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Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
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18 Mar, 4 tweets, 2 min read
Three scientific feats of ex vivo [organ] development

1) @WeizmannScience researchers are able to keep mouse embryos alive in a bottle for half of the normal in utero development

sciencemag.org/news/2021/03/m…
2) An array of papers that attempt producing human blastocysts from pluripotent cells, including from fibroblasts (the type of cell often used to make induced pluripotent stem cells).

May be important for learning about development
nature.com/articles/s4158…
sciencemag.org/news/2021/03/r…
3) Tear gland organoids that could produce tear fluid ("cry"), engineered in a dish. This could potentially in the future be useful for treating conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome, where tear production is severely lacking.

The gene Pax6 seems critical
nature.com/articles/d4158…
4) "Clevers’ group and its collaborators have developed #salivary gland organelles that will be tested in clinical trials starting this summer for people who suffer from dry mouth, a condition that can cause tooth decay and difficulty in chewing and tasting."

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More from @JCedernaes

Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
19 Mar
Not possible to review yet, so very preliminary:

German researchers seem to claim that in some individuals - that is, in very few as reported elsewhere - the Astrazeneca vaccine may activate platelets (which regulate clotting)
ndr.de/nachrichten/me…
The upside is that they seem to think they know how to treat these rare complications:

"The discovery means that targeted treatment can be offered to those who suffer similar clotting, using a very common medication."

m.dw.com/en/astrazeneca…
3) Some more details regarding the possibility of the rare clotting/bleeding complications following the Astrazeneca vaccine, and how to possibly treat the more serious type of them:

explica.co/german-scienti…
Read 8 tweets
Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
18 Mar
"“Our scientific position is that this vaccine is a safe and effective option to protect citizens against COVID-19,” said the head of the EMA, Emer Cooke.

She added: “If it were me, I would be vaccinated tomorrow.”"

abcnews.go.com/Technology/wir…
2) However, the EMA “cannot rule out definitively a link” between the rare types of blood clots and the vaccine.

They are therefore recommending to add a description that such cases have been reported, to the vaccine leaflets, to make health workers and patients aware of this.
3) Note however that this would be a very rare event, 37 or slightly more out of 17 M recipients, bringing the reported ratio to ~ the reported rate of anaphylaxis for Pfizer & Moderna (2.5-4.7 per 1 million doses) - just from a numbers comparison.
jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/…
Read 5 tweets
Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
18 Mar
1) A Danish study @TheLancet has followed over 520 000 people, from the 1st to 2nd surge.

Similar to some other studies, they find that those with a prior #SARSCoV2 infection had ~80% lower risk of #reinfection, but only ~47% reduced in those ≥65 yrs
🧵
thelancet.com/journals/lance… Image
2) The @TheLancet article describes how Denmark during tested ~0.5 M people for #SARSCoV2 during wave 1.

At the end of 2020, ~10% of the population tested every week.

In all of 2020, Denmark tested ~4 million people (68% of their pop.) and 64% of those had been tested >1 time.
3) In their analysis, they also included an alternative cohort, that looked at individuals throughout the pandemic (& not only those testing positive in the 1st & 2nd wave), thus examining reinfection risk in a group of 2.4 M people, of which 28 875 had been previously infected.
Read 12 tweets
Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
3 Dec 20
Lovande: En ny analys av vaccindata från #Moderna (#mRNA1273) i @NEJM finner att nivåerna av #antikroppar hos de vaccinerade deltagarna ligger kvar på höga nivåer hos samtliga deltagare ~3 månader efter att bägge vaccindoser har givits.

Tråd>

nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
1/n
De fann neutraliserande antikroppar hos samtliga deltagare dag 119 (dvs. ~3 månader efter andra dosen; doserna ges med 28 dagars mellanrum).

Analyserna tyder på något lägre nivåer av neutraliserande antikroppar hos de äldre (56-70 & ≥71 år) jämfört med yngre (18-55)

2/n
Vid denna tidpunkt var också antikroppssvaret bättre än de som sågs hos individer som återhämtat sig efter en naturlig COVID-19-infektion (konvalescenssera), och som undersökts betydligt tidigare (~34 dagar) efter sin motsvarande exponering (dvs. efter en COVID-19-diagnos)

3/n
Read 11 tweets
Jonathan Cedernaes Profile picture
3 Dec 20
Dödligheten (IFR) i COVID-19 med data för 45 länder, samt jämförelser med influensan – en (lång) tråd

I @nature publicerades för en månad sen en omfattande analys av infection fatality rate (#IFR), utifrån data från 45 länder & 22 antikroppsstudier.

nature.com/articles/s4158…
1/n
De beräknar även infektionsmönstret i de analyserade länderna. Studien finner att IFR är lägst i åldern 5-9 (0.001%), för att gå upp till 8.29% hos de som är ≥80 år (se Fig. 1A, kom ihåg det är en log-linjär skala).

Notera att studien är accepterad men ej editerad ännu.

2/n
Många västländer hamnar på IFR 0.6-0.8%. I snitt hade 5% av invånarna i de undersökta länderna smittats fram till 1:a september i år (med en högre siffra för Latinamerikanska länder; utifrån seroprevalensdata).

3/n
Read 41 tweets

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