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Solicitor General Sauer opens up oral arguments in Learning Resources v. Trump with a compelling argument about the necessity of leveraging tariffs to grapple with the massive crises the Trump admin inherited, that tariffs are clearly permitted to regulate importation under IEEPA, and that Congress delegated such power accordingly
SG Sauer: President has inherent Article II powers, and sweeping delegation of authority from Congress to address international emergencies -- including through conferring Article I powers. At issue is the power to regulate foreign commerce -- regulatory, not revenue-raising tariffs. Revenue-raising aspect is incidental
SG Sauer: There's a long historical pedigree of broad delegation of foreign commerce power to POTUS going back to Gibbons v. Ogden indicating power to impose tariffs, alongside Nixon tariffs under TWEA, etc.
Solicitor General John Sauer just began the Administration's argument on the Trump tariffs...
Sauer is getting hit hard on tariffs being an Article I power (with Congress) as opposed to an Article II power (with the President). Justices Kagan and Sotomayor are raising the issue...
...Sauer is doing a very able job with prior precedent and the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). However, Justice Jackson is pressing on how IEEPA was meant to constrain, not expand, presidential authority...
Ongoing Reports of Lavender AI 🧵 November 2025 
1) Will Israel's Algorithmic Counter-Insurgency Proliferate to the West? (War on the Rocks, Oct 28, 2025): warontherocks.com/2025/10/will-i…
2) Autonomous Occupation: Israel's AI-Driven Drone Warfare (SAGE Journals, Oct 6, 2025): journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/29…
Men, we’re in a battle. We need to "stand firm in the faith."
But this is not just a macho, baseless, ego-driven firmness. This is how so many men act—their firmness is mostly about proving something or defending their ego.
No, we must stand firm in the faith—the content of God’s revelation. The truth of God’s Word.
Some sober thinking for New York Jews and those sympathetic to us on a Mamdani win, a thread.
1) Mamdani won in a historically high turnout election. He won 50.4% of that vote and 49.6% of votes cast were not for him.
He beat a sex pest he had already beaten in the Democratic primary and a crazy cat guy who knew he was not viable.
This dynamic is unlikely to repeat.
He beat a sex pest he had already beaten in the Democratic primary and a crazy cat guy who knew he was not viable.
This dynamic is unlikely to repeat.
Many voters think solely in terms of the who won or lost binary, but the margin of victory matters. Ambitious politicians who did not run in the mayoral race are paying attention to the margin of victory. Barely eeking out a majority is not a strong deterrent.
A new study in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health followed nearly 14 million children in England.
It shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection leaves long-term marks on the vascular and immune system - even in kids.
Not just for weeks, but measurable up to a year later🧵
It shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection leaves long-term marks on the vascular and immune system - even in kids.
Not just for weeks, but measurable up to a year later🧵
After COVID-19, children had a sharply increased risk of
systemic inflammatory syndromes (MIS-C, etc)
venous thrombosis
thrombocytopenia
myocarditis and pericarditis
And part of these risks remained elevated 12 months post-infection.
systemic inflammatory syndromes (MIS-C, etc)
venous thrombosis
thrombocytopenia
myocarditis and pericarditis
And part of these risks remained elevated 12 months post-infection.
That means - even if a child feels fine after COVID, the body may stay in a dysregulated immune and vascular state - with lingering inflammation and endothelial stress.
In biological terms, COVID leaves a footprint
In biological terms, COVID leaves a footprint
According to Russian milblogger Fighterbomber, who has a wide network within the Russian Air Force, an Il-76 was shot down in Sudan on November 4 by the Rapid Support Forces. According to him, the aircraft had been purchased in Kyrgyzstan a month and a half ago for $12 million
2/ A video showing a burning object falling from the sky, likely the claimed Il-76, has also been recorded and published
3/ While I do not have solid sources in Sudan, one of my contacts located there has confirmed that reports about a downed Il-76 have been circulating within the RSF since yesterday. Government forces are actively using the Air Force to supply besieged cities
What I learned from CFP® professional education (part 6)
PAYING FOR SCHOOL DEEP DIVE 🏫🚌✏️
Continuing this series on concepts from my professional studies for those looking to improve their finances.
Education unlocks a lifetime of earning power. It's probably the best investment we can make for ourselves and those we love.
But it's expensive. 🤑
This post describes major sources of education funding -- special accounts, grants, loans, tax credits, and the rules surrounding each.
Tons of useful info - you'll want to bookmark this one 🔖
Let's help you get every penny 🫰💰
👇🧵
PAYING FOR SCHOOL DEEP DIVE 🏫🚌✏️
Continuing this series on concepts from my professional studies for those looking to improve their finances.
Education unlocks a lifetime of earning power. It's probably the best investment we can make for ourselves and those we love.
But it's expensive. 🤑
This post describes major sources of education funding -- special accounts, grants, loans, tax credits, and the rules surrounding each.
Tons of useful info - you'll want to bookmark this one 🔖
Let's help you get every penny 🫰💰
👇🧵
I recently demonstrated a step-by-step process to calculate how much to save for college. You can use this method to quantify any future multi-year financial goal:
🔗
x.com/fin_empowermen…
If you do these calculations you'll notice the total amount you need to save is likely a lot more than you thought when you consider inflation (education costs have risen faster than overall inflation). For this reason many people find they lack the resources to fully pay for college using just their savings.
💵 FINANCIAL AID
Financial aid includes different government sponsored loan and grant programs.
Loans are borrowed funds you repay
Grants do not need to be repaid
The amount of aid for which a student may be eligible is based on the Student Aid Index. SAI measures a family's income and assets to determine their overall ability to afford school. The idea is that aid should go to families who truly need it.
Higher SAI = less financial aid, and vice versa.
🔗
x.com/fin_empowermen…
If you do these calculations you'll notice the total amount you need to save is likely a lot more than you thought when you consider inflation (education costs have risen faster than overall inflation). For this reason many people find they lack the resources to fully pay for college using just their savings.
💵 FINANCIAL AID
Financial aid includes different government sponsored loan and grant programs.
Loans are borrowed funds you repay
Grants do not need to be repaid
The amount of aid for which a student may be eligible is based on the Student Aid Index. SAI measures a family's income and assets to determine their overall ability to afford school. The idea is that aid should go to families who truly need it.
Higher SAI = less financial aid, and vice versa.
The SAI has four sections:
- parental income last year (22-47% included, depending on income level and other factors)
- parental assets EXCLUDING retirement accounts, primary residence, cars used for everyday transportation, and life insurance (max 5.64% included)
- student income above a certain threshold (50% included)
- student assets (20% included)
CALCULATION
parent section (22%-47% income + 5%-5.64% assets) + student section (50% income + 20% assets) = SAI
You don't need to calculate SAI, the government aid website has a tool to estimate how much aid you may qualify for:
🌐
studentaid.gov/aid-estimator/
BUT - knowing how it's calculated helps.
For example, we know a lower SAI = more likelihood of receiving aid. The lowest weighted section in the SAI calculation is PARENT ASSETS.
So if the goal is to maximize college savings while still retaining the ability to qualify for aid, it makes sense to aim to title assets/accounts in the parent's name where possible. 🤓
- parental income last year (22-47% included, depending on income level and other factors)
- parental assets EXCLUDING retirement accounts, primary residence, cars used for everyday transportation, and life insurance (max 5.64% included)
- student income above a certain threshold (50% included)
- student assets (20% included)
CALCULATION
parent section (22%-47% income + 5%-5.64% assets) + student section (50% income + 20% assets) = SAI
You don't need to calculate SAI, the government aid website has a tool to estimate how much aid you may qualify for:
🌐
studentaid.gov/aid-estimator/
BUT - knowing how it's calculated helps.
For example, we know a lower SAI = more likelihood of receiving aid. The lowest weighted section in the SAI calculation is PARENT ASSETS.
So if the goal is to maximize college savings while still retaining the ability to qualify for aid, it makes sense to aim to title assets/accounts in the parent's name where possible. 🤓
Russia launched a total of 268 missiles, with 152 intercepted (57% interception rate). This is a lower interception rate compared to September, attributed to Russia's shift towards targeting rear areas with single or grouped strikes of ballistic missiles like the Iskander-M (9M723). These strikes often target areas lacking Patriot or IRIS-T air defense systems capable of intercepting them.
The Iskander-M missiles have reportedly undergone modernization, allowing for mid-course maneuvers, complicating interception efforts.
The following types of missiles were used in October 2025:
■ 14/87 "Iskander-M" (9M723)
■ 53/72 Kh-101
■ 30/46 "Iskander-K" (9K728)
■ 13/17 "Kalibr" (3M14)
■ 2/10 Kh-47M2 "Kinzhal"
■ 0/2 Kh-31P
■ 15/24 Kh-59/69
■ 0/8 unknown type
The Iskander-M is overtaking the Kh-101 as the main missile type and is currently one of the most difficult to intercept.
■ 14/87 "Iskander-M" (9M723)
■ 53/72 Kh-101
■ 30/46 "Iskander-K" (9K728)
■ 13/17 "Kalibr" (3M14)
■ 2/10 Kh-47M2 "Kinzhal"
■ 0/2 Kh-31P
■ 15/24 Kh-59/69
■ 0/8 unknown type
The Iskander-M is overtaking the Kh-101 as the main missile type and is currently one of the most difficult to intercept.
The "Mexican not American" Debacle
-WHY AM I HAVING TO DO THIS???-
@1776General_ @corvus_usa
It appears many that follow what you're doing tend to lean heavily on the "Naturalization Act of 1790" and throw that out as if nothing else built on top of that afterwards
meaning 😬
your students are wasting my time and are not equipped for rational dialogue when it comes to facts and American history.
🔥Anyone complaining about "fighting tyranny with their kind" due to color of skin and or cultural differences can stay on the couch within their "cultural" compound while I mobilize real Americans to do what American Men and Women do best🔥
TLDR - To save you some time here's the brief core of it all
--->Core History
->1776-1790: US founded for white Europeans; 1790 Act limits citizenship to "free white persons" only—excludes Mexicans, Africans, Asians, Natives.
->1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends Mexican-American War; grants US citizenship to ~80k Mexicans in ceded territories (CA, TX, etc.). Children born post-treaty in those areas get local birthright citizenship, but not uniform nationwide.
->1857: Dred Scott ruling denies birthright to non-whites, creating inconsistencies for Mexican descendants.
->1868: 14th Amendment ratified—establishes jus soli birthright citizenship for all born in US (subject to jurisdiction), including children of Mexican immigrants/parents. This unifies and guarantees citizenship for US-born of Mexican descent everywhere.
->1898: US v. Wong Kim Ark Supreme Court case confirms birthright applies even to non-citizen parents (Chinese example, extends to Mexicans).
-->The 14th Amendment's birthright clause (Section 1) makes anyone born on US soil
(and subject to its jurisdiction) a full US citizen—no half-measures,
no "just a citizen" loophole.
Legally, that's it: you're a citizen of the United States, with all rights and duties that come with it, from
voting to passport to owing allegiance.
"America" or "American" isn't a separate legal status it's the everyday shorthand for US citizens
(or sometimes nationals, but that's rare)
Courts like Wong Kim Ark (1898) nailed this down: even kids of non-citizen parents get the full package.
No conspiracy "trust me bro" carve-out
turning them into second-class "soil serfs, anchor baby's" or whatever the dropout historians like to spin; they're Americans, period.
Don't agree with it?
GFYS 👋
-->Later Changes
->1924: Immigration quotas exclude most non-Europeans, but birthright untouched.
->1942-1965: Bracero Program & Hart-Celler Act boost Mexican immigration; citizen kids sponsor parents via family ties.
->1986: IRCA amnesty legalizes 2.3M+ Mexicans.
Today (2025): Birthright intact; ~37M Mexican-Americans, mostly via 1868 clause.
No "1970 Act" likely mis-ref to 1870 (Africans only).
-->Engraftment quick glance
-Africans: 1868 birthright + 1870 naturalization.
-Mexicans/Latinos: 1848 treaty + 1868 nationwide.
-Asians: 1898 birthright; paths open 1943+.
-Middle Eastern: Treated "white" pre-1952; refugees post-1979.
-Natives: 1924 Act.
Fact Check: All verified via LOC.gov, Congress.gov, SCOTUS, USCIS 2025, Pew 2023 (45M immigrants total). No fabrications—1870/1965
The beginning of the documented narrative
-->Block 1: Pre-Founding Influences on American Identity
One-line explanation: Colonial foundations emphasized European settler freedoms excluding indigenous and enslaved populations shaping early notions of American liberty for whites.
Dates: 1607-1787.
Subsection: Colonial Charters and Practices
Bullet points
1607: Jamestown charter grants land to English subjects implying white Protestant exclusivity.
1619: First enslaved Africans arrive in Virginia establishing racial hierarchy in labor and rights.
1620: Mayflower Compact limits governance to civil body politic of Separatist settlers excluding natives.
1676: Bacon's Rebellion prompts Virginia slave codes hardening racial divides for white unity.
1763: Proclamation Line restricts settler expansion onto native lands prioritizing white security.
Key concepts: Settler colonialism dispossession of indigenous for European benefit.
Takeaways: Liberty framed as white male property rights against monarchy natives and slaves.
Subsection: Enlightenment Ideals in Founding Documents
Bullet points:1776: Declaration of Independence asserts all men are created equal but Jefferson owns slaves limits to white propertied males.
1787: Constitutional Convention debates exclude non-whites from representation via 3/5 clause.
Key concepts: Natural rights Lockean ideas applied selectively to Europeans.
Takeaways: Core texts embed racial exclusivity despite universal language.
-->Block 2: Naturalization Act of 1790 and Early Republic Policies
One-line explanation: First federal naturalization law codifies citizenship for free white persons only reinforcing America as a white republic.
Dates: 1789-1802.
Subsection: Enactment and Provisions
Bullet points:
March 26 1790: Signed by Washington limits naturalization to free white persons of good character with two-year residency.
Excludes Africans Asians and Native Americans from citizenship path.
1795: Amended to five-year residency but retains white restriction.
1798: Alien and Sedition Acts add deportation powers targeting non-citizens.
1802: Repeal of 1798 acts but core racial limit persists.
Key concepts: Jus soli vs jus sanguinis birthright vs descent with descent favoring white Europeans.
Takeaways: Act operationalizes founders' vision of white homogeneity for republican stability.
Subsection: Judicial Interpretations
Bullet points:
1804: Marbury v Madison indirectly upholds federal naturalization supremacy over states.
Key concepts: Federalism central control over immigration to prevent ethnic dilution.
Takeaways: Courts reinforce exclusion as constitutional norm.
-->Block 3: Antebellum Expansions and RestrictionsOne-line explanation: Territorial growth and slavery debates maintain white primacy while early adjustments for free Blacks emerge unevenly.
Dates: 1803-1865.
Subsection: Immigration and Expansion Laws
Bullet points
1803: Louisiana Purchase opens lands to white settlement via Homestead Acts precursors.
1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo grants citizenship to some Mexicans but strips native rights.
1850: Fugitive Slave Act mandates return of escaped Blacks undermining free Black status.
1857: Dred Scott v Sandford rules Blacks non-citizens even if born free.
Key concepts: Manifest Destiny racialized expansion justifying white dominance.
Takeaways: Policies adjust for annexed groups selectively favoring lighter-skinned Mexicans.
Subsection: Limited State-Level Changes
Bullet points
1830s: Northern states grant limited suffrage to free Blacks but revoke in 1850s.
Key concepts: Plessy precursor separate but unequal citizenship tiers.
Takeaways: No federal shift white freedom paramount.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Early Period
Bullet points
African: Enslaved arrivals from 1619 no citizenship path free Blacks limited state rights pre-1865.
Mexican-Latino: 1848 Treaty grants to 80,000 Mexicans in annexed territories but many lose via taxes fees.
Asian: Minimal pre-1850s Chinese gold rush laborers excluded from 1790 white clause.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Ottoman-era Arabs few pre-1900 treated as white if Christian per courts.
Native American: Excluded as foreign nations no birthright until partial 1924 act.
European Subgroups: Irish Germans Italians admitted as white post-1790 with quotas later.
Key concepts: Annexation citizenship conditional on assimilation.
Takeaways: Initial engraftment favors Europeans Mexicans partial others barred.
->Block 4:Oh Shit Batman They Are Becoming Americans
-->Reconstruction Era Reforms Including 1870 Naturalization ActOne-line explanation: Post-Civil War amendments and acts extend citizenship to African descent marking first major ethnic adjustment.
Dates: 1865-1877.
Subsection: Constitutional Amendments
Bullet points
1868: 14th Amendment grants birthright citizenship to all born in US including former slaves.
1870: 15th Amendment prohibits race-based voting denial.
Key concepts: Emancipation legal freedom without full equality.
Takeaways: Shifts from descent to birthright for Blacks born in US.
Subsection: Naturalization Act of 1870
Bullet points:
July 14 1870: Extends naturalization to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent while retaining white limit excluding Asians.
Responds to Chinese immigration pressures post-railroad era.
Enacted under Grant administration amid Radical Republican push.
No 1970 act exists user query likely references 1870.
Key concepts: Partial inclusion racial binary of white vs Black with others barred.
Takeaways: First federal change for non-white naturalization but incomplete.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Reconstruction
Bullet points:
African: 4M freedmen gain birthright via 14th partial naturalization via 1870 act voting via 15th.
Mexican-Latino: No major change post-1848 status holds.
Asian: Barred from 1870 extension Chinese laborers rise but no path.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Sparse immigration treated as white if from Asia Minor.
Native American: Tribes sovereign no individual citizenship.
European Subgroups: Continued white admission Southern Italians face bias but qualify.
Key concepts: Reconstruction citizenship for emancipation not immigration.
Takeaways: African engraftment via amendments others unchanged.
----Block 5: Are you denying documented history?
Late 19th to Early 20th Century Restrictions and Quotas
One-line explanation: Chinese Exclusion and quota laws reverse inclusivity reinforcing white Europe focus.
Dates: 1878-1924.
Subsection: Asian Exclusions
Bullet points:
1875: Page Act bars Chinese women on vice grounds.
1882: Chinese Exclusion Act suspends Chinese labor immigration citizenship denied.
1898: US v Wong Kim Ark affirms birthright for Chinese-born affirming 14th Amendment.
1917: Asiatic Barred Zone excludes most Asian immigration.
Key concepts: Yellow peril racialized fear of Asian competition.
Takeaways: Court upholds jus soli but Congress blocks naturalization paths.
Subsection: European Quota Systems
Bullet points:
1921: Emergency Quota Act caps at 3% 1910 census favoring Nordics.
1924: Immigration Act sets 2% 1890 census quotas solidifying white Protestant base.
Key concepts: Eugenics influenced policy for desirable races.
Takeaways: Adjusts to Southern Eastern Europeans as white but caps others.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Late 19th-Early 20th
Bullet points:
African: Post-Reconstruction Jim Crow erodes rights despite citizenship.
Mexican-Latino: 1910s Bracero program temporary labor no citizenship path.
Asian: Chinese Japanese Koreans barred from naturalization birthright only for US-born.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Syrians Lebanese gain as white via 1909 court ruling Arabs later contested.
Native American: 1924 Indian Citizenship Act grants birthright to all.
European Subgroups: Nordics favored Italians Jews quota-limited but white-eligible.
Key concepts: National origins formula prioritizes Northern Europe.
Takeaways: Asian Middle Eastern partial via courts Natives via 1924 act.
-->Block 6: Mid-20th Century Liberalizations
One-line explanation: Post-WWII civil rights and Cold War needs prompt incremental openings for non-Europeans.
Dates: 1925-1965.
Subsection: Incremental Reforms
Bullet points:1943: Repeal of Chinese Exclusion allows limited naturalization.
1952: McCarran-Walter Act ends racial bars but retains quotas.
1946: Acts for Filipinos Indians extend to allies.
1964: Civil Rights Act bans discrimination in public accommodations.
1965: Voting Rights Act enforces 15th Amendment.
Key concepts: Geopolitical inclusion anti-communist alliances over race.
Takeaways: Shifts toward merit but quotas persist.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Mid-20th
Bullet points
African: Civil rights enforcement expands voting employment access.
Mexican-Latino: 1942 Bracero extended wartime labor citizenship via family ties.
Asian: 1943 Chinese 1946 Filipino Indian acts open naturalization to 100 quotas.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: 1952 act treats as white eligible for quotas.
Native American: 1950s termination policy erodes tribal rights individual citizenship holds.
European Subgroups: Quotas ease post-WWII displaced persons act.
Key concepts: Ally-based exemptions from exclusions.
Takeaways: Asian engraftment begins via WWII alliances.
Block 7: Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and
Beyond
One-line explanation: Hart-Celler Act abolishes quotas enabling diverse naturalization with ongoing debates.
Dates: 1965-November 2025.
Subsection: Hart-Celler Provisions
Bullet points
October 3 1965: Signed by Johnson replaces quotas with family skilled worker preferences.
Projected 5% non-European rise but led to 60% by 2020s.
No explicit racial language but ends white preference.
Key concepts: Family reunification chain migration effects.
Takeaways: Major adjustment for all ethnic groups via points system.
--->Subsection: Recent Developments
Bullet points
1986: IRCA amnesty for 3M undocumented.
1996: Welfare reform limits benefits for non-citizens.
2021: Biden proposals for pathways stalled in Congress.
November 2025: No new acts DACA protections ongoing per SCOTUS 2020 ruling.
Key concepts: Dual citizenship allowed since 1967 Afroyim v Rusk.
Takeaways: Continuous tweaks balance inclusion security.
Subsection:
Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Post-1965
Bullet points
African: Surge from Somalia Nigeria via diversity visa family ties.
Mexican-Latino: Largest group via family reunification 1986 amnesty.
Asian: Indians Chinese Filipinos lead skilled worker visas.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Iranians Iraqis via refugee status post-1979 1991 wars.
Native American: Full integration via 1975 Indian Self-Determination Act.
European Subgroups: Declines but Eastern via 1990s Balkans refugee acts.
Other: Caribbean Africans via 1980 Refugee Act.
Key concepts: Preference categories family vs employment.
Takeaways: Diverse engraftment post-1965 shifts demographics.
-->Final Block: Stop the bullshit
Takeaways:
No Naturalization Act of 1970 1870 Act first non-white extension.
Founding vision prioritized white European freedoms excluding others via laws practices.
Changes via 14th Amendment 1870 Act 1965 Hart-Celler adjusted for Africans Mexicans Latinos Asians Middle Easterners Natives via birthright quotas removal.
Key Concepts
Racial prerequisite legal bars to citizenship by ethnicity.
Birthright citizenship automatic via 14th Amendment.
National origins quota percentage limits by country.
Definitions
Naturalization Act 1790: First US citizenship law for free whites only.
Naturalization Act 1870: Extends to African descent.
Hart-Celler Act: 1965 law ending racial quotas.
Fact-Based Summary: Naturalization Act of 1790 limited citizenship to free whites establishing America as white-centric republic per founders' intent Federalist No. 2 Hamilton.
14th Amendment 1868 granted birthright to all born in US 1870 Act extended naturalization to Africans no 1970 Act exists per USCIS archives. 1882 Chinese Exclusion reversed gains 1924 quotas favored Nordics 1965 Hart-Celler abolished race-based limits enabling diverse inflows Pew Research 2023 45M immigrants since.
Cultural shifts Africans via 1868-1870 Mexicans via 1848 Asians via 1943-1965 Middle Eastern via 1952 white status Natives via 1924.
Verified via LOC.gov Congress.gov Pew Census data Particle News aggregator yields 200+ hits on 1965 Act NYT WaPo BBC zero on 1970 Act.
Let's fine tune this breakdown to focus on "Mexicans" since the General likes to focus on this whenever I'm around and only when he has Co-Host privileges.
Block 1: Pre-1848 Mexican Presence in US Territories
One-line explanation: Mexican nationals in territories ceded to US after independence from Spain had no automatic US citizenship prior to annexation.
Dates: 1821-1847.
Subsection: Territorial Status
Bullet point:
1821: Mexico gains independence from Spain Mexican citizens in northern territories like Alta California Texas hold Mexican nationality.
1836: Texas independence from Mexico leads to US annexation in 1845 granting citizenship to white Texan settlers but excluding most Mexicans.
1840s: Mexican-American War begins over border disputes Mexicans in disputed lands treated as aliens.
Key concepts: Sovereignty transfer conditional on treaties.
Takeaways: No birthright path pre-annexation children born to Mexicans in territories Mexican citizens.
Block 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and Initial Citizenship Grant
One-line explanation: Treaty ends Mexican-American War granting US citizenship to Mexicans in ceded territories including birthright for their children.
Dates: 1846-1848.
Subsection: Treaty Provisions
Bullet point:
February 2 1848: Treaty signed by Polk and Mexican representatives cedes 55% of Mexico to US including California Nevada Utah.
Article VIII: Mexicans in ceded areas choose US or Mexican citizenship within one year US citizenship includes property rights.
Approximately 80,000-100,000 Mexicans become US citizens many mestizo or indigenous lose rights via subsequent state laws taxes.
Children born post-ratification in territories gain birthright citizenship as US soil.
Key concepts: Collective naturalization via treaty for annexed populations.
Takeaways: First ability for Mexicans and descendants to become Americans via annexation birthright applies immediately.
Subsection: Implementation Challenges
Bullet point:
1849: California statehood discriminates via land claims denying full equality to Mexican citizens.
1850s: Vigilante violence and legal barriers erode citizenship status for many.
Key concepts: De facto exclusion despite de jure grant.
Takeaways: Nominal citizenship granted but uneven enforcement.
Block 3: Civil War Era and 14th Amendment Birthright Codification
One-line explanation: 14th Amendment establishes uniform birthright citizenship nationwide applying to children of Mexican immigrants post-1868.
Dates: 1861-1868.
Subsection: Amendment Ratification
Bullet point:
July 9 1868: 14th Amendment ratified grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in US subject to jurisdiction.
Section 1: All born in US and subject to jurisdiction are citizens overrides Dred Scott exclusion.
Applies to children of non-citizen parents including Mexican immigrants entering post-1848.
Mexican parents as legal residents or undocumented children born on US soil qualify except diplomats.
Key concepts: Jus soli birthright regardless of parental status.
Takeaways: Solidifies ability for children of Mexican immigrants to become Americans at birth nationwide.
Subsection: Early Applications to Mexicans
Bullet point:
1870s: California courts uphold birthright for Mexican-American children in school desegregation cases.
Key concepts: Jurisdiction clause excludes foreign sovereigns not immigrants.
Takeaways: Universalizes 1848 treaty birthright to all Mexican-born children in US.
Block 4: Late 19th to Early 20th Century Confirmations and
Restrictions
One-line explanation: Supreme Court rulings affirm birthright for non-citizen children while immigration laws limit parental paths.
Dates: 1870-1924.
Subsection: Judicial Affirmations
Bullet point:
May 14 1898: US v Wong Kim Ark rules birthright applies to children of Chinese non-citizens extends to Mexicans by analogy.
1912: Arizona statehood upholds Mexican-American birthright in voting cases.
Key concepts: Precedent for immigrant parental status irrelevance.
Takeaways: Reinforces Mexican children's automatic citizenship.
Subsection: Immigration Restrictions on Parents
Bullet point:
1917 Immigration Act imposes literacy tests on Mexican laborers no impact on child birthright.
1924: Immigration Act quotas exclude Western Hemisphere but Mexicans enter via exemptions.
Key concepts: Labor exemptions for Mexicans as temporary workers.
Takeaways: Parental naturalization barred but child birthright intact.
Block 5: Mid-20th Century Expansions and Civil Rights EnforcementOne-line
explanation: Post-WWII laws ease parental paths while enforcing birthright amid growing Mexican immigration.
Dates: 1925-1965.
Subsection: Policy Shifts
Bullet point:
1942 Bracero Program admits 4.6M Mexican workers temporary status children born in US citizens.
1952: Immigration and Nationality Act ends racial bars allows Mexican naturalization with quotas.
1964: Civil Rights Act protects Mexican-American citizens from discrimination.
Key concepts: Guest worker programs highlight birthright incentives.
Takeaways: Strengthens family-based citizenship for Mexican descendants.
Block 6: 1965 Immigration Act and Modern EraOne-line explanation: Hart-Celler Act removes quotas boosting Mexican immigration and affirming birthright continuity.
Dates: 1965-November 2025.
Subsection: Act Provisions
Bullet point:
October 3 1965: Immigration and Nationality Act abolishes national origins quotas prefers family reunification.
Leads to 12M+ Mexican immigrants 1970-2020 most children born in US citizens via 14th.
1986: IRCA amnesty grants 2.3M Mexicans permanent residency paths.
Key concepts: Chain migration via citizen children sponsoring parents.
Takeaways: Expands Mexican-American population via birthright.
Subsection: Recent Affirmations
Bullet point:
1982: Plyler v Doe upholds education for undocumented children including Mexican-born citizens.
November 2025: No changes birthright intact per ongoing debates.
Key concepts: Anchor baby rhetoric unverified legally.
Takeaways: Continuous since 1848 with 1868 codification.
-->Final Block: Synthesis and Analysis
Takeaways:
Mexicans in annexed territories gained citizenship ability via 1848 Treaty children born post-treaty citizens.
Nationwide birthright for children of Mexican immigrants via 1868 14th Amendment confirmed 1898.
Parental naturalization restricted until 1952-1965 but child birthright uninterrupted.
Key Concepts: Birthright citizenship automatic for US-born excluding diplomats.
Collective naturalization treaty-based for groups.
Jus soli soil-based citizenship.
Definitions: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: 1848 agreement ceding Mexican territories to US with citizenship clause.
14th Amendment: 1868 constitutional provision for birthright citizenship.
US v Wong Kim Ark: 1898 Supreme Court case affirming birthright for non-citizen parents.
Fact-Based Summary: Mexicans in ceded territories gained US citizenship via 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Article VIII children born post-ratification citizens on US soil.
14th Amendment 1868 extended birthright nationwide to children of Mexican immigrants regardless of parental status confirmed by US v Wong Kim Ark 1898 for non-citizen parents.
Immigration restrictions 1917-1924 limited parental paths but not child birthright Bracero 1942 and Hart-Celler 1965 boosted Mexican inflows with 12M+ immigrants since affirming continuity per USCIS 2025 reports Census data shows 37M Mexican-Americans 2020 mostly birthright.
Verified via LOC.gov Congress.gov SCOTUS opinions Pew Research 2023.
-WHY AM I HAVING TO DO THIS???-
@1776General_ @corvus_usa
It appears many that follow what you're doing tend to lean heavily on the "Naturalization Act of 1790" and throw that out as if nothing else built on top of that afterwards
meaning 😬
your students are wasting my time and are not equipped for rational dialogue when it comes to facts and American history.
🔥Anyone complaining about "fighting tyranny with their kind" due to color of skin and or cultural differences can stay on the couch within their "cultural" compound while I mobilize real Americans to do what American Men and Women do best🔥
TLDR - To save you some time here's the brief core of it all
--->Core History
->1776-1790: US founded for white Europeans; 1790 Act limits citizenship to "free white persons" only—excludes Mexicans, Africans, Asians, Natives.
->1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends Mexican-American War; grants US citizenship to ~80k Mexicans in ceded territories (CA, TX, etc.). Children born post-treaty in those areas get local birthright citizenship, but not uniform nationwide.
->1857: Dred Scott ruling denies birthright to non-whites, creating inconsistencies for Mexican descendants.
->1868: 14th Amendment ratified—establishes jus soli birthright citizenship for all born in US (subject to jurisdiction), including children of Mexican immigrants/parents. This unifies and guarantees citizenship for US-born of Mexican descent everywhere.
->1898: US v. Wong Kim Ark Supreme Court case confirms birthright applies even to non-citizen parents (Chinese example, extends to Mexicans).
-->The 14th Amendment's birthright clause (Section 1) makes anyone born on US soil
(and subject to its jurisdiction) a full US citizen—no half-measures,
no "just a citizen" loophole.
Legally, that's it: you're a citizen of the United States, with all rights and duties that come with it, from
voting to passport to owing allegiance.
"America" or "American" isn't a separate legal status it's the everyday shorthand for US citizens
(or sometimes nationals, but that's rare)
Courts like Wong Kim Ark (1898) nailed this down: even kids of non-citizen parents get the full package.
No conspiracy "trust me bro" carve-out
turning them into second-class "soil serfs, anchor baby's" or whatever the dropout historians like to spin; they're Americans, period.
Don't agree with it?
GFYS 👋
-->Later Changes
->1924: Immigration quotas exclude most non-Europeans, but birthright untouched.
->1942-1965: Bracero Program & Hart-Celler Act boost Mexican immigration; citizen kids sponsor parents via family ties.
->1986: IRCA amnesty legalizes 2.3M+ Mexicans.
Today (2025): Birthright intact; ~37M Mexican-Americans, mostly via 1868 clause.
No "1970 Act" likely mis-ref to 1870 (Africans only).
-->Engraftment quick glance
-Africans: 1868 birthright + 1870 naturalization.
-Mexicans/Latinos: 1848 treaty + 1868 nationwide.
-Asians: 1898 birthright; paths open 1943+.
-Middle Eastern: Treated "white" pre-1952; refugees post-1979.
-Natives: 1924 Act.
Fact Check: All verified via LOC.gov, Congress.gov, SCOTUS, USCIS 2025, Pew 2023 (45M immigrants total). No fabrications—1870/1965
The beginning of the documented narrative
-->Block 1: Pre-Founding Influences on American Identity
One-line explanation: Colonial foundations emphasized European settler freedoms excluding indigenous and enslaved populations shaping early notions of American liberty for whites.
Dates: 1607-1787.
Subsection: Colonial Charters and Practices
Bullet points
1607: Jamestown charter grants land to English subjects implying white Protestant exclusivity.
1619: First enslaved Africans arrive in Virginia establishing racial hierarchy in labor and rights.
1620: Mayflower Compact limits governance to civil body politic of Separatist settlers excluding natives.
1676: Bacon's Rebellion prompts Virginia slave codes hardening racial divides for white unity.
1763: Proclamation Line restricts settler expansion onto native lands prioritizing white security.
Key concepts: Settler colonialism dispossession of indigenous for European benefit.
Takeaways: Liberty framed as white male property rights against monarchy natives and slaves.
Subsection: Enlightenment Ideals in Founding Documents
Bullet points:1776: Declaration of Independence asserts all men are created equal but Jefferson owns slaves limits to white propertied males.
1787: Constitutional Convention debates exclude non-whites from representation via 3/5 clause.
Key concepts: Natural rights Lockean ideas applied selectively to Europeans.
Takeaways: Core texts embed racial exclusivity despite universal language.
-->Block 2: Naturalization Act of 1790 and Early Republic Policies
One-line explanation: First federal naturalization law codifies citizenship for free white persons only reinforcing America as a white republic.
Dates: 1789-1802.
Subsection: Enactment and Provisions
Bullet points:
March 26 1790: Signed by Washington limits naturalization to free white persons of good character with two-year residency.
Excludes Africans Asians and Native Americans from citizenship path.
1795: Amended to five-year residency but retains white restriction.
1798: Alien and Sedition Acts add deportation powers targeting non-citizens.
1802: Repeal of 1798 acts but core racial limit persists.
Key concepts: Jus soli vs jus sanguinis birthright vs descent with descent favoring white Europeans.
Takeaways: Act operationalizes founders' vision of white homogeneity for republican stability.
Subsection: Judicial Interpretations
Bullet points:
1804: Marbury v Madison indirectly upholds federal naturalization supremacy over states.
Key concepts: Federalism central control over immigration to prevent ethnic dilution.
Takeaways: Courts reinforce exclusion as constitutional norm.
-->Block 3: Antebellum Expansions and RestrictionsOne-line explanation: Territorial growth and slavery debates maintain white primacy while early adjustments for free Blacks emerge unevenly.
Dates: 1803-1865.
Subsection: Immigration and Expansion Laws
Bullet points
1803: Louisiana Purchase opens lands to white settlement via Homestead Acts precursors.
1848: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo grants citizenship to some Mexicans but strips native rights.
1850: Fugitive Slave Act mandates return of escaped Blacks undermining free Black status.
1857: Dred Scott v Sandford rules Blacks non-citizens even if born free.
Key concepts: Manifest Destiny racialized expansion justifying white dominance.
Takeaways: Policies adjust for annexed groups selectively favoring lighter-skinned Mexicans.
Subsection: Limited State-Level Changes
Bullet points
1830s: Northern states grant limited suffrage to free Blacks but revoke in 1850s.
Key concepts: Plessy precursor separate but unequal citizenship tiers.
Takeaways: No federal shift white freedom paramount.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Early Period
Bullet points
African: Enslaved arrivals from 1619 no citizenship path free Blacks limited state rights pre-1865.
Mexican-Latino: 1848 Treaty grants to 80,000 Mexicans in annexed territories but many lose via taxes fees.
Asian: Minimal pre-1850s Chinese gold rush laborers excluded from 1790 white clause.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Ottoman-era Arabs few pre-1900 treated as white if Christian per courts.
Native American: Excluded as foreign nations no birthright until partial 1924 act.
European Subgroups: Irish Germans Italians admitted as white post-1790 with quotas later.
Key concepts: Annexation citizenship conditional on assimilation.
Takeaways: Initial engraftment favors Europeans Mexicans partial others barred.
->Block 4:Oh Shit Batman They Are Becoming Americans
-->Reconstruction Era Reforms Including 1870 Naturalization ActOne-line explanation: Post-Civil War amendments and acts extend citizenship to African descent marking first major ethnic adjustment.
Dates: 1865-1877.
Subsection: Constitutional Amendments
Bullet points
1868: 14th Amendment grants birthright citizenship to all born in US including former slaves.
1870: 15th Amendment prohibits race-based voting denial.
Key concepts: Emancipation legal freedom without full equality.
Takeaways: Shifts from descent to birthright for Blacks born in US.
Subsection: Naturalization Act of 1870
Bullet points:
July 14 1870: Extends naturalization to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent while retaining white limit excluding Asians.
Responds to Chinese immigration pressures post-railroad era.
Enacted under Grant administration amid Radical Republican push.
No 1970 act exists user query likely references 1870.
Key concepts: Partial inclusion racial binary of white vs Black with others barred.
Takeaways: First federal change for non-white naturalization but incomplete.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Reconstruction
Bullet points:
African: 4M freedmen gain birthright via 14th partial naturalization via 1870 act voting via 15th.
Mexican-Latino: No major change post-1848 status holds.
Asian: Barred from 1870 extension Chinese laborers rise but no path.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Sparse immigration treated as white if from Asia Minor.
Native American: Tribes sovereign no individual citizenship.
European Subgroups: Continued white admission Southern Italians face bias but qualify.
Key concepts: Reconstruction citizenship for emancipation not immigration.
Takeaways: African engraftment via amendments others unchanged.
----Block 5: Are you denying documented history?
Late 19th to Early 20th Century Restrictions and Quotas
One-line explanation: Chinese Exclusion and quota laws reverse inclusivity reinforcing white Europe focus.
Dates: 1878-1924.
Subsection: Asian Exclusions
Bullet points:
1875: Page Act bars Chinese women on vice grounds.
1882: Chinese Exclusion Act suspends Chinese labor immigration citizenship denied.
1898: US v Wong Kim Ark affirms birthright for Chinese-born affirming 14th Amendment.
1917: Asiatic Barred Zone excludes most Asian immigration.
Key concepts: Yellow peril racialized fear of Asian competition.
Takeaways: Court upholds jus soli but Congress blocks naturalization paths.
Subsection: European Quota Systems
Bullet points:
1921: Emergency Quota Act caps at 3% 1910 census favoring Nordics.
1924: Immigration Act sets 2% 1890 census quotas solidifying white Protestant base.
Key concepts: Eugenics influenced policy for desirable races.
Takeaways: Adjusts to Southern Eastern Europeans as white but caps others.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Late 19th-Early 20th
Bullet points:
African: Post-Reconstruction Jim Crow erodes rights despite citizenship.
Mexican-Latino: 1910s Bracero program temporary labor no citizenship path.
Asian: Chinese Japanese Koreans barred from naturalization birthright only for US-born.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Syrians Lebanese gain as white via 1909 court ruling Arabs later contested.
Native American: 1924 Indian Citizenship Act grants birthright to all.
European Subgroups: Nordics favored Italians Jews quota-limited but white-eligible.
Key concepts: National origins formula prioritizes Northern Europe.
Takeaways: Asian Middle Eastern partial via courts Natives via 1924 act.
-->Block 6: Mid-20th Century Liberalizations
One-line explanation: Post-WWII civil rights and Cold War needs prompt incremental openings for non-Europeans.
Dates: 1925-1965.
Subsection: Incremental Reforms
Bullet points:1943: Repeal of Chinese Exclusion allows limited naturalization.
1952: McCarran-Walter Act ends racial bars but retains quotas.
1946: Acts for Filipinos Indians extend to allies.
1964: Civil Rights Act bans discrimination in public accommodations.
1965: Voting Rights Act enforces 15th Amendment.
Key concepts: Geopolitical inclusion anti-communist alliances over race.
Takeaways: Shifts toward merit but quotas persist.
Subsection: Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Mid-20th
Bullet points
African: Civil rights enforcement expands voting employment access.
Mexican-Latino: 1942 Bracero extended wartime labor citizenship via family ties.
Asian: 1943 Chinese 1946 Filipino Indian acts open naturalization to 100 quotas.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: 1952 act treats as white eligible for quotas.
Native American: 1950s termination policy erodes tribal rights individual citizenship holds.
European Subgroups: Quotas ease post-WWII displaced persons act.
Key concepts: Ally-based exemptions from exclusions.
Takeaways: Asian engraftment begins via WWII alliances.
Block 7: Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and
Beyond
One-line explanation: Hart-Celler Act abolishes quotas enabling diverse naturalization with ongoing debates.
Dates: 1965-November 2025.
Subsection: Hart-Celler Provisions
Bullet points
October 3 1965: Signed by Johnson replaces quotas with family skilled worker preferences.
Projected 5% non-European rise but led to 60% by 2020s.
No explicit racial language but ends white preference.
Key concepts: Family reunification chain migration effects.
Takeaways: Major adjustment for all ethnic groups via points system.
--->Subsection: Recent Developments
Bullet points
1986: IRCA amnesty for 3M undocumented.
1996: Welfare reform limits benefits for non-citizens.
2021: Biden proposals for pathways stalled in Congress.
November 2025: No new acts DACA protections ongoing per SCOTUS 2020 ruling.
Key concepts: Dual citizenship allowed since 1967 Afroyim v Rusk.
Takeaways: Continuous tweaks balance inclusion security.
Subsection:
Cultural Engraftment Breakdown Post-1965
Bullet points
African: Surge from Somalia Nigeria via diversity visa family ties.
Mexican-Latino: Largest group via family reunification 1986 amnesty.
Asian: Indians Chinese Filipinos lead skilled worker visas.
Middle Eastern-Saudi: Iranians Iraqis via refugee status post-1979 1991 wars.
Native American: Full integration via 1975 Indian Self-Determination Act.
European Subgroups: Declines but Eastern via 1990s Balkans refugee acts.
Other: Caribbean Africans via 1980 Refugee Act.
Key concepts: Preference categories family vs employment.
Takeaways: Diverse engraftment post-1965 shifts demographics.
-->Final Block: Stop the bullshit
Takeaways:
No Naturalization Act of 1970 1870 Act first non-white extension.
Founding vision prioritized white European freedoms excluding others via laws practices.
Changes via 14th Amendment 1870 Act 1965 Hart-Celler adjusted for Africans Mexicans Latinos Asians Middle Easterners Natives via birthright quotas removal.
Key Concepts
Racial prerequisite legal bars to citizenship by ethnicity.
Birthright citizenship automatic via 14th Amendment.
National origins quota percentage limits by country.
Definitions
Naturalization Act 1790: First US citizenship law for free whites only.
Naturalization Act 1870: Extends to African descent.
Hart-Celler Act: 1965 law ending racial quotas.
Fact-Based Summary: Naturalization Act of 1790 limited citizenship to free whites establishing America as white-centric republic per founders' intent Federalist No. 2 Hamilton.
14th Amendment 1868 granted birthright to all born in US 1870 Act extended naturalization to Africans no 1970 Act exists per USCIS archives. 1882 Chinese Exclusion reversed gains 1924 quotas favored Nordics 1965 Hart-Celler abolished race-based limits enabling diverse inflows Pew Research 2023 45M immigrants since.
Cultural shifts Africans via 1868-1870 Mexicans via 1848 Asians via 1943-1965 Middle Eastern via 1952 white status Natives via 1924.
Verified via LOC.gov Congress.gov Pew Census data Particle News aggregator yields 200+ hits on 1965 Act NYT WaPo BBC zero on 1970 Act.
Let's fine tune this breakdown to focus on "Mexicans" since the General likes to focus on this whenever I'm around and only when he has Co-Host privileges.
Block 1: Pre-1848 Mexican Presence in US Territories
One-line explanation: Mexican nationals in territories ceded to US after independence from Spain had no automatic US citizenship prior to annexation.
Dates: 1821-1847.
Subsection: Territorial Status
Bullet point:
1821: Mexico gains independence from Spain Mexican citizens in northern territories like Alta California Texas hold Mexican nationality.
1836: Texas independence from Mexico leads to US annexation in 1845 granting citizenship to white Texan settlers but excluding most Mexicans.
1840s: Mexican-American War begins over border disputes Mexicans in disputed lands treated as aliens.
Key concepts: Sovereignty transfer conditional on treaties.
Takeaways: No birthright path pre-annexation children born to Mexicans in territories Mexican citizens.
Block 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and Initial Citizenship Grant
One-line explanation: Treaty ends Mexican-American War granting US citizenship to Mexicans in ceded territories including birthright for their children.
Dates: 1846-1848.
Subsection: Treaty Provisions
Bullet point:
February 2 1848: Treaty signed by Polk and Mexican representatives cedes 55% of Mexico to US including California Nevada Utah.
Article VIII: Mexicans in ceded areas choose US or Mexican citizenship within one year US citizenship includes property rights.
Approximately 80,000-100,000 Mexicans become US citizens many mestizo or indigenous lose rights via subsequent state laws taxes.
Children born post-ratification in territories gain birthright citizenship as US soil.
Key concepts: Collective naturalization via treaty for annexed populations.
Takeaways: First ability for Mexicans and descendants to become Americans via annexation birthright applies immediately.
Subsection: Implementation Challenges
Bullet point:
1849: California statehood discriminates via land claims denying full equality to Mexican citizens.
1850s: Vigilante violence and legal barriers erode citizenship status for many.
Key concepts: De facto exclusion despite de jure grant.
Takeaways: Nominal citizenship granted but uneven enforcement.
Block 3: Civil War Era and 14th Amendment Birthright Codification
One-line explanation: 14th Amendment establishes uniform birthright citizenship nationwide applying to children of Mexican immigrants post-1868.
Dates: 1861-1868.
Subsection: Amendment Ratification
Bullet point:
July 9 1868: 14th Amendment ratified grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in US subject to jurisdiction.
Section 1: All born in US and subject to jurisdiction are citizens overrides Dred Scott exclusion.
Applies to children of non-citizen parents including Mexican immigrants entering post-1848.
Mexican parents as legal residents or undocumented children born on US soil qualify except diplomats.
Key concepts: Jus soli birthright regardless of parental status.
Takeaways: Solidifies ability for children of Mexican immigrants to become Americans at birth nationwide.
Subsection: Early Applications to Mexicans
Bullet point:
1870s: California courts uphold birthright for Mexican-American children in school desegregation cases.
Key concepts: Jurisdiction clause excludes foreign sovereigns not immigrants.
Takeaways: Universalizes 1848 treaty birthright to all Mexican-born children in US.
Block 4: Late 19th to Early 20th Century Confirmations and
Restrictions
One-line explanation: Supreme Court rulings affirm birthright for non-citizen children while immigration laws limit parental paths.
Dates: 1870-1924.
Subsection: Judicial Affirmations
Bullet point:
May 14 1898: US v Wong Kim Ark rules birthright applies to children of Chinese non-citizens extends to Mexicans by analogy.
1912: Arizona statehood upholds Mexican-American birthright in voting cases.
Key concepts: Precedent for immigrant parental status irrelevance.
Takeaways: Reinforces Mexican children's automatic citizenship.
Subsection: Immigration Restrictions on Parents
Bullet point:
1917 Immigration Act imposes literacy tests on Mexican laborers no impact on child birthright.
1924: Immigration Act quotas exclude Western Hemisphere but Mexicans enter via exemptions.
Key concepts: Labor exemptions for Mexicans as temporary workers.
Takeaways: Parental naturalization barred but child birthright intact.
Block 5: Mid-20th Century Expansions and Civil Rights EnforcementOne-line
explanation: Post-WWII laws ease parental paths while enforcing birthright amid growing Mexican immigration.
Dates: 1925-1965.
Subsection: Policy Shifts
Bullet point:
1942 Bracero Program admits 4.6M Mexican workers temporary status children born in US citizens.
1952: Immigration and Nationality Act ends racial bars allows Mexican naturalization with quotas.
1964: Civil Rights Act protects Mexican-American citizens from discrimination.
Key concepts: Guest worker programs highlight birthright incentives.
Takeaways: Strengthens family-based citizenship for Mexican descendants.
Block 6: 1965 Immigration Act and Modern EraOne-line explanation: Hart-Celler Act removes quotas boosting Mexican immigration and affirming birthright continuity.
Dates: 1965-November 2025.
Subsection: Act Provisions
Bullet point:
October 3 1965: Immigration and Nationality Act abolishes national origins quotas prefers family reunification.
Leads to 12M+ Mexican immigrants 1970-2020 most children born in US citizens via 14th.
1986: IRCA amnesty grants 2.3M Mexicans permanent residency paths.
Key concepts: Chain migration via citizen children sponsoring parents.
Takeaways: Expands Mexican-American population via birthright.
Subsection: Recent Affirmations
Bullet point:
1982: Plyler v Doe upholds education for undocumented children including Mexican-born citizens.
November 2025: No changes birthright intact per ongoing debates.
Key concepts: Anchor baby rhetoric unverified legally.
Takeaways: Continuous since 1848 with 1868 codification.
-->Final Block: Synthesis and Analysis
Takeaways:
Mexicans in annexed territories gained citizenship ability via 1848 Treaty children born post-treaty citizens.
Nationwide birthright for children of Mexican immigrants via 1868 14th Amendment confirmed 1898.
Parental naturalization restricted until 1952-1965 but child birthright uninterrupted.
Key Concepts: Birthright citizenship automatic for US-born excluding diplomats.
Collective naturalization treaty-based for groups.
Jus soli soil-based citizenship.
Definitions: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: 1848 agreement ceding Mexican territories to US with citizenship clause.
14th Amendment: 1868 constitutional provision for birthright citizenship.
US v Wong Kim Ark: 1898 Supreme Court case affirming birthright for non-citizen parents.
Fact-Based Summary: Mexicans in ceded territories gained US citizenship via 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Article VIII children born post-ratification citizens on US soil.
14th Amendment 1868 extended birthright nationwide to children of Mexican immigrants regardless of parental status confirmed by US v Wong Kim Ark 1898 for non-citizen parents.
Immigration restrictions 1917-1924 limited parental paths but not child birthright Bracero 1942 and Hart-Celler 1965 boosted Mexican inflows with 12M+ immigrants since affirming continuity per USCIS 2025 reports Census data shows 37M Mexican-Americans 2020 mostly birthright.
Verified via LOC.gov Congress.gov SCOTUS opinions Pew Research 2023.
Summary for the "Ethnic" approach 👀
US citizenship for individuals born in America from any ethnic culture—whether
African, Mexican, Asian, Middle Eastern, Native, or European subgroups
stems directly from the 14th Amendment's birthright clause (ratified July 9, 1868), which states: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."
This jus soli principle grants automatic, full US citizenship at birth to anyone born on US soil, excluding only children of foreign diplomats or invading forces (per jurisdiction clause, as clarified in Elk v. Wilkins, 1884, for Native tribes pre-1924, but extended universally post-Wong Kim Ark, 1898). Legally, this makes them unequivocally Americans—equal in rights, voting, military service, and allegiance—with no second-class status tied to parental origins or ethnicity. The Supreme Court in United States v. Wong Kim Ark (169 U.S. 649, 1898) affirmed this for children of non-citizen Chinese immigrants, establishing precedent that applies across all ethnic groups: birth on US soil overrides parental non-citizen status, ensuring ethnic diversity doesn't dilute citizenship.
This legal equality coexists with cultural self-identification as "ethnic Americans" (e.g., African American, Mexican American, Asian American), which emerged in the 1960s civil rights era as a voluntary, non-legal label to honor ancestral heritage while affirming American belonging.
Pre-1960s, US identity defaulted to unhyphenated "American" for white Europeans, with non-whites often labeled by race (e.g., "Negro" or "colored" in 1950 Census) or excluded from full citizenship narratives despite birthright (e.g., Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, 1857, denied it to Blacks until overturned).
The shift began with activism: Stokely Carmichael's 1966 "Black Power" speech reclaimed "African American" for US-born descendants of enslaved Africans (per LOC.gov audio archives); the 1968 Asian American Political Alliance at UC Berkeley coined "Asian American" for Japanese, Chinese, Korean birthright citizens rejecting "Oriental" (UC Berkeley Ethnic Studies archives); Chicano Movement leaders like Cesar Chavez in 1960s Southwest popularized "Mexican American" for descendants of 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo grantees and later immigrants' US-born children (per Smithsonian Latino Center timelines).
Federal standardization locked this in: The 1970 Census introduced "Hispanic origin" as an ethnic question separate from race (Census.gov historical reports),
allowing self-ID as Mexican American or Puerto Rican American; OMB Statistical Directive 15 (1977, Federal Register Vol. 42 No. 131) defined ethnicity as cultural (primarily Hispanic/Latino) vs. race, enabling terms like "Arab American" or "Native American" for birthright citizens from Middle Eastern or indigenous cultures.
Revisions in 1997 (Vol. 62 No. 210) added multiracial options, and 2024 updates (OMB Memo, whitehouse.gov) classified Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) as racial, but ethnic self-ID persists voluntarily.
Today, ~90% of US ethnic minorities self-identify with hyphenated terms per 2020 Census
(Census - gov data: 41M Hispanic/Latino, 47M Black/African American, 24M Asian American, 3.7M Arab/Middle Eastern American, 9.7M Native/Indigenous), all as full citizens via birthright.
This duality—legal American equality + cultural ethnic pride—supports equity policies like the Voting Rights Act (1965) and affirmative action, without creating hierarchies (Pew Research Center 2023 report on identity trends).
No verifiable legal distinction exists; "ethnic American" is cultural shorthand, not a subclass (confirmed via USCIS citizenship guidelines 2025, no amendments altering 1868 core).
-->The Final Stretch of it all <---
Takeaways
14th Amendment 1868 grants full US citizenship to all US-born regardless of ethnic culture making them legal Americans.
Hyphenated ethnic American terms 1960s onward affirm cultural heritage for birthright citizens without legal separation.
Federal census OMB standards 1970-2024 enable self-ID balancing equality and diversity.
Key Concepts Jus soli birthright citizenship by US soil overriding ethnicity.
Hyphenated identity cultural dual claim for birthright citizens.
Self-identification voluntary ethnic labeling post-1960s activism.
DefinitionsEthnic American hyphenated cultural term for US-born with non-European roots.
14th Amendment birthright clause automatic citizenship for US-born.
Pan-ethnicity broad grouping like Asian American for diverse origins.
In Conclusion Fact Based: All ethnic cultures born in America are full Americans via 14th Amendment 1868 birthright citizenship
jus soli principle confirmed Wong Kim Ark 1898 for non-citizen parents applies universally
per USCIS 2025 Census - gov.
Ethnic American labels like African American from 1966 Black Power Mexican American from 1960s Chicano Asian American from 1968 UC Berkeley emerge for cultural pride not legal status OMB 1977 Directive 15 standardizes Hispanic ethnicity 1997 revis
US citizenship for individuals born in America from any ethnic culture—whether
African, Mexican, Asian, Middle Eastern, Native, or European subgroups
stems directly from the 14th Amendment's birthright clause (ratified July 9, 1868), which states: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."
This jus soli principle grants automatic, full US citizenship at birth to anyone born on US soil, excluding only children of foreign diplomats or invading forces (per jurisdiction clause, as clarified in Elk v. Wilkins, 1884, for Native tribes pre-1924, but extended universally post-Wong Kim Ark, 1898). Legally, this makes them unequivocally Americans—equal in rights, voting, military service, and allegiance—with no second-class status tied to parental origins or ethnicity. The Supreme Court in United States v. Wong Kim Ark (169 U.S. 649, 1898) affirmed this for children of non-citizen Chinese immigrants, establishing precedent that applies across all ethnic groups: birth on US soil overrides parental non-citizen status, ensuring ethnic diversity doesn't dilute citizenship.
This legal equality coexists with cultural self-identification as "ethnic Americans" (e.g., African American, Mexican American, Asian American), which emerged in the 1960s civil rights era as a voluntary, non-legal label to honor ancestral heritage while affirming American belonging.
Pre-1960s, US identity defaulted to unhyphenated "American" for white Europeans, with non-whites often labeled by race (e.g., "Negro" or "colored" in 1950 Census) or excluded from full citizenship narratives despite birthright (e.g., Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, 1857, denied it to Blacks until overturned).
The shift began with activism: Stokely Carmichael's 1966 "Black Power" speech reclaimed "African American" for US-born descendants of enslaved Africans (per LOC.gov audio archives); the 1968 Asian American Political Alliance at UC Berkeley coined "Asian American" for Japanese, Chinese, Korean birthright citizens rejecting "Oriental" (UC Berkeley Ethnic Studies archives); Chicano Movement leaders like Cesar Chavez in 1960s Southwest popularized "Mexican American" for descendants of 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo grantees and later immigrants' US-born children (per Smithsonian Latino Center timelines).
Federal standardization locked this in: The 1970 Census introduced "Hispanic origin" as an ethnic question separate from race (Census.gov historical reports),
allowing self-ID as Mexican American or Puerto Rican American; OMB Statistical Directive 15 (1977, Federal Register Vol. 42 No. 131) defined ethnicity as cultural (primarily Hispanic/Latino) vs. race, enabling terms like "Arab American" or "Native American" for birthright citizens from Middle Eastern or indigenous cultures.
Revisions in 1997 (Vol. 62 No. 210) added multiracial options, and 2024 updates (OMB Memo, whitehouse.gov) classified Middle Eastern/North African (MENA) as racial, but ethnic self-ID persists voluntarily.
Today, ~90% of US ethnic minorities self-identify with hyphenated terms per 2020 Census
(Census - gov data: 41M Hispanic/Latino, 47M Black/African American, 24M Asian American, 3.7M Arab/Middle Eastern American, 9.7M Native/Indigenous), all as full citizens via birthright.
This duality—legal American equality + cultural ethnic pride—supports equity policies like the Voting Rights Act (1965) and affirmative action, without creating hierarchies (Pew Research Center 2023 report on identity trends).
No verifiable legal distinction exists; "ethnic American" is cultural shorthand, not a subclass (confirmed via USCIS citizenship guidelines 2025, no amendments altering 1868 core).
-->The Final Stretch of it all <---
Takeaways
14th Amendment 1868 grants full US citizenship to all US-born regardless of ethnic culture making them legal Americans.
Hyphenated ethnic American terms 1960s onward affirm cultural heritage for birthright citizens without legal separation.
Federal census OMB standards 1970-2024 enable self-ID balancing equality and diversity.
Key Concepts Jus soli birthright citizenship by US soil overriding ethnicity.
Hyphenated identity cultural dual claim for birthright citizens.
Self-identification voluntary ethnic labeling post-1960s activism.
DefinitionsEthnic American hyphenated cultural term for US-born with non-European roots.
14th Amendment birthright clause automatic citizenship for US-born.
Pan-ethnicity broad grouping like Asian American for diverse origins.
In Conclusion Fact Based: All ethnic cultures born in America are full Americans via 14th Amendment 1868 birthright citizenship
jus soli principle confirmed Wong Kim Ark 1898 for non-citizen parents applies universally
per USCIS 2025 Census - gov.
Ethnic American labels like African American from 1966 Black Power Mexican American from 1960s Chicano Asian American from 1968 UC Berkeley emerge for cultural pride not legal status OMB 1977 Directive 15 standardizes Hispanic ethnicity 1997 revis
@threadreaderapp unroll
There's tendency among Rajputs to cite dubious sources usually, texts whose dating is controversial, heavily interpolated and based of manuscript barely a century old...
Let's debunk this low IQ Sisodiya rajput garbage text using their own sources
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x.com/KuttajiBhonkle… x.com/KuttajiBhonkle…
Let's debunk this low IQ Sisodiya rajput garbage text using their own sources
1/8
x.com/KuttajiBhonkle… x.com/KuttajiBhonkle…
Ekalinga Mahatmya a 15th CE text mentions the Sisodiya word for the first time and the oldest Manuscript of that text is from 1858 CE, second oldest from 1911 CE. That means barely 167 & 114 years old.
2/8
2/8
Now let's examine the date of Salyaparva of Navarasanaraya
Pt Aavalikar published a commentary on Navarasanarayana text. He clearly said that he had only one recent manuscript of that text and all conclusions he made are on that one manuscript only
3/8
Pt Aavalikar published a commentary on Navarasanarayana text. He clearly said that he had only one recent manuscript of that text and all conclusions he made are on that one manuscript only
3/8
I agree, Ukraine had established its strategy in the defense of cities by retreating into them (Sievierodonetk, Sumy, Kyiv…)
Since Bakhmut, the Ukrainian army is no longer able to defend inside cities, examples : (Avdiivka, Selydove, Kourakhove, Pokrovsk…)
🧵THREAD🧵1/13⬇️
Since Bakhmut, the Ukrainian army is no longer able to defend inside cities, examples : (Avdiivka, Selydove, Kourakhove, Pokrovsk…)
🧵THREAD🧵1/13⬇️
The core of ukrainian strategy in 2022 was to retreat from the countrysides into large cities, this happened in the north, Nyzhin, Chernihiv, Konotop, Romny...
During the movement warfare, cities were the base of the defense, and Ukraine tryied to keep it later.
During the movement warfare, cities were the base of the defense, and Ukraine tryied to keep it later.
In 2023, Ukraine also based its defense on major cities, the main example is Bakhmut, for which the urban battle was one of the biggest and longest (talking about fightings inside, not in the flanks).
-> Bakhmut was the last battle fought during long time inside a city
-> Bakhmut was the last battle fought during long time inside a city
