"My heart beats for patient collaboration and that's why I went in Transfusion Medicine...."
Important to know how to approach a #DonorLookBack which is a multistep process a blood establishment must complete as a response to a donor who is newly reactive for an infectious disease test. Check out @bloodbankguy for more information 👆🏼👉🏼 bbguy.org/education/glos…
Look up the relevant laws of blood transfusion check out the Code of Federal Regulations --> Title 21 --> 600 series👉🏼 accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/c…
HIV and HepC positivity in #DonorLookBack are codified and written in federal law (#CodeofFederalRegulations) which provide timelines of identifying and handling products as well as notifying transfused individuals.
Whereas a #marketwithdrawal is when a donor forgets to disclose info requiring further action, NOT due to the error in blood collection following FDA guidelines. An example would be a person who forgot to disclose a pertinent travel history ✈️aabb.org/tm/questionnai…
Next part was a discussion about working through RBC antibody panels! @KreuterMD shared how as a resident working through them caused "panel anxiety" 😲
Me too! 🪜But a step-by-step approach is key. Always ask yourself, "What is the next step?"
Next was a neonatal #Blooducation topic: Neontal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia. Similar to HDFN, this is when antibodies to PLTs cross the placenta and bind to fetal platelets causes neonatal thrombocytopenia.
Important 🔦👶🏼👶🏾points to remember about NAT: 1. ) IgG antibody crosses the placenta and is actively transported to provide passive immunity to the baby
2.) Unlike HDFN, NAT can affect first born babies.
🔍PLT HPA Ags are located on the platelet surface & are are LARGE glycoproteins. They normally serve a functional role in coagulation. These antigens can have point mutations. NAT occurs when a 🤰🏾mother (homozygous for HPA1b antigen) makes Abs against the HPA1a antigens.
🧐The choice of platelet transfusion really depends on the clinical context. For instance, if NAT is suspected and planned C-section is possible, then collecting the mother's antigen negative platelet (washed and irradiated) would be appropriate. @ash_bo21
Big bleeds is another important area within #TransfusionMedicine, and understanding the historical trials that provide us with our key concepts in #traumarescucitation is important.
🌟🅰️🅱️🆎🅾️Absolutely phenomenal #Blooducation lecture covering a range of topics from donor collection to #traumaresuscitation. If you missed it, don't worry! Just scan the HDR below. A million thank yous to @KreuterMD & @Pathologists for providing this learning opportunity!
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23 y/o presents to the ED with fatigue, shortness of breath and gum swelling.
WBC = 57K, Hb/Hct = 5.4/16.3, PLT = 20. You are paged to urgently review the peripheral smear. 👇🏼 Check it out below (turn on 🎶sound)
You confirm that the peripheral smear is positive for 78% blasts.
⁉️What is the next best diagnostic step for this patient?
🙌🏼That’s right. #FlowCytometry is going to provide the blast phenotype, or the markers the blasts express to define it’s lineage. This will direct treatment. If you were to guess, what would you say the phenotype is?
🤩I am constantly marveled by the endless ways in which we #Pathology and #LabMedicine, can use Twitter to engage, share, support & learn from each other. Here is the link to my presentation that celebrates the unlimited opportunities to harness Twitter👉🏽 bit.ly/39kA627
Like the #SolarEclipse that occurred in August 2017, to me, Twitter has been a community wide experience of marveling a visual process that can create a burst of awe at an organic velocity. It's really exciting to be engaged in this global experience.
#AcademicTwitter is using Twitter at the University and Research setting to teach. It has wide range benefits and I recommend reading the following article written by @soragnilab and @Aiims1742 published in @nature that describes this phenomenon. doi.org/10.1038/s41568…
A 23-year-old woman w/ a history of SLE was admitted to the hospital w/ abdominal pain & headache. Purpura is seen on her chest & thighs. Hb /Hct= 8.3,28.4, PLT= 7,000, LDH = 952, Hapto = <8, Ind Bili = 1.2, Cr = 1.2 PT/INR = 1.3. 👇🏼Take a look at her peripheral smear.
The findings above (evidence of hemolysis, drop in platelet count & schistocytes on the peripheral smear) point to a thrombotic microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (TMA). The classic diseases that fall under this category are #TTP & #HUS. Let's review how we manage these patients
A 32-year-old man with HbS/βThalassemia presented to the ED with weakness in his left arm and slurred speech. His HbS is 71%. Take a look at his peripheral smear below, notice the drepanocytes, or sickle-shaped cells.
Since you are the #BloodBank resident on-call, Heme/Onc requests urgent erythrocytaphereisis, otherwise known as #RedCellExchange. 🗣️You reply?
⚠️Yes! You immediately confirm that the line is placed. According to the ASFA Guidelines, RBC exchange is a Category I Recommendation, first-line therapy, for the acute treatment of a stroke and should be started within 6 hours of admission.
24 y/o w/ h/o of Crohn’s Disease presents w/ worsening fatigue, weakness & dizziness. He has mild abdominal pain, but no signs of bleeding. No transfusion history. Infliximab was discontinued for autoimmune hepatitis. Hb/Hct = 4.4/13.5. 👇🏽Check out his peripheral smear below.
🤨Since you are the Heme/Onc Fellow on-call, you are 📟paged to consult on this patient’s anemia. What are the first labs you would order to assess #hemolysis? #Blooducation#BBRounds#PathTweetorial
🔎When suspecting a hemolytic anemia, 4 hemolytic indexes can help you quickly determine the etiology of the patient's bleeding.
📰🧪Our patient’s lab results: LDH= 408, Hapto<8, IndBili =3.8 %Retic >30% which indicate a hemolytic anemia with adequate bone marrow response.
Thursday #Blooducation schmooze on the topic of anti-G antibodies as they pertain to pregnancy and #HDFN. 👇🏽Follow the thread below to get capture the key points🅰️🅱️🆎🅾️🤰🏽👶🏽 Let's get started. #PathTweetorial
🚧The anti-G antibody can cause confusion because it presents on a panel as a combination of anti-D and anti-C, sometimes called "anti-CD", when truly, an anti-D may not be present at all 🤦🏽♀️
⁉️What type of patients can form an anti-G?
Anti-G antibodies are formed when an Rh(D) neg person, generally rr (dce/dce ) individuals, are exposed through transfusion/pregnancy, to either C+, D+ or C+D+ blood. That's because the G-Ag is always found on C+ & mostly on the D+ RBCs. This is what the panel would look like👇🏽