1/ Helpful clarification by #CDC w/ important practical implications to avoid wasting energy & money on excessive surface cleaning:
"each contact with a contaminated surface has less than a 1 in 10,000 chance of causing an infection"
2/ Important to note that COVID can potentially spread in individual cases via direct/surface contact, via cannonball-like droplets, or inhalation of aerosols.
The brief clarifies that surfaces are statistically very unlikely to cause many infections; so focus most on the air.
3/ From CDC brief today:
"However, based on available epidemiological data and studies of environmental transmission factors, surface transmission is not the main route by which SARS-CoV-2 spreads, and the risk is considered to be low."
4/ As imp. contrast, CDC brief also specifically points out that increasing #ventilation actually provides a practically important reduction of "airborne transmission cases." (via @JudahWorldChamp)
[but their explanation of droplets still confusing]
5/ 'Science brief' today on fomite/surface spread 👆 is a good example that #CDC can eventually come around to consensus from airborne experts, just w/ some extra months.
3/ The review ends by showing a parameterized size distribution of respiratory particles & the risks in different parts of a room using #masks, #ventilation, and #filtration. Broad application to SARS-CoV-2 other respiratory viruses.
Frequently questions about type of room air filtration & if #ionization is a useful upgrade.
Nearly always, simple filtration is sufficient for most people. Study here shows a bipolar ionizer also *not* useful at reducing PM2.5. Thx @JimRosenthal4. (1/x) sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
2/ "[experiments] ... suggest that operation of the ionizer unit led to a small increase in loss rates for ultrafine particles (<0.15 μm) and a small decrease in loss rates for larger particles (>0.3 μm), but with negligible net changes in estimated PM2.5 loss rates."
3/ In contrast to relative ineffectiveness of ionization technology to reduce concentration of suspended particles in a room, simple #HEPA filtration does an *excellent* job. See e.g. examples in this 🧵 showing filtration in a school classroom.
1/ More good support that indoor dining is challenging (no masks indoors = risky). Nice article by @RoniNYTimes, w/ comments from knowledgeable folk following a recent CDC #MMWR report.
2/ “You have decreases in cases and deaths when you wear masks, and you have increases in cases and deaths when you have in-person restaurant dining,” said #CDC director Dr. Rochelle Walensky
3/ Unfortunately, the Nat'l Restaurant Assoc called the #CDC report “an ill-informed attack on the industry hardest-hit by the pandemic.”
I feel for restaurant owners & workers. I honestly can't imagine the difficulty through the pandemic. But the challenge & risk is legitimate.
3/ I was pleased to see early mention that "Wearing a well-fitting, multi-layer mask helps prevent virus particles from entering the air or being breathed in by the person wearing the mask."
"Right now, schools are looking to CDC and they are not getting the answers to the kinds of things we are talking about." "All of them look to CDC." said @CorsIAQ
"If you look at all the high profile outbreaks -- same underlying factors -- no masks, low ventilation. It doesn't matter if it's spin class, ice hockey, camps, classrooms, choir practice or restaurants, (it's) the same underlying factors" said @j_g_allen
The more I read this story of #superspreading in a Chicago gym, the more outrageous it is, especially this late in the game. A few amazing quotes below.
So preventable: distance, wear good masks, improve ventilation & filtration.
"Overall, 43 (78%) attendees with COVID-19 participated in multiple classes while potentially infectious.* Twenty-two (40%) attendees with COVID-19 attended on or after the day of symptom onset."
"Patrons brought their own mats and weights and were stationed ≥6 ft apart."
"Mask use, temperature checks, and symptom screenings were required on entry"
"however, patrons were allowed to remove masks during exercise." 🤦♂️