo el bochorno, dejando el fondo frío y quieto.
Porque aquellos persas no conocían la termodinámica pero no tenían la palabra termodinámica, no tenían la palabra albedo, no tenían a Carnot ni a Clausius ni los gráficos del programa Copernicus que hoy nos dicen que Europa se calienta al doble de velocidad que hace cien años. Pero tenían barro, sombra, agua, paciencia y una observación feroz del cielo. Y con eso fabricaban hielo en el infierno.
Nosotros, que sí tenemos la termodinámica entera, que sabemos exactamente por qué la noche del desierto enfría y por qué la dorsal atmosférica nos asa, respondemos a la canícula encendiendo aparatos que devuelven al aire más calor del que extraen de la habitación, exportando el problema al pasillo, a la calle, a la atmósfera, al año que viene, a nuestros hijos y a los hijos de nuestros hijos. Compramos frío a plazos y no somos conscientes de lo que pagamos a cambio.
Mientras, los yakhchāl siguen en pie, pero ya no se usan. Algunos se conservan por su evidente valor antropológico pero fueron jubilados con la invención del frigorífico—que en persa, por cierto, también se llama yakhchāl, ironía perfecta—. Cuando los miras en fotos, ahí en medio de los desiertos de Irán, nos recuerdan que hubo una vez una manera de combatir el calor que no consistía en fabricar más calor, a veces solo era necesario mirar arriba para entender el cielo nocturno.
Aquí un esquema del enfriamiento radiativo de las pozas y del yakhchal usado como nevera para el hielo.
(Por cierto, hay una errata evidente en mi texto. Sobra un no y el párrafo debería quedar así: "Porque aquellos persas conocían la termodinámica pero no tenían la palabra termodinámica...")
Can One Peptide Reduce Visceral Fat and Promote Longevity? 🧵
1/5) Tesamorelin is a peptide shown in randomized controlled human trials to reduce visceral fat by ~20%.
But that may be one of its least interesting effects.
Stick around to the end for the big reveal…
1/5) Tesamorelin is a peptide shown in randomized controlled human trials to reduce visceral fat by ~20%.
But that may be one of its least interesting effects.
Stick around to the end for the big reveal…
2/5) Tesamorelin is a growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog.
Rather than supplying growth hormone directly, it nudges your pituitary to release more of your own.
That can:
• Support lean muscle
• Reduce visceral fat
• Improve body composition
But there's more.
Rather than supplying growth hormone directly, it nudges your pituitary to release more of your own.
That can:
• Support lean muscle
• Reduce visceral fat
• Improve body composition
But there's more.
3/5) Growth hormone has a fascinating two-way relationship with deep sleep.
😴 Deep sleep increases growth hormone release.
🧠 Growth hormone also appears to promote deeper, more restorative sleep.
That may help explain why some people using tesamorelin report better sleep efficiency.
😴 Deep sleep increases growth hormone release.
🧠 Growth hormone also appears to promote deeper, more restorative sleep.
That may help explain why some people using tesamorelin report better sleep efficiency.
On the Dangers of Foreign Influence Within - a 🧵
A thread on enduring warnings about foreigners, foreign influence, and the need for caution or restrictions — from ancient Greece through the inGlorious Revolution, the Founding Fathers, and into modern jurisprudence. One quote per tweet, in rough chronological order. 1/17
A thread on enduring warnings about foreigners, foreign influence, and the need for caution or restrictions — from ancient Greece through the inGlorious Revolution, the Founding Fathers, and into modern jurisprudence. One quote per tweet, in rough chronological order. 1/17
Aristotle, Politics (c. 350 BC): And it is a mark of a tyrant to have men of foreign extraction rather than citizens as guests at table and companions, feeling that citizens are hostile but strangers make no claim against him. 2/17
Plato, Laws (c. 360 BC): The ideal city must impose strict limits on foreign visitors and resident metics, because unchecked external influences and “disorderly tastes” corrupt stable laws, customs, and virtue. 3/17
Good afternoon. This is the afternoon session of July 1st, in the claim at employment tribunal by Samantha Tempest v DEFRA & Rural Payments Agency. The morning's session is reported here
Our substack page about the case is and contains a full list of our abbreviations, and coverage of the earlier days of the hearing.tribunaltweets.substack.com/p/tempest-vs-d…
The court is currently taking a lunch break, and will restart at 14:05. Naomi Cunningham (NC) will continue cross-examination of claimant Samantha Tempest (ST).
@Camille69007 1/n
Vous vous moquez, mais votre naïveté est précisément ce qui permet aux ingénieries sociales de prospérer. Vous croyez au texte de loi ? Moi, je regarde les trajectoires. Et les trajectoires, elles, s’écrivent dans la fiction bien avant de s’incarner dans le réel.
Vous vous moquez, mais votre naïveté est précisément ce qui permet aux ingénieries sociales de prospérer. Vous croyez au texte de loi ? Moi, je regarde les trajectoires. Et les trajectoires, elles, s’écrivent dans la fiction bien avant de s’incarner dans le réel.
@Camille69007 2/n
Alors prenez vos classiques, et écoutez ce que j’ai à dire.
1. Le climat et les pénuries : l’arme de contrôle massive ( 1984 + Soleil Vert )
Chez Orwell, la guerre perpétuelle n’a pas d’autre but que de consommer les surplus et de maintenir la peur. Ici, remplacez « guerre »
Alors prenez vos classiques, et écoutez ce que j’ai à dire.
1. Le climat et les pénuries : l’arme de contrôle massive ( 1984 + Soleil Vert )
Chez Orwell, la guerre perpétuelle n’a pas d’autre but que de consommer les surplus et de maintenir la peur. Ici, remplacez « guerre »
@Camille69007 3/n
par « urgence climatique ». On vous serine que le monde s’effondre, donc on vous impose des restrictions, des quotas, des déplacements contrôlés. La pénurie n’est pas une fatalité, c’est un levier politique. Dans Soleil Vert, la surpopulation justifie le cannibalisme
par « urgence climatique ». On vous serine que le monde s’effondre, donc on vous impose des restrictions, des quotas, des déplacements contrôlés. La pénurie n’est pas une fatalité, c’est un levier politique. Dans Soleil Vert, la surpopulation justifie le cannibalisme