So happy to see a paper by my graduate student, Daniel Kim, chosen as a spotlight for the @JVirology ππΌ Daniel found that HSV-1 genome binds to RUNX1 and represses transcription of viral genes - a possible viral strategy to achieve latent infection. (1/n)
Herpesviruses establish latent infection in neurons and leukocytes that express RUNX1 (transcription factor). Curiously, herpesvirus genomes are enriched in RUNX1 binding sites but not other viruses. (2/n)
Overexpression of RUNX1 but not RUNX3 (a related transcription factor that is not expressed in the cell type in which HSV-1 established latency) blunts HSV-1 infection in vitro. (3/n)
The fact that HSV-1 and HSV-2 both contain more RUNX1 binding sites than what would be expected from random chance may seem counterintuitive. Why would a virus want to repress their gene expression? We think that virus is using RUNX1 to establish latency in the DRG neurons. (4/n)
Daniel Kim led this work, and many others contributed. This project started out from an idea proposed by @RMedzhitov during Will Khoury-Hanoldβs committee mtg. Very grateful to @GoodrumVirusLab for serving as an awesome editor for #JVirology ππΌ (end)
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As we approach the cold winter months in the Northern Hemisphere, I want to share these movies of mucociliary clearance (MCC) in the trachea of mice housed at 10% vs. 50% relative humidity (RH). Captured by @ericsongg (1/n)
MCC is a key mechanism of removal of inhaled particles, including viruses and bacteria. It is a primary defense mechanism of the respiratory tract. The dry air dehydrates the mucus and periciliary layer, impairing MCC. (3/n)
In this new Commentary, @SaadOmer3 and I discuss the birth & evolution of vaccine science, how vaccinations have changed our world, the current state of vaccines, remaining challenges & future outlook. #VaccinesSaveLives (1/n)
Live attenuated vaccines worked well by themselves. But, immunization using toxoid alone induced poor immunity. #GastonRamon found that toxoid injected with βstuffβ incl. tapioca, lecithin, agar, starch oil, saponin or breadcrumbs improved immunity. (2/n)
While Alum became the adjuvant used in vaccines for past 100 years, there is a recent expansion in new adjuvants with potent capacity to boost immunity to vaccines. Discovery of pattern recognition receptors and their ligands laid foundation for thisππ½ @YaleIBIO (3/n)
In the best case scenario, a rapid and robust induction of IFN-I should result in viral control and mild disease. This may happen in young people, or with low viral exposure settings. For a discussion we wrote, please read this.
(2/n) cell.com/cell-host-micrβ¦
In older adults or after high dose viral exposure, impaired IFN response early during infection results in enhanced viral replication, and prolonged levels of IFN-I and IFN-III responses that could result in pathological consequences and severe disease. (3/n)
I am the luckiest person in the world to have such wonderful trainees who organized the most amazing #IwasakiLabReunion/birthday zoom party yesterday. I am still in awe of how incredibly inspiring it was. Here are a few highlights I want to share with you. (1/)
The event started with a delicious lunch delivered to my door for me and my family, to be followed later by my favorite dinner π£and π πΎ π in the evening π They really know how to spoil me! The entire day was packed with amazing talks, trivia sessions and Prince songs π(2/)
All of this is hard to believe. The fact that my lab survived for 20 years, I was blessed with incredible trainees, such diverse people and science that supported the lab, and the next generation of scientists it fostered. Grateful does not begin to describe how I feel. (3/)
An excellent new study by @BrodinPetterβs team on the differences between MIS-C and Kawasaki disease. This is incredibly timely and informative. Here are a couple of highlights. (1/)
While there are some common features, MIS-C and Kawasaki disease differ in important areas. Non-overlapping symptoms and organ involvement, as well as the age group affected. Age in months in this study of MIS-C patients, 106 (71.1 - 165.4), and Kawasaki 24.5 (15.8 - 41.8). (2/)
Kawasaki disease patients have much higher levels of cytokines, IL-6, IL-17A and chemokine CXCL10, than either COVID-19 or MIS-C patients. (3/)