Charles Lister Profile picture
Jun 30, 2020 14 tweets 16 min read Read on X
This thread by @hxhassan is worth a read -- #HTS's violent response to #AlQaeda affiliate Huras Al-Din's overreach will have significant consequences.

A few additional notes of my own, to follow:

- This is all entirely consistent with #HTS/#JFS/#Nusra policy since ~2014.
@hxhassan My understanding of events leading up to the all-out fight differs somewhat -- #HTS's arrest of Abu Saloh al-Uzbeki
& Abu Malik al-Talli were *very* inflammatory to HaD. Both were crucial sources of finance & external networks. Plus, they came amid several escalatory accusations:
@hxhassan 1. After Abu Saloh's arrest, rumor swirled that #Turkey's MIT had transferred messages from #Moscow to #HTS, requesting his extradition via #Ankara in exchange for political & economic rewards.

Abu Saloh is accused of coordinating multiple attacks in #Russia in recent yrs.
@hxhassan 2. In the days following the US drone strike that targeted (& killed) Huras al-Din leader Khalid al-Aruri, #AlQaeda loyalists also accused #HTS elements of leaking Aruri's location (to #Turkey/#MIT) for targeting.

Why? Because Aruri had been working on recruiting #HTS defectors.
@hxhassan 3. Amidst (1) and (2), the paranoia that #HTS might become, or be part of sparking a "Sahwa"-type campaign against #AlQaeda loyalists gained ground.

Thus, HaD took the step to establish checkpoints west of #Idlib city on the roads leading to HaD's strongholds in N & W #Idlib.
@hxhassan The creation of new HaD checkpoints violated a years-old #HTS-HaD agreement.

That those new checkpoints were put together hurriedly, amid intensifying tensions & in close proximity to #Idlib Central Prison all sparked a night-time #HTS response.

And then HaD took the prison.
@hxhassan The #HTS-HaD fighting that followed was more intense than many expected -- and HaD did more damage & held on longer than predicted.

That brings us to what HaD represents, after all this. Has it been weakened? Absolutely. But it's more complicated than that. Here's why:
@hxhassan Unlike #HTS, which seeks to govern and command authority over swathes of territory, HaD wears a different face -- it seeks to be a tight-knit, elite, vanguard-like unit of special forces, who engage in shock attacks, operate behind enemy lines & sustain a guerrilla resistance.
@hxhassan Huras al-Din's loss of towns in close proximity to #Idlib city, like Arab Said, or long-term holdouts like Jisr al-Shughour remove urban basing -- BUT that's not necessarily a bad thing for HaD. In fact, it exacerbates a structural evolution we in the West should worry about.
@hxhassan In all likelihood, we'll now see Huras al-Din & its #AlQaeda-linked allies consolidate on border areas & in the mountainous NE #Latakia region.

Recent events may also engender an internal desire to launch a covert insurgency against #HTS, or even #Turkey's troops inside #Idlib.
@hxhassan A possible Huras al-Din anti-#HTS or anti-#Turkey insurgency in #Idlib raises another rumor that's been doing the rounds for weeks now -- that HaD elements have been behind a string of [very] small-scale attacks on #TSK, #HTS & #NLF positions around the strategic M4 highway.
@hxhassan Since March, #Turkey has slowly forced through joint patrols (w. #Russia) along the M4 -- now creeping increasingly close to the elevated approach to Jisr al-Shughour.

As that progress advanced in recent weeks, #HTS came under heavy pressure from #Ankara to prepare the ground.
@hxhassan When you put all of this together & place yourselves in Huras al-Din's [*conspiratorial*] shoes, then the evidence would appear strikingly clear that #HTS was conspiring with foreign powers (i.e. #Turkey) to defeat #AlQaeda's project in #Syria.

That aligns w. #ISIS's experience.
@hxhassan Though we may never get evidence of this, I'd be confident in predicting some form of limited, localized contact may now begin/resume between #ISIS remnants & especially hardline #AlQaeda elements in NW #Syria.

Contact ≠ cooperation, but who knows; experiences are converging.

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More from @Charles_Lister

Jan 30
After 3 weeks of conflict, a new #Syria-#SDF deal has been reached -- 🧵:

- Ceasefire & pull back from frontlines;
- Gov't MOI entry to #Qamishli, #Hasakeh;
- #SDF integration as individuals into (1) 3 Brigades in 1 MOD Division & (2) 1 #Kobani Brigade in an MOD #Aleppo Division
- #SDF local Asayish to integrate under MOI command;
- #SDF heavy weapons handover;
- #SDF 'autonomous administration' dissolution & integration into gov't institutions;
- Kurdish rights guaranteed;
- Return of IDPs;
- Govt control of all national assets, infrastructure.
The #SDF integration into the state will take time. MOD 'Brigades' will be formed but the process will be on an individual basis: settlement, vetting & reintegration. Elsewhere in #Syria, this has taken weeks, sometimes months.

Presence of #PKK & #Assad remnants = complication.
Read 6 tweets
Jan 7
As part of a US-mediated deal, the #SDF withdrew its military force from #Aleppo city's Kurdish-majority districts of Sheikh Maqsoud & al-Ashrafiyeh in April 2025 -- leaving behind "Asayish" security.

But make no mistake, that was not in any way a demilitarization of the area.
In the months since, the #SDF's Asayish force in #Aleppo have:

a) remained heavily armed, equipped with anti-tank weapons, mortars, recoilless rifles & heavy machine guns;
b) acquired additional weaponry, including suicide drones;
c) continued to dig tunnels for military use.
At every brief escalation between the #SDF's Asayish & gov't forces in #Aleppo, a huge wave of online disinformation has swept the 'information' space.

There are no clean hands here, but the #SDF's intensive effort to shape the narrative with fake news has been staggering.
Read 6 tweets
Nov 26, 2025
In 12 days, #Syria will celebrate the 1yr anniversary of #Assad's fall.

As we approach that milestone, actors hostile to #Syria's transitional gov't have escalated their attempts to trigger spirals of violence -- from #ISIS to anti-gov't insurgents & militia in #Suwayda.

A 🧵:
Late on Nov 22, suspected anti-gov't insurgents slaughtered a Sunni husband & wife outside #Homs, setting fire to the woman's body & using their blood to write sectarian slogans on walls.

It was clearly designed to trigger a retaliatory spiral, but it was contained & no deaths. Image
BUT, #Alawite figures then issued a public call for protests calling for federalism (a provocative trigger for many).

#Syria gov't MOI forces were deployed en masse to protect protests. At one point, anti-gov't insurgents opened fire, but amid localized tensions; no deaths.
Read 9 tweets
Nov 10, 2025
#Syria is set to join the Counter-#ISIS coalition, following months of confidence-building, intelligence sharing, 'tests' & at least x6 joint raids with U.S. forces.

At the core of this relationship is #Syria's Interior Ministry & General Intelligence Directorate --not the MOD.
#Syria's MOI (under Minister Anas Khattab) & General Intelligence (led by Hussein Salama) have coordinated closely with U.S. intelligence, @USSOCOM, @CENTCOM & @CJTFOIR since the Spring of 2025, on 2 goals:

- Defeating #ISIS
- Removing remnants & weapons of #Iran & its militias
@USSOCOM @CENTCOM @CJTFOIR In May, #Syria's MOI was provided with US intelligence on a huge network of #IRGC bunkers, safe-houses, tunnels & weapons caches centered around the village of al-Hari near al-Bukamal -- across the #Iraq border.

Days of #Syria MOI raids followed, seizing tonnes of weaponry. Image
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Read 7 tweets
Oct 16, 2025
#Suwayda has witnessed a recent spike in clashes between rival #Druze militias, while an #Assad regime General in command of the region's 'National Guard' has fired 2 commanders & all their men, stirring major tensions.

A key trigger was a recent visit by an American.

A 🧵:
Roughly a week ago, a controversial American "Tim Ballard" -- a QAnon follower, forced from his own NGO on sexual misconduct allegations, then expelled from the Mormon Church -- visited #Suwayda.

While there, he met #Druze cleric Hikmat al-Hijri & 'National Guard' commanders. Image
While in #Suwayda, Ballard told many of those he met that he was close to President Trump & was there on a "mission" on behalf of #America.

That created a narrative that a US gov't delegation was in #Suwayda, meeting with #Druze leaders -- something that'd have been huge news.
Read 7 tweets
Oct 6, 2025
When #SDF leader Mazloum Abdi signed a framework agreement with #Syria's President al-Sharaa in March, it triggered nationwide celebrations rivaled only by #Assad's fall.

Yet 7 months later, none of the deal has been realized & now the 2 sides are engaged in heavy fighting. 🧵 Image
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In the past 7 months, the #SDF has come under *intense* US pressure to be flexible & move forward on a deal to integrate into the #Syria state.

But that pressure appears to have created a dynamic in which the #SDF has hardened its positions & backtracked on multiple commitments.
Since May 2025, locals in urban centers of #Raqqa & #Hasakeh have reported a *huge* intensification of #SDF tunnel construction -- and photos & video footage shows an extraordinary network of covered tunnel entry points in places like Tabqa, Raqqa, Hasakeh & more. Image
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Read 7 tweets

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