Thread by @KramarenkoMari3

Time to talk about the university I attended and which played a big role during #Maidan. It’s Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The thread it a bit too long, but the most interesting part is at the end, sorry 🙈 #KyivMohylaAcademy #Kyiv #Ukraine 1/n

https://twitter.com/badbaltictakes/status/1596432139469348864

For a long time, the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy was the only higher general education, comprehensive educational institution of Ukraine, Eastern Europe, and the entire Orthodox world. Founded on the principles of humanism and enlightenment, the Academy not only taught young people, 2/n

but also spread education and knowledge, its students opened schools, founded libraries, promoted the development of culture, art, literature, music, theater.
The Kyiv-Mohyla Academy was founded on the basis of the Kyiv Fraternal School. In 1615, this school received premises 3/n

from the noblewoman Halshka Gulevichivna. Some teachers of Lviv and Lutsk fraternal schools moved to Kyiv to teach. The school had the support of the Zaporozhian Army and, in particular, Hetman Sahaidachny.

In September 1632, the Kyiv fraternal school merged with the Lavra 4/n

school. As a result, the Kyiv-Brat Collegium was created. Metropolitan Petro Mohyla of Kyiv built an education system in it based on the model of Jesuit educational institutions.Much attention was paid in the college to the study of languages, in particular Polish and Latin. 5/n

According to the Hadiatsk Treaty of 1658 between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Hetmanship, the college was granted the status of an academy. After the inclusion of the Ukrainian lands into the Moscow kingdom, the status of the academy was confirmed 6/n

in the charters of the Russian tsars Ivan V in 1694 and Peter I in 1701.

The Kyiv-Mohyla Academy was a comprehensive institution. According to the statute of the Academy, everyone who wanted to study had the right to study there. Children of the Ukrainian aristocracy, 7/n

Cossack elders, Cossacks, burghers, priests and peasants studied.
The full course of study at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy lasted 12 years. But due to the fact that it was a higher school, students had the right to study there as much as they wanted without age restrictions. 8/n

In total, the Academy had eight so-called ordinary classes, but the number of subjects reached 30 or more. All higher sciences, starting with poetics, were taught in Latin at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.
Rus’ka, or Ukrainian literary (book) language over time is gaining more and 9/n

more space in the Academy and in society. They wrote works, poems, scientific, artistic and political treatises, chronicles, letters, court acts, hetman universals, composed sermons and teachings.
Subsequently, interest in European languages ​​is growing at the Academy. 10/n

From 1738, German was introduced into the educational course, and from 1753 - French. From the middle of the 18th century. The Russian language is studied, as well as ancient Hebrew. The latter is for the purpose of in-depth study of Christian primary sources.
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It is known that starting with Peter I, the attack on the Ukrainian language, its destruction, is being waged. A number of measures are taken "so that the people of Little Russia do not regard themselves as different from the people of Great Russia", 12/n

including laws banning printing (since 1720), and later teaching in the Ukrainian language. The Academy was initially "recommended" to switch to the Russian language, and since 1784 it is strictly forbidden to give lectures in the "rural dialect" (that is, in the Ukrainian 13/n

language), but only in Russian and necessarily "with observance of the sentence that is observed in Great Russia."

The theater was born and became professional at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The students themselves prepared interludes, dramas, learned cantas and songs, made 14/n

everything necessary for the nativity scene.
The Kyiv-Mohyla Academy was a center of philosophical thought in Ukraine. A special place among philosophers in the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy belonged to professors I. Gisel, Y. Konanovych-Gorbatsky, S. Yavorsky, and F. Prokopovich. 15/n

By the way, Feofan Prokopovich initiated higher mathematics at the Academy (and throughout the then Russian Empire).
Historical science was formed at the Academy. The graduates of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy were future hetmans, Cossack foremans, scribes, coachmen, judges, 16/n

colonels, centurions, military chancellors, lawyers, diplomats, translators, etc. The Kyiv-Mohyla Academy produced many educated hierarchs - bishops, metropolitans, archimandrites, and spiritual writers. The book collection of the Kyiv Academy, which was formed over 17/n

two centuries, was unique. It was laid, apparently, back in the Brothers' School. P. Mohyla handed over his entire library - 2,131 books of domestic and foreign editions - to the College. This is how the tradition of donating books to the Academy was formed. 18/n

From the second half of the 18th century. After the founding of the universities in Kharkiv and Moscow, the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy naturally began to lose its priority position as a single higher school, although it continued to uphold its achievements and traditions. 19/n

Supporters of the Academy are making unique attempts to turn it into a university, that is, to open additional faculties, law, medicine, mathematics, etc. But, despite all requests and evidence of the necessity of this act, it was not possible to obtain consent 20/n

and material support from Catherine II and the crown-bearing successors. Pursuing a hostile policy towards Ukraine, aimed at destroying at least any signs of autonomy and historical memory, depriving it of such democratic national assets as the hetmanship, 21/n

the Zaporizhzhya Sich, the Cossack administrative system, Russian tsarism also destroyed the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, a center of Ukrainian education, culture and mentality.According to the order of the govt, the decree of the Synod dated August 14, 1817, the Academy was closed. 22/n

Instead, in 1819, the Kyiv Theological Academy was established in the premises of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. After the October Revolution of 1917, the Kyiv Theological Academy was closed. Its buildings were handed over to the Dnipro Military Flotilla.
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In 1935, the Bolsheviks destroyed the Epiphany Cathedral of the Bratsky Monastery, which belonged to the academy.
During the times of the USSR, the Kyiv Higher Naval Political School was located in the buildings of the academy on Podil. 24/n

Literary scholar and teacher Vyacheslav Bryukhovetsky became the initiator of the restoration of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.
On September 14, 1991, he spoke at a forum of the Ukrainian intelligentsia, where the future president of Ukraine, Leonid Kravchuk, participated.
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"We need to restore the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, who is in favor?" - asked Bryukhovetskyi.
The whole hall raised their hands.
And already on September 19, the order of the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada No. 1570-XII "On the revival of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy" was issued. 26/n

It was important not only to revive Mohylyanka(short name), but also to return its historical premises.
The management of the military school did not want to give the premises. Bryukhovetskyi won the first room for the future academy in chess from the head of the school 27/n

at the time, Admiral Oleksiy Korovin. Despite the fact that Korovin was a chess master, Bryukhovetskyi won three games in a row against him.
Korovin gave his word to the officer, so he was forced to give Bryukhovetsky the room from which the restoration of Mohylyanka began. 28/28

https://twitter.com/kramarenkomari3/status/1594666749013954561

And that’s me, a happy BSc, alumni of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy University 😄 proud to be part of it.

Also I remembered a mysterious story that Bryukhovetsky told us. The university had already been started, but there were no applicants.Once an elderly lady came to the reception and asked when they would finally open the church on the territory of university,she went there 1/2

as a child and missed it very much. A lady brought a basket of strawberries with her and gave them to the teachers with the words "Eat,may it give you more strength" and left, no one even had time to ask her name. On the same day, the first applicant came to the university. 🍓2/2