Using data from 3095 people living in Sweden, this one identified the most relevant predictors of 18-year mortality in individuals aged ≥60 years.
- Individuals’ social connections and civil status were identified as meaningful predictors of mortality, as well as socio-environmental characteristics such as living conditions, civil status, and leisure activities.
- Physical function also had a strong prognostic role, as the functional status domain, encompassing several measures of physical performance and dependency, was the only single domain that showed comparable predictive performance to chronological age.
These results were however limited to the prediction of short-term mortality.
"Dynamic changes in health and functioning in old age may be responsible for the reduced predictive power of physical function measures during longer follow-ups."
- Beyond sociodemographic characteristics, the variables found to be significantly associated with mortality in the multi-domain model include established risk factors such as:
- Systolic blood pressure and smoking but not dyslipidaemia, chronic diseases such as atrial fibrillation and diabetes but not ischemic heart disease...
...blood markers such as creatinine and haemoglobin but not C-reactive protein, and physical and cognitive function measures such as gait speed and global cognitive function, as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination.
- The inclusion of chronological age in the model actually decreased the predictivity of some observable characteristics (i.e., chronic kidney disease, systolic blood pressure, being unpartnered, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and hand grip strength).
This may suggest that chronological age harbours the prognostic information brought in by such features, while several other observable characteristics offered prognostic information that was independent of chronological age.
TL;DR:
Beyond chronological age: a multidimensional approach to survival prediction in older adults (open access)

doi.org/10.1093/gerona…

#aging #longevity #MetabolicSyndrome #exercise #muscle #strength #lift #GetStrong #cardio #hiit

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Sep 10
This one found average and slow walking pace to be associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes, independent of major confounding factors with these associations even being consistent across different physical activity levels and walking time. ImageImageImageImage
- Compared with brisk walking, average and slow walking paces were associated with a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes in both men and women, independent of sociodemographic factors, diet, adiposity, and physical activity level.
- Among people with average and slow walking paces, high levels of physical activity did not attenuate the excess type 2 diabetes risk attributable to slow walking pace.
Read 5 tweets
Sep 10
Here, objectively-measured moderate and vigorous physical activity were found to be associated with lower risk of affective disorders, including depression and anxiety.
- A higher level of physical activity was associated with lower risk of affective disorders up to 500 min of moderate and 120 min of vigorous physical activity per week.
- At an equivalent amount of time, vigorous physical activity was associated with lower risk of affective disorders than moderate physical activity.
Read 9 tweets
Sep 10
Here, any intensity of physical activity was associated with a decrease in total cholesterol, with higher MVPA being associated with reduced SBP, whereas higher LIPA being associated with decreased measures of adiposity, in individuals with coronary heart disease.
- 72 participants (predominantly males) with a mean age of 64 years were recruited to this 12-month observational study.
- Participants were included if they had stable CHD and were receiving optimal medical treatment ± revascularisation.
Read 10 tweets
Sep 10
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that exercise combined with a high protein intake is more likely to preserve fat-free mass than exercise alone during weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, regardless of the weight loss approach used.
- The study's aim was to investigate the effect of exercise training, protein, calcium, and vitamin D supplementation on the preservation of fat-free mass during non-surgical and surgical weight loss and of the combination of all interventions together in adults with obesity.
- Exercise Training + High Protein intervention was superior in every comparison and independent of the outcome and type of induced weight loss.
Read 12 tweets
Sep 10
This one found cardiorespiratory fitness to be associated with small, but beneficial changes in cerebrovascular hemodynamics in adults without CVD risk factors, but with men and women showing some differences in those benefits.
- Greater VO2peak was associated with small but beneficial changes in cerebrovascular hemodynamics in adults without CVD risk factors.
These included greater MCA conductance and pulsatile damping, and lower large artery stiffness, forward wave energy, and mean arterial pressure in the combined sample of males and females, with sex-specific associations in large artery stiffness and carotid pulse pressure.
Read 17 tweets
Sep 10
This large multi-ancestry meta-analysis finds that the beneficial effects of lower leisure screen time and higher moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time on several risk factors and diseases are mediated or confounded by adiposity.
- The study combined data from up to 703,901 individuals (94.0% European, 2.1% African, 0.8% East Asian, 1.3% South Asian ancestries, and 1.9% Hispanic) from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS for MVPA, LST, sedentary commuting and sedentary behavior at work.
This yielded 104 independent association signals in 99 loci, implicating brain and muscle, among other organs, that may influence physical activity.
Read 20 tweets

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