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Evan Schultheis Profile picture
Evan Schultheis
@EvanSchultheis
M.A. History, @Winthropu. Author 'The Battle of the Catalaunian Fields, AD 451.' Views are my own. #ActuallyAutistic @evanschultheis.bsky.social
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Jun 20 • 196 tweets • 39 min read
Today, June 20th 451 CE, Flavius Aetius led a coalition of Romans and various semi-professional forces bound by treaty in one of the largest military engagements of the ancient world.

You can read more about it here!


(Thread) pen-and-sword.co.uk/The-Battle-of-…
Image The Battle of the Catalaunian Fields is one of a few *massive* 5th century battles we in fact know very little about. Most of the primary sources are garbage, and the ones that aren't were lost in the Middle Ages, their manuscripts re-used for copies of bibles.
Apr 18 • 19 tweets • 8 min read
So yeah let's talk about #KCD2 #KingdomComeDeliverance2, because this is a game that does get some things right despite its faults. And one of its big faults is the Cumans. So by the 15th century the Cumans in the middle Danube region were pretty heavily assimilated by the Kingdom of Hungary. One of our best depictions is the frescoes from Avio Castle, in two phases from the 1330s and 1350s. They're easy to spot by their stereotyped hats.
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Jan 4 • 21 tweets • 7 min read
The First Ottoman Siege of Thessaloniki lasted from 1383 to 1387, and was a drawn out affair that mostly saw a few attempts on the Komnenian-period Northeastern Fortress. I commissioned @yoritomoart to depict this siege, and a create better reconstruction of the Springald.

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Image @yoritomoart The exact nature of the Springald has been debated for some time. The original proposal by Jean Liebel is confusing, he argues that the term Espringald, Espringal, or Springald derives from South Italian dialects. This makes little sense considering evidence and transmission.
Aug 29, 2023 • 13 tweets • 2 min read
It's nice that Byzantine monastic praktika are well kept enough that we can accurately calculate 14th century fertility and mortality compared to the rest of Medieval Europe, instead of just estimate. Just some fascinating tidbits: The birth rate in 1317-1321 is noticeably lower than 9th century Frankia or 15th century Italy. It's about 44 per 1000, rather than 51-55 per 1000. This is probably due to the fact West Europe didn't follow medieval medical advice for weaning at 2-4, whereas the Romans did.
Aug 8, 2023 • 40 tweets • 16 min read
Thread for @SpookyLovejoy @BretDevereaux: The Evolution of the Spatha.

This came up over the whole "choose your favorite sword" chart below because typologizing swords like this is a Victorian habit and in reality like half of these are the same thing. @SpookyLovejoy @BretDevereaux Dr. Devereaux is right in that we can look to Iron Age Celtic blades for part of the Spatha's origins. Functionally speaking "longswords" from the ~4th c. BC to ~13th c. AD could be glossed as "Spatha" and that would be an oversimplified "correct."
Jun 5, 2023 • 132 tweets • 41 min read
I'm bored, I've argued about this several times this past three weeks, let's talk about leather armor in the ancient and early medieval world:

(Image from Wertmann et al., "No borders for Innovations: A ca. 2700-year-old Assyrian-Style Leather Scale Armour in Northwest China") Image So the question we need to ask ourselves is "Why does this discussion keep coming up?"

Leather armor being common in the public consciousness & the harsh backlash against that image by reenactors and laymen is a result of multiple factors, but pop history is chief among them.
Jan 4, 2022 • 7 tweets • 4 min read
Preliminary distribution map of helmets in my upcoming paper and new typology:

(Note: Not all are late Roman helmets, merely related examples for discussion.)

#Classicstwitter #Medievaltwitter #Medieval #Roman #twitterstorians #Byzantine #Archaeology

google.com/maps/d/u/0/edi… Breakdown by type of Roman-manufactured helmets:

google.com/maps/d/u/0/edi…
Jan 26, 2021 • 55 tweets • 10 min read
I've heard rumors of some sort of massive discourse over at the AIA conference about completely separating the academic community from Roman Reenactment due to "widespread white supremacist motivations" for reenactment.

I want to talk about this. (1/?)
#ClassicsTwitter I'm going to tag @eranudturan in this from the start because I want his opinion as both a PoC and a non-European reenactor, but I've been thinking about this all day and have some thoughts I want to express and would like to hear feedback on. (2/?)
Jan 25, 2021 • 4 tweets • 2 min read
I really cannot believe I have to keep repeating this because people apparently know nothing about the KOTOR IP.

A "Knights of the Old Republic" game cannot be developed by any company other than Bioware without revoking the KOTOR IP from Bioware.

#StarWars #kotor #SWTOR "Knights of the Old Republic" is its own IP that was transferred from Bioware to Obsidian in 2004 and then from Obsidian back to Bioware in 2006/2007 to start development of SWTOR. Bioware Austin, which is still making "The Old Republic" content, is still the holder of that IP.
Jan 11, 2021 • 41 tweets • 8 min read
Alright, I just finished "Light of the Jedi" by Charles Soule, and I have some thoughts on it, both as a scientist, historian, and Star Wars fan. I'm mostly coming at this from an Old Republic fan viewpoint.

THIS REVIEW WILL CONTAIN SPOILERS. #StarWars #StarWarsTheHighRepublic The first thing I want to look at is the tone, because anything else is really nitpicky and the fundamental themes of the story are really the main basis for comparison. So I'm looking at this from a few angles, the big one being it claiming to be a "Star Wars Arthurian Romance."
Nov 27, 2020 • 9 tweets • 2 min read
This one was also one I advised on. The only real inaccuracy, in this piece is the decoration on the tunic (which I recommended they either decorate the sleeves and tighten the cuffs or remove all decoration.) Every other piece here is datable to the 5th century. The sword fittings are all from Nydam 1d, and although hourglass hilts (Behmer Type-V) are primarily a North/Baltic sea phenomenon, we have plenty of evidence for extensive recruitment from this region under Aetius.
Nov 13, 2020 • 47 tweets • 13 min read
Greetings all and welcome to part 3: "But I don't want any of that, I'd rather... I'd rather, just, sing!"

Part 1:

Part 2: Image Sorry here's Part 2:
Nov 12, 2020 • 23 tweets • 7 min read
Hello everyone and welcome to this part 2 of "what is wrong with this image."

For context, here is part 1, which will be important to the rest of this:

Threadreader for those who want it:
threadreaderapp.com/thread/1326642… Image We're gonna start with where we left off with what @mikeaztec28 mentioned: should Aetius even be in standard military attire?

This is the Diptych of Flavius Constantius Felix, 428 AD. Felix held the same title as Aetius: Magister Utriusque Militae, until he was executed. Image
Nov 11, 2020 • 33 tweets • 10 min read
So first of all, congrats to Dr. Wijnendaele on his paper. But that's not why I'm retweeting this.

I'm retweeting this because art like this is why reenactors are important. Because things like reconstructing clothing is actually important but almost nobody pays attention to it. And this piece is a great example of how lack of research affects pop culture depictions (e.g. Hollywood) which then in turn colors the knowledge and perceptions of artists, which then goes back and affects the ones doing historical pieces.
Aug 13, 2019 • 58 tweets • 21 min read
Roman Helmet Evolution 2: "Screw you Baldenheims" Boogaloo

A thread: First: sorry the edges are cut off slightly, my scanner was being a pain.

As you may have guessed today's rant is brought to you by the recent late 5th century finds from Tsaritsyno and the fact that the Gultlingen helmet was in use from 460 to 480. But we'll get there in a bit.
Nov 3, 2018 • 53 tweets • 21 min read
Hypothetical reconstruction of Late Roman Helmet evolution, based on new research that's been coming out over the past decade and a half or so. (1) Going from left to right, the first to look at are ridge helmets. Commonly divided into just two types, there are actually 6 distinct variants of ridge helmets. The first of these is the "Comb" Helmet,, typified by the examples from Berkasovo-I and Budapest.
Jun 5, 2018 • 41 tweets • 13 min read
So about a week ago I put together a survey on Nuclear Power opinions and awareness among internet users. After 215 responses and several days of no activity, I figured I had a pretty decent response. Here are the results (Thread) (1/?) Of 215 participants, 24.2% of them said that they lived within 50km of a nuclear power plant. When asked whether their local power plant engaged in public education about nuclear energy, I had more responses than people who said they lived near a plant. (2/?)
May 15, 2018 • 18 tweets • 5 min read
I keep seeing this come up so I'm going to address it:

#Huns #Xiongnu #Migration #JustinianicPlague

bbc.com/news/science-e… First of all, here's the actual article from Nature:

nature.com/articles/s4158…