@beverleyturner@toadmeister To tackle your first tweet first. I think you are talking about the data submitted by Pfizer to the Japanese regulator? That Bryan Brindle has recently had a lot to say about? It's here... 1/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister First, it's important to note that Bridle (oops, I gave him an "n" above!) is not the inventor of these vaccines. He is actually working on a rival vaccine.
But in any case, a lot of what he says just isn't true. I talk more about this here... 2/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister It's also worth noting that the biodistribution data we're talking about here is radiolabelled lipids, not (necessarily) vaccine. 3/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister The data submitted to the regulator does actually have a component showing us where (vaccine) protein ends up, and it's mainly the injection site and liver, as expected. 4/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister Finally, it's worth noting that even that lipid data has been plotted without the liver and injection site, which makes it look like there's more in the ovaries than there really is. If we replot with all the data, it looks like this... 5/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister I hope this sets the biodistribution data in context for you. Now onto your second point... 6/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister I guess I can talk to this personally, as someone who is young enough (early 30s) that I'm not very likely to die if I catch COVID. Why did I choose to get the vaccine? 7/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister I think we should first acknowledge that the chance of serious outcomes (intensive care etc), though smaller in younger people, is not non-zero. At the time I got my first dose 7/100,000 people my age were being admitted to intensive care every 16 weeks. 8/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister This is not 7/100,000 people who got COVID, by the way, this is *everyone* my age (which takes into account the chance of getting COVID in the first place). So yes, avoiding that did factor into my decision-making. 9/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister But what's more likely to happen to people my age? Long COVID, which affects about 1/50 people. That would stop me working and looking after my family, maybe for months. For me, that was the thing I really wanted to avoid. 10/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister Also, there are people I love who are either vulnerable or not eligibile for vaccination who I don't want to infect. I also got vaccinated partly to protect them. 11/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister So these are my reasons as a young(ish!) person for getting vaccinated. Some people have different lives and will not maybe worry so much about the possibility of being incapacitated, or of infecting their loved ones. That's up to them. 12/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister But I personally was really glad to have the option to protect myself and my family by getting vaccinated, so I did. And I'm pleased that the government is giving young people the option to get vaccinated. 13/
@beverleyturner@toadmeister Now I see absolutely loads of chat on this which I'm sure will be really interesting, but I do have to go and examine some students now (vivas). But I will do my best to get back to any more questions later. 14/14
@beverleyturner@toadmeister PS. Sorry I forgot to mention in response to your point about mRNA vaccines being new that they were first trialled in humans in 2006, so we do have about 15 years of follow-up on the platform. Nice piece about the history of mRNA vaccines here...
A lot of people are asking me if #COVID19 mRNA #vaccines build up in the ovaries. This is an idea that seems to have come from some data submitted by Pfizer to the Japanese government.
But is it true? Let’s dive in!
(But TLDR: no...) 🧵
Here’s a machine-translated version of the document, so we can all see what’s going on. The document describes the outcome of two kinds of experiments. 2/
First, they administered a version of the vaccine that encodes a glowing protein, luciferase, to mice. This allows us to see where the vaccine is making protein because… well... it glows! Please enjoy the glowing mice. 3/
@toadmeister Morning Toby! I’m the reproductive immunologist that is quoted in that Sunday Times article, here to provide a bit of context... 1/
@toadmeister The first thing to say is that Yellow Card is very good at detecting serious side effects that don’t usually happen in the absence of vaccination. That’s what it’s designed for and it’s one of the ways we were able to pick up the rare clotting side effect associated with AZ. 2/
@toadmeister What Yellow Card is not so good at is detecting a change in the rate of non-serious events that sometimes happen anyway. People experiencing a heavy period post-vaccine is a good example of such an event. 3/
"The UK now says that #pregnant people should be offered the Pfizer or Moderna #COVID19#vaccines. But I already had my first dose of AZ. What should I do about dose 2?” 🧵
The official guidance says:
“Pregnant women who commenced vaccination with AstraZeneca are advised to complete with the same vaccine.”
The first thing to say is that the reason we are offering Pfizer/Moderna is not because we have any data to say that AZ is unsafe in pregnancy. It’s just that we have *more* data on mRNA vaccines, so we can be more confident of their safety. 3/
The study looked at 30 pregnant, 16 breastfeeding and 57 ppl who were neither, who had been vaccinated with Moderna or Pfizer. Also 22 pregnant ppl and 6 non-pregnant ppl who had caught COVID.... 2/
They started by looking at antibody responses. Notice that we get more anti-Spike antibody in response to vaccination than natural infection.
This has been shown in other studies of COVID19 vaccination in pregnancy. 3/
@ElonaWise Your decision will depend on lots of factors that are specific to you. How prevalent is COVID in your area? Are you very exposed? Do you have any conditions that put you at increased risk? All of this you can discuss with your care team to make a personalised decision. But... 1/
@ElonaWise I can tell you the pros and cons of vaccination during pregnancy in general. Let's start with the pros... 2/
@ElonaWise 1. Not getting COVID! This is particularly important because catching COVID in late pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, stillbirth and your baby needing to spend time in intensive care. 3/