[Thread] 1. Penny Moore, @nicd_sa: How do we know if a vaccine works against a variant? We take blood from people who will get a vaccine before and after vaccination and analyse the immune responses. 
2. For the #JnJ vaccine, we look at immune responses 28 days after vaccination We ask: How well did the antibodies produced as a result of the vaccine, kill the virus?
3. The amount of a certain type of antibody - neutralising antibodies - present in your blood, predicts how well the vaccine will work. The levels matter: the more neutralisasing antibodies, the better the protection.
4. Lab data shows the #Pfizer vaccine works better against the #DeltaVariant than the Beta variant. For the #AstraZeneca vaccine: it also works better against Delta than Beta.
5. The punchline: The vaccines we use in SA (#JnJ and #Pfizer) work against both the Delta and Beta variants, but they work better against the #DeltaVariant.
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