#TodayinHistory in 1945, 75 years ago, at 3:00 am local #PH time (26 June 12:00 noon, at San Francisco, U.S.A.), the UN Charter is signed by 50 countries, including the Philippines, represented by Carlos P. Romulo. New BLOG here! tmblr.co/ZtGCUxYY3RQPea… #UN75
Context: In 1945, amidst the Second World War (#WWII), the bloodiest conflict in human history and the first true total war, nations under the Allies and neutral ones have come together for cooperation, dialogue, and shared action for peace.
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A previous organization of nation-states, the League of Nations, brought forth from #WWI did not succeed in putting a stop to #WWII. Its policies conflicted, & at times its members put self-interest above diplomacy & peace. It disintegrated w/ the outbreak of #WWII in Europe.
During #WWII, the "Allies of World War II," nations that reacted vs. the unprovoked aggression of the Axis powers—Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy), and Emperor Hirohito (Japan)—banded together for mutual protection. tmblr.co/ZtGCUx1SEbLvX
At the time, the Philippines was not yet a sovereign and independent country, and since 1941, had been under Japanese occupation. Nevertheless, Pres. Manuel L. Quezon of the Commonwealth gov-in-exile represented #PH in the negotiations to form the U.N. (1942).
With the liberation of the Philippines from Japanese occupation in 1945, and the Japanese troops in #PH on retreat, Pres. Sergio Osmeña, from reclaimed Malacañan Palace, appointed an 8-member delegation to represent the Philippines.
In May 1945, on #VEDay, celebrating the defeat of the Axis powers in Europe, the Philippine flag was among the 22 Allied flags displayed in London.
From 25 April to 26 June 1945, 50 nations represented by 850 delegates & their 3,500 secretariat personnel, assembled at the Veterans War Memorial Building in San Francisco to convene the United Nations Conference on International Organization or the San Francisco Conference.
The 46 nations were invited by the Allied Big Four—US, UK, USSR, and the Republic of China—to participate in the historic conference. These nations declared war on Germany & Japan, and have added their representatives' signatures to the United Nations Declaration of 1942.
Signed on a round table, under beaming spotlights, the UN Charter & the Statute on the International Court of Justice documents were laid there for signature. Delegation groups from each country stood on stage one after the other, w/ their representative signing the 2 docs.
Photo credits:
- United Nations Organization
- Peace Palace Library
- Presidential Museum and Library (2010-2016)
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