They found two major risk factors that predicted a lack of seroconversion:
A) Age: people under 40 are statistically less likely to make antibodies. #LongCovid
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B) Small viral load: people who had higher PCR Ct values (meaning the test had to run more cycles before returning positive) were also less likely to seroconvert. This implies mild and asymptomatic cases are less likely to seroconvert. #LongCovid
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This study has huge implications not only for the many #LongCovid patients who have been denied care for not having antibodies, but also for how we think about protection from infection in society more broadly!
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This also has implications for reinfections and vaccine efficacy as well - the study itself mentions that "seroconverters and nonseroconverters will probably also respond differently to vaccination."
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When paired with this other CDC study showing 65% are seronegative at 60 days, it looks like the *majority* of patients never seroconvert or serorevert early. This has big implications for care & research. Antibody tests can't be required for either!
Let's talk about...herpesviruses! And other reactivations in #LongCOVID.
When most people hear "herpesvirus" they think of STDs. But herpesviruses are a virus family, like coronaviruses.
Mono is a herpesvirus. So are shingles & chicken pox. All humans have at least one!
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Less familiar herpesviruses include: Cytomegalovirus (CMV, which ~50% of people have by age 40), Human-Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6, which ~100% of people have), and Human-Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8).
(Side note that this is all an explanation for laypeople, so I'll be simplifying a bit.)
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Herpesviruses are lifelong infections, but are usually latent, meaning they aren't "active". When the immune system is healthy, most people can keep them at bay. During times of illness/stress or in response to certain triggers (food, heat, hormones), these can flare up.
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This age-adjusted data from Israel shows a deep decrease in vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID infection for people who got vaccinated in January-February. #LongCovid
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This was measured 2 months ago. Now that it's almost Sept, vaccine effectiveness for those vaccinated in April is likely close to the Feb numbers here.
And in the past few weeks, we've started seeing more breakthroughs from people who got vaccinated in April. #LongCOVID
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There's a lot to dig in here but a few things that jump out about Delta particularly:
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Delta objectively spreads faster than the original COVID strain. The original strain was less transmissible than polio & smallpox; Delta is more transmissible than those as well as Ebola, MERS, SARS, & the Spanish Flu.
Delta is *as* transmissible as chicken pox.
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Delta is associated with a higher viral load and longer duration of shedding.
There are many ways to engage with #LongCOVID patients as a researcher without joining support groups, which compromises patients' privacy.
In addition to @patientled (associated with the @itsbodypolitic support group), here are a few options researchers may not know about.
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The COVID-19 Research Involvement Group has been around since spring 2020 and run by patient-researcher @Know_HG. It's associated with @long_covid support group and has over 2500 patients and researchers discussing Long COVID.
The Medical & Scientific Collaboration group has been around since summer 2020 & is run by the renowned Long Haul COVID Fighters support group (@Amy_Ant, @katemeredithp). It also has about 2500 researchers & patients discussing avenues of research:
Happening now! I'll try to live tweet as I'm able.
Note: there are a few times where Q&As are welcome from the public! Questions can be pasted in the chat and will be answered during specific time slots. See the agenda for those times.
Proud to have been a Subject Matter Expert to the POTUS Health Equity Task Force!
They're presenting today on what they learned about #LongCOVID (hhs.gov/live) & their presentation is so full of good recommendations that I can't even keep up.
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I'm thrilled at their takeaways, including 1) lab confirmation of COVID can't be required for care, 2) creating a federal advisory committee including LC patients, ME experts, & disability advocates, 3) help patients navigate the disability system & expediting claims, & others 2/
Excellent public comments from Michael Sieverts on how biases in PCR and antibody testing will trickle their way into research. Super important as research plans for #LongCOVID are currently being decided....
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