2/ First, we make estimates using a combination of the COVID spike Ab & nucleocapsid Ab to determine what proportion of our population is protected at a given time.
ie, either previous infection (nucleocapsid) or vaccination (spike Ab) or combined Infection & vaccination.
3/ But if there was 95% immunity in 2021, how did #Omicron go bonkers infecting so many in 2022?
The infection rates reflect #Evolution. The I ntense contagiousness of this variant & enhanced immune escape mutations plus waning protection from previous vaccination & infection.
4/ Every study has limitations & two here include the obvious selection bias based on who decides to donate blood & kids. While there is a wide swath of the population who donates, maybe it’s not representative of the general population. Also, kids here were excluded.
Good immunity on an individual or societal level today will NOT be enough to hold off the next variant AND we must accept that #boosters & #masks are a new way of life for us if we want to stay safe & not get #LongCOVID.
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Yes, all liquor can hurt our brains if we drink too much. The disease of Alcoholism, which is NOT the fault of the person afflicted, causes brain injury slowly over time.
A picture is worth 1,000 words. Look below at a diseased brain…
2/ Gray on this CT scan indicates actual brain tissue.
Do you see the black areas pointed out here by RED arrows?
These are called sulci (grooves).
This <40 year old person has VERY large grooves that show the amount of brain tissue as we would see in someone >80 w dementia.
3/ Normally brain grooves are small in young people. See example👇.
When someone gets dementia, s/he can lose actual brain tissue (less gray) and the area fills in with fluid (BLACK - sulci).
SO this is atrophy & manifest in life as memory problems & executive dysfunction.