Akbar is not just the greatest among all the Mughals, but also one of the greatest the world has seen. How did he come to know as such a great ruler?
Firstly, Akbar was known to be great, because he took care of his people well. Before him, most rulers cared only about themselves and kept collecting taxes more and more.
However, Akbar did not raise taxes on anyone unnecessarily. This act made his citizens richer and helped improve his kingdom’s economy. Secondly, Akbar, unlike his father Humayun, invested in art and culture.
He made his kingdom’s culture rich by establishing libraries, promoting art and literature and also began awarding the prominent citizens’ in his empire ranks, so that they are well respected.
Thirdly, Akbar was excellent in battlefield.
By the end of his rule, he had conquered most of the Indian sub-continent. Fourthly, Akbar promoted experts from outside Islam in his empire. This allowed his empire to learn and adopt culture from other religions.
Fifthly, Akbar encouraged good relations with the Rajputs, a Hindu dynasty in India. Rajputs helped Akbar to rule well. Lastly, when his empire was short of money, Akbar used the land revenue collected to take care of the problem.
Under Akbar, the Mughals reached the pinnacle of their glory – both in art and culture and the economy. Hence, he is considered as one of the greatest rules in the world.
Humayun was the second emperor of the Mughal dynasty. He came to power at the age of 22 in 1530. But in ten years after he took the throne, he was defeated in a war by Sher Shah of the Suri empire. But in 15 years Humayun fought Sher Shah again and managed to get back his empire.
Though, Humayun was a great fighter, he had another side to himself.
Firstly, Humayun, though he was a great poet and artist, he did not share his knowledge with everyone.
Babur had just ascended the throne of Fergana in eastern Uzbekistan. However, his uncle plotted to take away the throne from him. He waged a war against Babur which ultimately Babur lost. He was then exiled to Afghanistan. There Babur managed to find some followers.
Along with them, he then started to figure out ways to capture his throne back.
Babur then came across an opportunity that was even better than his throne.
The Lodi dynasty was the last in the line of Delhi Sultanates, and they ruled from 1451 AD to 1526 AD. Though they were the last, there were features that distinguished them from the earlier dynasties.
Firstly, Bahlul Shah, the first Lodi sultan never used to sit on a throne, but rather sat on the carpet below.
The Sayyids were the fourth dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. They had four rulers who ruled from 1414 AD to 1451 AD. Their dynasty had their beginnings when the Sayyids were the governors of the Punjab province.
During this time, the Tuglaqs were going through a tough time, as people were rebelling against Mohammed Bin Tuglaq. This gave the Sayyids an opportunity to start their dynasty in Delhi. I believe that among all of the dynasties in the Delhi Sultanate, the Sayyids were the best.
The Tuglaq dynasty were the third in the Delhi Sultanate and ruled India from 1320 AD to 1413 AD. It had three sultans. Unfortunately, it was the most corrupt among all dynasties of Delhi. But why is it considered to be so corrupt?
Firstly, the Sultans of the Tuglaq dynasty were not uniformly just to all the people in their empire. They raised taxes on the poor and ill-treated them.
The Khilji dynasty was the second dynasty in the Delhi Sultanate. It ruled for the shortest period of time among all the five dynasties from 1290 to 1320. But it was different from any other dynasties though they ruled only for 30 years.
Firstly, unlike the Mamluks who had power in the beginning of their rule, the Khiljis did not have any power. But the Khiljis focused on earning their people’s trust.