Thread by @BHPComms

1/ #COVID19 - the latest information on how #coronavirus affects children and pregnant women, with thanks to @BarneyUoB @PrasadNagakumar @BWC_NHS - read on for summary

2/ #COVID19 in children:

Children have milder symptoms and are less likely to be diagnosed with #coronavirus than adults.

In the UK, of 25,849 cases:

0.7% were aged 0-9 years (with 2 deaths)
0.5% were aged 10-19 (with 4 deaths)

In other countries...

3/ #COVID19 in children:

The %age of paediatric #coronavirus cases 🌍-wide:

🇰🇷 South Korea 6.5%
🇺🇸 USA 1.7%
🇮🇸 Iceland 9.5%
🇪🇸 Spain 2.0%
🇨🇳 China 2.0%
🇯🇵 Japan 2.4%
🇮🇹 Italy 1.2%

4/ #COVID19 in children:

In paediatric #coronavirus cases (in various studies):

😷4-21% were asymptomatic
😷46-58% mild
😷19-40% moderate
😷1-5% severe
😷0.6-5% critical

5/ #COVID19 in children:

🇬🇧 In the UK, 198 children have been hospitalised as a result of #coronavirus...

🏥...but 78% required no respiratory support

6/ #COVID19 in children:

49% of UK hospitalised children has no underlying health conditions/comorbidities

⚕️10.5% had cancer
🫁 10% respiratory conditions
🧠11% neurological conditions
🧬7% genetic conditions
🩸6% haematological
🔴5% liver/GI conditions
😷6% other conditions

7/ #COVID19 in children:

Symptoms experienced by children (various studies)

👧13-21% no symptoms
🥵41-69% fever
😷39-54% cough
😴8-32% fatigue
🤧7-30% runny nose

8/ #COVID19 in children:

Further symptoms experienced by children (various studies)

4-23% muscle pain
7-13% diarrhoea
11-26% shortness of breath
1.2% loss of sense of smell
10% rash

9/ #COVID19 links with #KawasakiDisease:

🇬🇧 58 children met symptoms of Kawasaki
45 of them also had evidence of #coronavirus, 40 tested +ive
29 developed shock - 23 needed intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)

In London:
8 reported, aged 4-14
2 SARS-CoV-2 +ive
1 death

10/ #COVID19 links with #KawasakiDisease:

🇬🇧 in Birmingham:
15 cases reported, median age 8.8
2 #coronavirus +ive
ALL antibody +ive for SARS-CoV-2
Children developed slightly different antibodies to adults

11/ #COVID19 links with #KawasakiDisease:

🇮🇹 In northern Italy:
10 reported, mean age 7.5
🫀 High cardiac involvement
8 tested antibody +ive for #coronavirus

🇫🇷 In Paris:
17 reported, mean age 7.5
11 needed intensive care
14 had previously recovered from #COVID__19

12/ #COVID19 in pregnancy:

UK evidence suggests NO increased risk to pregnant women - similar infections rates to general population

In 49 studies (inc. 666 babies from 655 mothers with confirmed #coronavirus), just 28 babies tested positive

13/ #COVID19 in pregnancy:

Studies of +ive tested pregnant women:

🤰73% gave birth at term
👨‍🍼9% needed respiratory support
👶5% tested positive

...but it's unclear if virus transmitted directly from mother to baby

14/ #COVID19 and breastfeeding:

🤱15 milk samples were taken from mother with confirmed or suspected #coronavirus, 14-30 days post-symptoms.

Results suggest antibodies are passed on to infants through breast milk.

15/ #COVID19 in children: this new briefing, summarising the risk and severity of COVID-19 in children, symptoms, comorbidities, and how the virus affects pregnant women and newborns, can be downloaded from:
birminghamhealthpartners.co.uk/covid-19-brief…