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Feb 8 • 12 tweets • 7 min read
#TodayinHistory in 1890, poet, nationalist, political thinker, jurist, & statesman, Claro M. Recto, was born in Tiaong, Quezon Province. Recto reshaped modern #PH political thought, pushing for nationalist policies when the U.S. heavily influenced post-war PH affairs. THREAD.
Born to Don Claro Recto Sr. of Rosario Batangas & Doña Micaela Mayo of Lipa, among 5 other siblings, 3 of whom died, Claro lived in a generation of great awakening. In 6 years time after his birth, #PH Revolution vs. Spain broke out.
Recto studied Latin at Instituto de Rizal in Lipa, Batangas from 1900 to 1901 & pursued Bachelor og Arts in 1905 at @ateneodemanilau, achieving the highest grade—maxima cum laude. He pursued Law in 1909 at @UST1611official & wrote for several newspapers to support his education.
Meanwhile, he worked as secretary to Vicente Ilustre of the Philippine Commission. In 1916, Recto served as consultant of the instituted Philippine Senate. Finally he pursued politics in 1919, winning elections as Assemblyman of Batangas' 3rd district.
Recto was part of the Independent Missions that campaigned for #PH independence in the U.S. Congress. He temporarily left politics for pvt law practice (1928-1931) but soon returned, winning a senate seat in 1931, defeating Quezon-backed JP Laurel of Tanauan.
Recto was elected President of the 1934 Consti Convention tasked to draft a constitution that would be in effect in the 10-yr transition to independence. Upon personally giving the draft to POTUS FD Roosevelt, w/ Quezon, he was appointed as SC Justice.
He wasn't able to fully dispense his senate powers upon being reelected in 1941 due to #WWII. He was accused of collaborating w/ the Japanese. Instead of availing presidential amnesty, he took the harder route of seeking acquittal from the People's Court.
Recto's long track record in post-war #PH Senate was legendary. He campaigned for strengthening the separation of church & state amidst the Catholic Church's influence, pushed for independent foreign policy that ran contrary to the U.S. agenda, & opposed U.S. bases retention.
Recto often rebuked #PH presidents who seemed too eager to support U.S. interests (e.g. Ramon Magsaysay). He was a passionate Rizalian, & a true Constitutionalist. The 1935 Consti was, accd to political experts, the best consti PH ever had, thanks to his leadership in drafting it
He tried to run for the #PH presidency in 1957 but lost to Carlos P. Garcia. Due to his acknowledged literary achievements in Tagalog, Spanish, & English, he was made cultural envoy w/ rank of ambassador & sent to represent PH in Europe & Latin America. He died in Rome in 1960.
A Recto #QOTD:
Photos:
- Presidential Museum & Library
- Cornejo's Commonwealth Directory of the Philippines
- @AskNLP

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More from @indiohistorian

Kristoffer Pasion Profile picture
Feb 7
#TodayinHistory in 1986, the consequential Snap Elections began. The 2 contenders for the presidency were Ferdinand Marcos Sr. & Corazon C. Aquino. It is one of the landmark events that led to the EDSA People Power Revolution 3 weeks later. THREAD. #history #kasaysayan
After the assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983, int'l support on Marcos Sr. waned. It was in Nov 1985 that Marcos Sr. was interviewed in the David Brinkley's show & said: "... all these childish claims to popularity on both sides have to be settled, then I think...
"... we better settle it by calling an election... And we will invite the members of the American Congress to please come and see what is happening here. All this talk about fraud... that's sourgrapes."

Corazon Aquino, after much thought and consultation accepted the challenge.
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Feb 6
#TodayinHistory in 1964, Emilio Aguinaldo, president of La republica filipina, & first President of the Philippines in the official roster, died #of coronary thrombosis at the Veterans Memorial Hospital in Quezon City. He was 94. THREAD. #kasaysayan #history Image
Born on 22 March 1869, at Cavite El Viejo (now Kawit) to gobernadorcillo Carlos Aguinaldo & Trinidad Famy, Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy was seventh of 8 children, and the youngest of 4 boys. He was manager of the family's farms when his father died, & was into interisland trading. Image
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Nov 30, 2022
#TodayinHistory in 1863, Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro, revolutionary leader & 3rd president of the revolutionary org, the #Katipunan, was born in Tondo, #Manila, #PH. Under his leadership, the Katipunan led an all-out revolution vs. Spain beginning Aug 1896. THREAD. #kasaysayan
Born to Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro, a tailor & a housewife, Andres was born the eldest of his siblings—Ciriaco, Procopio, Espiridiona, Troadio, & Maxima. Upon the death of their parents, Andres stood as breadwinner for the family.
First selling canes and paper fans, & juggling several jobs, Andres Bonifacio was employed as clerk & liaison for the British company Fleming & Co in Manila. He eventually became an agent of the company, but soon decided to switch to the German company, Fressel & Co.
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Nov 29, 2022
#TodayinHistory in 1892, María Orosa, Filipina guerrilla fighter during #WWII, food technologist, pharmaceutical chemist, was born in Taal, Batangas #PH. She was the known inventor of Banana Ketchup, & the Palayok Oven. She died in the Battle of Manila in Feb 1945.

THREAD.
Born to Simplicio Orosa, a steamship captain, & Juliana Ylagan, as 4th of 8 children, Maria lived thru great upheaval, w/ #PH Revo vs. Spain that broke out in 1896, & Phil-Am War in 1899. Her father aided Aguinaldo in transporting troops & supplies.
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Nov 28, 2022
#TodayinHistory in 1520, in a quest to look for an alternative route to the Spice Islands, Ferdinand Magellan's (& Elcano's) expedition, via the Strait of Magellan, reached a vast calm ocean. #Magellan named it "Mar Pacifico" (Peaceful Sea) or the Pacific Ocean. THREAD. Image
Thousands of years prior, Austronesians, upon whom many of the peoples on the islands & archipelagos in the Pacific were descended, have crossed the Pacific Ocean, Earth's largest, by means of advanced knowledge in astronomy, navigation, & shipbuilding. tmblr.co/ZtGCUx2H0a06Y Image
This explains the flourishing of chiefdoms & sultanates in precolonial #PH, w/c have established trade relations w/ other polities & kingdoms. Tributary missions to China via the Sulu Sultanate, as 1 among many examples, prove that seas were highways for precolonial Filipinos.
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Nov 23, 2022
#TodayinHistory in 1872, 150 yrs ago, Clemencia López, feminist & Filipino independista, was born in Balayan, Batangas. She travelled to the U.S. during the PH-US War to negotiate the release of her detained brothers, & tell the American press #PH's desire to be free. LONG THREAD Image
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