At this stage, Universal vaccination is a double edged strategy, promoted for protecting against #SARS_CoV_2 infection under EUA.

Many reasons

1. Fewer approved vaccines in stockpile, universal coverage is a myth in short term. It will induce & worsen inequities

1 of N
2. The countries will have to reserve significant $$$$ to buy vaccines for universal coverage, often more than their annual health budget.

Resources will have to be spent justifiably: it doesn’t make sense not paying salaries of health care workers but buy vaccines. 2 of N
3. (A)Safety , (B)efficacy are prerequisites. (C) Feasibility and (D) effectiveness are next steps. Having worked for polio eradication, I love vaccines. They do wonders when they pass the critical septs (A to D). For Covid19, we do not have many options with vaccines, yet 3 of N
4. No evidence regarding the usefulness of giving vaccines to those who are already infected. If ~50% of people are infected already, we don’t know if they need vaccination, if yes, one or two doses? No evidence if antibody testing ahead of vaccination can be cost effective? 4ofN
5. For India in particular, we do not have following
-Evidence of safety & efficacy of vaccines in India
-Surveys % people infected persons in different cities/ states
-policy & approval for procurement & distribution of vaccines for private consumption by private sector
NofN

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More from @epigiri

12 Dec
#NFHS5 report released by @MoHFW_INDIA . Here are some snippets
-% women having a mobile phone that they themselves use has increased from 47 to 62 in #Karnataka compared to previous survey.
-Women who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥25) has increased from 23.3 to 30.1

1 of N
Ever-married women age 18-49 years who have ever experienced spousal violence has increased from 20.6 to 44.4 %. It either means that reporting has improved or we are becoming more regressing societies. 2 of N
Breastfeeding practices are not improving and have dropped in initiation with one hour of birth. #NFHS5

@srinidhikoya et al reported from @_MAASTHI regarding the determinants and consequences of ineffective breastfeeding practices in India. 3 of N
Read 7 tweets
27 Sep
How India became global leader in #polioeradication efforts?

This was enabled by world class surveillance system for detecting Acute Flaccid Surveillance in India. Districts which were detecting less than expected minimum of AFP rate per unit population were strengthened. 1 of N
In response against #COVID19 in #India, we seem not to use our own successful model. Instead, I see districts and states with poor reporting of cases (and therefore missing many deaths) are celebrated as success models. By now, if your are not reporting, there is a problem. 2of N
There should be a revised strategy. Define number of cases/million (CPM) as a standard unit. Compare metros, urban areas & districts based on a minimum CPM. If districts are not detecting cases, review & strengthen. A huge #inequity issue for now; vulnerable suffer more. 3 of N
Read 6 tweets
12 Sep
The opening up effect: Cases per million per day galloping in the United Kingdom and India. Via @FT
1 of N Image
#UK: young are the most infected in last two weeks. Although overall mortality is low it’s higher disproportionately in ethnic minorities, health & care home workers. Low seroprevalence indicates high degree of susceptibility; the young might spread to vulnerable people. 2 of N ImageImageImageImage
Cases and Deaths per million are matching for most countries. The better a country tests, higher the case load and higher the mortality detected. Exception to the rule: China covid19.who.int/table
Interesting table on the Situation by Country, Territory & Area by @WHO
3 of N ImageImageImage
Read 4 tweets
1 Sep
Virus doesn't behave differently across states, reporting does.

You find fewer suspect cases, test fewer and will have fewer cases. This is not the ideal way to contain #covid19. It is unethical as well.
It’s not testing numbers alone , whom do you test and how did you test through the entire period starting from early days is important. A wrong trend is to simply inflate testing numbers using RAT.
This is shared by the press release of the Government. My above statements and comments in the story in Indian express should be read against this in background.

Absence of Evidence does not mean absence of circulation. Image
Read 4 tweets
30 Aug
After a long time, I am talking about models. covid19-projections.com/india Dr Youyang Gu @youyanggu projections indicate yesterday as the peak for deaths and peak for cases was a day before India’s Independence Day. 1 of N ImageImage
Levitt projections for India have gone awry due to vast state & population variation. India predictions page updated by Professor Bhaskaran Raman, IIT-Bombay.
docs.google.com/document/d/1I4…

Also watch @MLevitt_NP2013 about misinterpretations in this 2 of N
In this empirical Model: Peak number
of active cases is expected to be around 75,000, after which the cases with outcome (recovery or
death) will be more than the number if new cases. Now, we have more than 75,000 new cases (not active cases) medrxiv.org/content/10.110… 3 of N
Read 5 tweets
27 Aug
Andhra Pradesh is a star performer: Surge in COVID cases due to better testing but Lower MR & DPM

In August

Case fatality: Gujarat (3.3%), Maharashtra (3.27%)

DPM: Punjab gone up 2.6 times ( from 13 to 34)

Karnataka has almost doubled from 36 to 68

Via @jeevanrakshaa 1 of N ImageImage
AP is testing twice of national average. The 10.8% of Test Positivity Rate (TPR) indicates virus spread is wide and active. Yet state has lower deaths, exceptional !

Punjab TPR increased from 2.9% to 4.6%

Karnataka (11.5%) & Maharashtra (18.8%) need to enhance testing.

2 of N ImageImageImage
The overall #COVID19 response by states measured based on mortality rate & test positivity here.
Low TPR & Low MR : Good
High MR: Poor performance.

Maharashtra has problems galore !Gujrath & Punjab have high mortality 3 of N Image
Read 4 tweets

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