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1).
„Credo in F Major: II. Crucifixus” (c. 1717–1719) [1] [2] by Antonio Lotti (1667–1740) [3] [4], performed in 1999 by the Balthasar-Neumann-Chor und Ensemble [5] [6] [7] under the direction of Thomas Hengelbrock [8] [9].
„Credo in F Major: II. Crucifixus” (c. 1717–1719) [1] [2] by Antonio Lotti (1667–1740) [3] [4], performed in 1999 by the Balthasar-Neumann-Chor und Ensemble [5] [6] [7] under the direction of Thomas Hengelbrock [8] [9].
2).
Endnotes:
[1] ancientgroove.co.uk/lotti/lotticre…
[2] ancientgroove.co.uk/pdfs2/Lotti_Cr…
[3] it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L…
[4] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L…
[5] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar…
[6] balthasar-neumann.com
[7] thomas-hengelbrock.com/en/balthasar-n…
[8] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_He…
Endnotes:
[1] ancientgroove.co.uk/lotti/lotticre…
[2] ancientgroove.co.uk/pdfs2/Lotti_Cr…
[3] it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L…
[4] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L…
[5] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar…
[6] balthasar-neumann.com
[7] thomas-hengelbrock.com/en/balthasar-n…
[8] de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_He…
BC First Nations have several NGO's, who all oppose new Canadian pipelines in BC
These are NGO's aka political lobby groups, not bands. They are there to influence policy, and try to get more of what they want
And our tax dollars fund the crap out of it 🧵
These are NGO's aka political lobby groups, not bands. They are there to influence policy, and try to get more of what they want
And our tax dollars fund the crap out of it 🧵
The Union of BC Indian Chiefs (UBCIC), said to represent as many as 144 Bands in BC, only has 2 people on its executive team. 👀
But they got $13 million from the BC govt, almost all of it from the BCNDP
But they got $13 million from the BC govt, almost all of it from the BCNDP
The Federal Liberals were also very generous to give tax dollars to UBCIC, who are fighting to inhibit Canada's resource industry
The Liberal Government gave them $28 million since 2015
The Liberal Government gave them $28 million since 2015
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 We'll get there.
I should be clear "modern" humans. HERV-K (HML-2) insertions are inferred to be older than modern humans, predate the split between humans and Neanderthals some humans and Denisovans
I should be clear "modern" humans. HERV-K (HML-2) insertions are inferred to be older than modern humans, predate the split between humans and Neanderthals some humans and Denisovans
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 So, now onto phase 2.
The various syncytin proteins in a range of mammals are all purported to have been infected at various time and by various different viruses that have never been witnessed.
Below are 9 examples, but there are a few more.
The various syncytin proteins in a range of mammals are all purported to have been infected at various time and by various different viruses that have never been witnessed.
Below are 9 examples, but there are a few more.
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 These are all separate infection events in sperate species with separate virus, yet they all supposedly yield the same (EXTREMELY RARE) fixation. Not only that by they are beneficial, offering core changes to a reproduction critical system.
#sambucky Although Bucky is the one born in 1910's, Sam is a black gay man raised in Delacroix. This means he is the most reserved boyfriend, the one who shows less in public.
When they are in missions, you could tell they look like an old married couple, +
When they are in missions, you could tell they look like an old married couple, +
since they act like one. They fight for every single detail, like mom and dad would do. However they also care for each other – a lot. Were you on a mission with them and the other one was missing, they would ask "hey, where is Sam?", "do you know where is Buck?" +
It's not that they keep secret about their relationship, they don't. They would never. Neither would they deny about it. They are together, period.
Despite of that, Sam is always the one looking everywhere; to identify either a possible homophobic person or a racist one. +
Despite of that, Sam is always the one looking everywhere; to identify either a possible homophobic person or a racist one. +
In an unsigned editorial, @AJC claims that 3,000 double scanned ballots were “caught” by elections officials in the recount and corrected. This is a lie. The 3,930 duplicate ballots were created during the recount and only discovered afterward by concerned citizens. 1/3
The @AJC has gaslit its readers for five years, lying to cover up or minimize problems with the 2020 election and ridiculing those who have pointed them out. Credit goes to Phillip Davis (@mad_liberals), @KevinMoncla, David Cross (@GAballots) and many others. 2/3
@ajc @mad_liberals @KevinMoncla @GAballots If you want to learn more, I encourage you to visit:
3/3BallotAssure.com
3/3BallotAssure.com
I have been accused of crashing out because I have no patience for Nazism, and because I have called out people for playing footsie with Nazism. 1/7
But this is no crash out because I have always had no patience for Nazism. 2/7
I also have no patience for those who deny having played footsie by explaining further that they were just rubbing their socks together. 3/7
How Hormones Shape Your Jaw & Face and What You Can Do to Improve Yours Today:
Most people think jaw shape is genetics only.
In reality, jaw and facial structure mirror your hormonal health, muscle tone, airway habits, and overall nutrient status.
And those signals continue in adulthood - slowly, but real.
Here’s the full breakdown. 🧵
Most people think jaw shape is genetics only.
In reality, jaw and facial structure mirror your hormonal health, muscle tone, airway habits, and overall nutrient status.
And those signals continue in adulthood - slowly, but real.
Here’s the full breakdown. 🧵
1. Androgens Build the Mandible
Testosterone increases periosteal bone growth, especially in the mandible (ramus, chin, angle).
Higher androgens -> wider jaw, stronger projection.
Lower androgens -> softer angle, smaller ramus, flatter lower face.
Science:
– Androgens stimulate mandibular osteoblast activity and periosteal thickening
– Male puberty growth spurt shows a mandible-specific androgen response.
Even adults experience slow remodeling in response to hormonal environment + mechanical load.
What helps:
– stable calories, enough protein, strength training
– correcting low thyroid (because it suppresses androgens)
– fixing chronic stress (cortisol drops testosterone)
PMCID: PMC6206510, PMID: 10327737
Testosterone increases periosteal bone growth, especially in the mandible (ramus, chin, angle).
Higher androgens -> wider jaw, stronger projection.
Lower androgens -> softer angle, smaller ramus, flatter lower face.
Science:
– Androgens stimulate mandibular osteoblast activity and periosteal thickening
– Male puberty growth spurt shows a mandible-specific androgen response.
Even adults experience slow remodeling in response to hormonal environment + mechanical load.
What helps:
– stable calories, enough protein, strength training
– correcting low thyroid (because it suppresses androgens)
– fixing chronic stress (cortisol drops testosterone)
PMCID: PMC6206510, PMID: 10327737
2. Estrogen Controls Growth Timing and Bone Density
Estradiol closes growth plates earlier and regulates bone density.
Too high too early -> smaller jaw + reduced forward growth.
Too low -> underdeveloped mandible, narrow dental arch, retrognathic profile.
Low estrogen = loss of jaw density, softer contours. Bone Density Drops -> Jaw Angle Weakens
Estrogen maintains osteoblast activity.
When estrogen is low:
– bone resorption increases
– mandibular cortex thins
– gonial angle becomes more obtuse
– chin looks smaller or more recessed
When estrogen rises out of proportion to progesterone (estrogen dominance), you get a very specific facial change: Subcutaneous fluid retention -> jawline blurring.
The mechanisms are straightforward:
Estrogen increases aldosterone -> sodium retention -> edema
High estrogen upregulates the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS).
Aldosterone increases fluid retention in soft tissues -> the face looks swollen, especially around:
– jaw angle
– lower cheeks
– under the chin
– under the eyes
This is not fat. It’s vascular permeability + water retention.
Estrogen suppresses thyroid conversion (T4->T3)
High estrogen increases thyroid-binding globulin, which reduces free T3.
Low T3 -> lower metabolic rate -> poor lymphatic drainage -> facial puffiness increases.
What helps:
– stabilizing ovulation
– progesterone support in luteal phase
– thyroid -> better aromatase balance
– fat-soluble vitamins A/D/K2 for bone remodeling
PMID: 36252613, PMCID: PMC6364354 , PMCID: PMC9883279
Estradiol closes growth plates earlier and regulates bone density.
Too high too early -> smaller jaw + reduced forward growth.
Too low -> underdeveloped mandible, narrow dental arch, retrognathic profile.
Low estrogen = loss of jaw density, softer contours. Bone Density Drops -> Jaw Angle Weakens
Estrogen maintains osteoblast activity.
When estrogen is low:
– bone resorption increases
– mandibular cortex thins
– gonial angle becomes more obtuse
– chin looks smaller or more recessed
When estrogen rises out of proportion to progesterone (estrogen dominance), you get a very specific facial change: Subcutaneous fluid retention -> jawline blurring.
The mechanisms are straightforward:
Estrogen increases aldosterone -> sodium retention -> edema
High estrogen upregulates the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS).
Aldosterone increases fluid retention in soft tissues -> the face looks swollen, especially around:
– jaw angle
– lower cheeks
– under the chin
– under the eyes
This is not fat. It’s vascular permeability + water retention.
Estrogen suppresses thyroid conversion (T4->T3)
High estrogen increases thyroid-binding globulin, which reduces free T3.
Low T3 -> lower metabolic rate -> poor lymphatic drainage -> facial puffiness increases.
What helps:
– stabilizing ovulation
– progesterone support in luteal phase
– thyroid -> better aromatase balance
– fat-soluble vitamins A/D/K2 for bone remodeling
PMID: 36252613, PMCID: PMC6364354 , PMCID: PMC9883279
No Meditation allowed in this Temple, this is not a place to stay, it is a place to bow and leave...
This thread will give you goosebumps!
This thread will give you goosebumps!
In Varanasi there is a small and intense shrine known as the Tara Mata Temple. A local belief says visitors should not stay here for more than ten minutes. This belief has been passed down quietly through generations in Kashi.
According to local lore the temple stands on a site of extreme sacrifice and unfinished penance. The place is believed to carry a heavy spiritual charge that is not meant for prolonged human presence.
The real reason the Bitcoin is falling. The new fed chair was a former board member. Read this and play smart. HBAR is what they decided to replace it with. DCNA compatible with nuclear tech. Designed by an Air Force retired colonel. @leemonbaird
federalreserve.gov/apps/proposals…
federalreserve.gov/apps/proposals…
@GaryCardone @MyronGainesX @elonmusk @kanyewest @MicroStrategy @Strategy it has to do with you know who
The real reason Bitcoin is falling. Read this federal reserve file — 👆🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸❤️ @blknoiz06
The real reason Bitcoin is falling. Read this federal reserve file — 👆🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸❤️ @blknoiz06
#BTC #HBAR $HBAR $Btc @threadreaderapp “unroll”
Finkelstein is not the go-to in the established scholarship. He is not even considered a serious scholar within Palestine Studies. I work specifically on the resistance, and if that interests you here is a reading list:
Scholarship on Hamas:
Top Tier Scholarship:
- Ghassan Du‘ar, “Harb al-Ayyam al-Sab‘ah: ’Usud Hamas” [The Seven Day War: The Lions of Hamas] (Amman: Filisteen Almuslima, 1993).
- Ghassan Du‘ar, “Imad-Aql-'usturati-aljihad-w-almuqawima.” [Imad Aql, legend of jihad and resistance] (London, Filastin al-Muslimah, 1994).
-Ghassan Du‘ar, "The Engineer: The Martyr Yahya Ayyash, Symbol of Jihad and Leader of the Resistance in Palestine” (London: London, Filastin al-Muslimah, 1997).
—Jawad al-Hamad and Iyyad al-Barghouthi (eds.), Dirasah fi al-Fikr al-Siyasi li Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyyah: Hamas: 1987–1996 (A Study on the Political Thought of the Islamic Resistance Movement: Hamas: 1987–1996) (Amman: MESC, 1997).
- Khaled Hroub, “Hamas: Political Thought and Practice” (Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2000).
-Jeroen Gunning, “Re-thinking Western constructs of Islamism: pluralism, democracy and the theory and praxis of the Islamic movement in the Gaza Strip”, Doctoral thesis, Durham University (Durham, England: 2000).
- Azzam Tamimi, “Hamas: Chapters Unwritten” (London: Hurst, 2009).
- Jeroen Gunning, “Hamas in Politics” (London: Hurst, 2009).
-Basim al-Zubaidi, Hamas wa al-Hhukum: Dukhul al-Nizam am al-Tamarrud ‘alayh (Hamas and Power: Entering the System or Rebelling Against It) (Ramallah: Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, 2010).
-Ibrahim Ghosheh, “The Red Minaret: Memoirs of Ibrahim Ghusheh (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2013).
-Sara Roy, “Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector” (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2011)
Yezid Sayigh, "We Serve the People: Hamas Policing in Gaza" (Waltham, MA: Brandeis, 2011).
- Mohsen Mohammad Saleh (Ed.), “Islamic Resistance Movement-Hamas: Studies of Thought and Experience” (Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2017).
- Björn Brenner, “Gaza Under Hamas: From Islamic Democracy to Islamist Governance” (London: I.B. Tauris, 2017).
-Ghassan Du‘ar, "Qawāʿid al-Shuyūkh: Muqāwamat al-Ikhwān al-Muslimīn ḍidd al-Mashrūʿ al-Ṣuhyūnī, 1968–1970” (The Shuyukh Camps: The Resistance of the Muslim Brothers Against the Zionist Project, 1968–1970) (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2018).
- Abdalhakim Aziz Hanaini, Manhajiyyat Harakat Hamas fi al-‘Alaqat al-Kharijiyyah: Suria Namuzajan 2000-2015 (Hamas’ Foreign Policy: Syria as a Case Study 2000-2015) (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2018).
- Tareq Baconi, “Hamas Contained” (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2018). [note: Baconi’s book is oft criticized for the title, which prognosticates containment, belied by Tufan al-Aqsa; but this does not play much of a role in the book itself, which is worth reading for his use of myriad archives. Specifically, Baconi consults: the Gaza City archives, working through the Institute for Palestine Studies in Beirut's archive of news publications in the Al- Watha’iq al-Arabiyeh; the al- Zaytouna Centre in Beirut, which published Al-Watha’iq al-Filastiniyyah from 2005–11; and the Al-Resalah’s Gaza City archive.]
-Daud Abdullah, “Engaging the World: The Making of Hamas’ Foreign Policy” (Johannesburg: Afro-Middle East Centre, 2020).
- Erik Skare, “A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021).
Scholarship on Hamas:
Top Tier Scholarship:
- Ghassan Du‘ar, “Harb al-Ayyam al-Sab‘ah: ’Usud Hamas” [The Seven Day War: The Lions of Hamas] (Amman: Filisteen Almuslima, 1993).
- Ghassan Du‘ar, “Imad-Aql-'usturati-aljihad-w-almuqawima.” [Imad Aql, legend of jihad and resistance] (London, Filastin al-Muslimah, 1994).
-Ghassan Du‘ar, "The Engineer: The Martyr Yahya Ayyash, Symbol of Jihad and Leader of the Resistance in Palestine” (London: London, Filastin al-Muslimah, 1997).
—Jawad al-Hamad and Iyyad al-Barghouthi (eds.), Dirasah fi al-Fikr al-Siyasi li Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyyah: Hamas: 1987–1996 (A Study on the Political Thought of the Islamic Resistance Movement: Hamas: 1987–1996) (Amman: MESC, 1997).
- Khaled Hroub, “Hamas: Political Thought and Practice” (Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2000).
-Jeroen Gunning, “Re-thinking Western constructs of Islamism: pluralism, democracy and the theory and praxis of the Islamic movement in the Gaza Strip”, Doctoral thesis, Durham University (Durham, England: 2000).
- Azzam Tamimi, “Hamas: Chapters Unwritten” (London: Hurst, 2009).
- Jeroen Gunning, “Hamas in Politics” (London: Hurst, 2009).
-Basim al-Zubaidi, Hamas wa al-Hhukum: Dukhul al-Nizam am al-Tamarrud ‘alayh (Hamas and Power: Entering the System or Rebelling Against It) (Ramallah: Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, 2010).
-Ibrahim Ghosheh, “The Red Minaret: Memoirs of Ibrahim Ghusheh (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2013).
-Sara Roy, “Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector” (Princeton: Princeton University Press 2011)
Yezid Sayigh, "We Serve the People: Hamas Policing in Gaza" (Waltham, MA: Brandeis, 2011).
- Mohsen Mohammad Saleh (Ed.), “Islamic Resistance Movement-Hamas: Studies of Thought and Experience” (Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2017).
- Björn Brenner, “Gaza Under Hamas: From Islamic Democracy to Islamist Governance” (London: I.B. Tauris, 2017).
-Ghassan Du‘ar, "Qawāʿid al-Shuyūkh: Muqāwamat al-Ikhwān al-Muslimīn ḍidd al-Mashrūʿ al-Ṣuhyūnī, 1968–1970” (The Shuyukh Camps: The Resistance of the Muslim Brothers Against the Zionist Project, 1968–1970) (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2018).
- Abdalhakim Aziz Hanaini, Manhajiyyat Harakat Hamas fi al-‘Alaqat al-Kharijiyyah: Suria Namuzajan 2000-2015 (Hamas’ Foreign Policy: Syria as a Case Study 2000-2015) (Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Centre, 2018).
- Tareq Baconi, “Hamas Contained” (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2018). [note: Baconi’s book is oft criticized for the title, which prognosticates containment, belied by Tufan al-Aqsa; but this does not play much of a role in the book itself, which is worth reading for his use of myriad archives. Specifically, Baconi consults: the Gaza City archives, working through the Institute for Palestine Studies in Beirut's archive of news publications in the Al- Watha’iq al-Arabiyeh; the al- Zaytouna Centre in Beirut, which published Al-Watha’iq al-Filastiniyyah from 2005–11; and the Al-Resalah’s Gaza City archive.]
-Daud Abdullah, “Engaging the World: The Making of Hamas’ Foreign Policy” (Johannesburg: Afro-Middle East Centre, 2020).
- Erik Skare, “A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021).
Ahmed Qasem Hussein, “The Evolution of the Military Action of the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades: How Hamas Established its Army in Gaza,” Al-Muntaqa, Vol.1, No.2, September/October 2021, pp. 78-97.
- Qossay Hamed, “The Constant and the Variable in the Ideology of Hamas (2006-2018)”, PhD Dissertation for Political Science, Université de Bordeaux, 2021.
- Leila Seurat, “The Foreign Policy of Hamas” (London: Bloomsbury Press, 2022).
-Jean-François Legrain, “Hamas According to Hamas: A Reading of its Document of General Principles” in Shahram Akbarzadeh (Ed.), “Routledge Handbook of Political Islam”, 2nd Ed., Oxfordshire, Routledge, 2022, pp. 79-90.
-Yahya al-Sanea, "Tarikh Harakat Hamas, Alnash'a Waltatawur" [The History of Hamas Movement, Emergence and Development] (Al-Raya for Research and Studies, 2022).
- Paola Caridi, “Hamas: from Resistance to Regime” (New York: Seven Stories Press, 2023, updated edition).
-Tarek Hamoud, “Socializing Hamas: Evaluating the Structural Political Developments in the Islamic Palestinian Resistance Movement as a Ruling Authority Between 2006-2017”, University of Exeter Doctoral Thesis, 2023.
- Basem Ezbidi, "Not Rebel Governance? Hamas’s Rule" in Ibrahim Fraihat and Abdalhadi Alijla (Eds.), Rebel Governance in the Middle East (Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore), pp. 281-318.
-Talha Ismail Duman, “Beyond Sectarianism: Hezbollah and the Lebanese Muslim Brotherhood’s Evolving Alliance in the Context of the Al-Aqsa Flood”, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 51, No.1, (2025), pp. 36-53.
-Khaled Hroub, “Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide (Third Edition)” (London: Pluto Press, 2025)
Lesser Tier Scholarship
Avraham Sela and Shaul Mishal, "The Palestinian Hamas" (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000)
· - Note: contains a number of historical mistakes, pointed out by Khaled Hroub, "Mishal and Sela: The Palestinian Hamas and Schoch: The Islamic Movement", Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 30, No. 4 (Summer 2001) palestine-studies.org/en/node/40973
Zaki Chehab, "Inside Hamas: The Untold Story of the Militant Islamic Movement" (London: I.B. Tauris, 2007).
· - Note: although the text draws from numerous important first-hand accounts conducted by Chebab, it also draws on many zionist intelligence reports.
Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, Hamas: The Islamic Resistance Movement (London: Polity, 2010).
· - Note: relies on myriad zionist partisan journalists.
Tariq Mukhimer, "Hamas Rule in Gaza: Human Rights under Constraint" (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
· - In its attempt to hew towards a putatively objective framework, it elides the political backing of the PA/Fatah-attempted coup against Hamas in 2006-7; however, there are important details/interviews included, making it worth consulting.
Ibrahim Natil, “Hamas Transformation: Opportunities and Challenges” (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015).
· - Note: self-published and lacking in scholarly oversight but less biased than numerous academic texts; however, Sayigh’s book covers much of the same terrain; also note that this is a witness account of Hamas’ governance, written from a first-hand perspective.
Tristan Dunning, “Hamas, jihad and popular legitimacy: reinterpreting resistance in Palestine” (New York: Routledge, 2016).
· - The analytic framework is the sole novel facet
Martin Kear, "Hamas and Palestine: The Contested Road to Statehood" (New York: Routledge, 2018).
· - Interesting from an international relations framework but contains little in the way of first-hand accounts/historical findings.
Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, "Hamas: The Quest for Power" (London: Polity Press, 2024).
· - Note: like the 2010 antecedent version, this relies on myriad zionist partisan journalists.
Netanel Flamer, “The Hamas Intelligence War” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024)
- Qossay Hamed, “The Constant and the Variable in the Ideology of Hamas (2006-2018)”, PhD Dissertation for Political Science, Université de Bordeaux, 2021.
- Leila Seurat, “The Foreign Policy of Hamas” (London: Bloomsbury Press, 2022).
-Jean-François Legrain, “Hamas According to Hamas: A Reading of its Document of General Principles” in Shahram Akbarzadeh (Ed.), “Routledge Handbook of Political Islam”, 2nd Ed., Oxfordshire, Routledge, 2022, pp. 79-90.
-Yahya al-Sanea, "Tarikh Harakat Hamas, Alnash'a Waltatawur" [The History of Hamas Movement, Emergence and Development] (Al-Raya for Research and Studies, 2022).
- Paola Caridi, “Hamas: from Resistance to Regime” (New York: Seven Stories Press, 2023, updated edition).
-Tarek Hamoud, “Socializing Hamas: Evaluating the Structural Political Developments in the Islamic Palestinian Resistance Movement as a Ruling Authority Between 2006-2017”, University of Exeter Doctoral Thesis, 2023.
- Basem Ezbidi, "Not Rebel Governance? Hamas’s Rule" in Ibrahim Fraihat and Abdalhadi Alijla (Eds.), Rebel Governance in the Middle East (Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore), pp. 281-318.
-Talha Ismail Duman, “Beyond Sectarianism: Hezbollah and the Lebanese Muslim Brotherhood’s Evolving Alliance in the Context of the Al-Aqsa Flood”, Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 51, No.1, (2025), pp. 36-53.
-Khaled Hroub, “Hamas: A Beginner’s Guide (Third Edition)” (London: Pluto Press, 2025)
Lesser Tier Scholarship
Avraham Sela and Shaul Mishal, "The Palestinian Hamas" (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000)
· - Note: contains a number of historical mistakes, pointed out by Khaled Hroub, "Mishal and Sela: The Palestinian Hamas and Schoch: The Islamic Movement", Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 30, No. 4 (Summer 2001) palestine-studies.org/en/node/40973
Zaki Chehab, "Inside Hamas: The Untold Story of the Militant Islamic Movement" (London: I.B. Tauris, 2007).
· - Note: although the text draws from numerous important first-hand accounts conducted by Chebab, it also draws on many zionist intelligence reports.
Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, Hamas: The Islamic Resistance Movement (London: Polity, 2010).
· - Note: relies on myriad zionist partisan journalists.
Tariq Mukhimer, "Hamas Rule in Gaza: Human Rights under Constraint" (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
· - In its attempt to hew towards a putatively objective framework, it elides the political backing of the PA/Fatah-attempted coup against Hamas in 2006-7; however, there are important details/interviews included, making it worth consulting.
Ibrahim Natil, “Hamas Transformation: Opportunities and Challenges” (Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015).
· - Note: self-published and lacking in scholarly oversight but less biased than numerous academic texts; however, Sayigh’s book covers much of the same terrain; also note that this is a witness account of Hamas’ governance, written from a first-hand perspective.
Tristan Dunning, “Hamas, jihad and popular legitimacy: reinterpreting resistance in Palestine” (New York: Routledge, 2016).
· - The analytic framework is the sole novel facet
Martin Kear, "Hamas and Palestine: The Contested Road to Statehood" (New York: Routledge, 2018).
· - Interesting from an international relations framework but contains little in the way of first-hand accounts/historical findings.
Beverley Milton-Edwards and Stephen Farrell, "Hamas: The Quest for Power" (London: Polity Press, 2024).
· - Note: like the 2010 antecedent version, this relies on myriad zionist partisan journalists.
Netanel Flamer, “The Hamas Intelligence War” (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024)
Daniel Sobelman, "Axis of Resistance Asymmetric Deterrence and Rules of the Game in Contemporary Middle East Conflicts" (Albany, SUNY Press, 2025), p. 128
⁃zionist source but illuminating review of Operation Guardian of the Walls/Sword of Jerusalem
Poor Quality Scholarship that Amounts to Propaganda:
Dennis Ross (Int.), Matthew Levitt, “Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad” (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006).
-relies exclusively on Neoconservative think tank reports, CIA reports and white papers in favor of regime change, and Zionist think tanks/political figures/non-profits; contextualizes
⁃zionist source but illuminating review of Operation Guardian of the Walls/Sword of Jerusalem
Poor Quality Scholarship that Amounts to Propaganda:
Dennis Ross (Int.), Matthew Levitt, “Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad” (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006).
-relies exclusively on Neoconservative think tank reports, CIA reports and white papers in favor of regime change, and Zionist think tanks/political figures/non-profits; contextualizes
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 Let's reestablish ground.
-ERV's are real, they are insertion of viral DNA in infected cells.
-Fixation of ERV genetic info into host specie is extraordinarily rare, as it must
-infect germline cell
-infected offspring survive and reproduce
-ERV's are real, they are insertion of viral DNA in infected cells.
-Fixation of ERV genetic info into host specie is extraordinarily rare, as it must
-infect germline cell
-infected offspring survive and reproduce
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 --avoid filtration if it interferes with any highly preserved systems.
-pass through tens of thousands of generations
-population wide spread
-pass through tens of thousands of generations
-population wide spread
@Modalsurrealism @LyingWrongAgain @triggerman1976 Rare:
-Germline infection is rare
-Developmental disruption is common
-Initial frequency is vanishingly small
-Drift removes most variants
-Positive selection is rare
-Essential systems tolerate no failure
No examples of ERV fixation in human history
-Germline infection is rare
-Developmental disruption is common
-Initial frequency is vanishingly small
-Drift removes most variants
-Positive selection is rare
-Essential systems tolerate no failure
No examples of ERV fixation in human history
There’s a bitter contradiction unfolding in Latino politics: Latino voters are increasingly rejecting Republicans because of ICE overreach—even as the ICE agents who killed Alex Pretti were themselves Latino. 1/5 A short 🧵to explain
The unmasking of the agents involved in Pretti’s killing won’t calm the outrage. It sharpens it. The issue isn’t ethnicity—its power, impunity, & an enforcement culture that treats entire communities as suspect.
BUT Latino ICE agents complicate things 2/5
BUT Latino ICE agents complicate things 2/5
For many Latino voters, from Miami to Dallas, ICE raids are the breaking point. “Law and order” loses its appeal when it becomes unchecked state violence, shielded from accountability, defended reflexively by one political party. 3/5
