Xylazine, a veterinary tranquilizer, is showing up in heroin and other dope today.
π¨ xyalzine is NOT levamisole π¨
Pay attention, this is something different. A brief 𧡠timeline below by @mary_figgatt @UNCpublichealth @UNC_IPRC
π¨ xyalzine is NOT levamisole π¨
Pay attention, this is something different. A brief 𧡠timeline below by @mary_figgatt @UNCpublichealth @UNC_IPRC
1962- xylazine synthesized by Bayer in Germany, possible medicine for high blood pressure in humans
doi:10.1136/vr.85.19.512
doi:10.1136/vr.85.19.512
Late 1960s - Whoops, too sedating for humans in clinical trials. But wait, how about as a veterinary anesthetic? 
1970s - Gains popularity in veterinary circles for large animal procedures, often used in combination with other immobilizing drugs π΄π¦πππ
mid 1970s - Concerns arise about xylazine's transient impact on depressing hemoglobin ... including in impalas (yes, impalas). But vet use continues
meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/10β¦
meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/10β¦
Late 1970s & 1980s - Several case reports of overdoses among people using xylazine, mostly animal handlers
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6115734/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6115734/
1990s - Widespread vet use, but lingering concerns about hematological impacts (in horses, goats, etc.)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11205163/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11205163/
Early 2000s, Puerto Rico - Xylazine becomes a somewhat common substance used alongside heroin
substanceabusepolicy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11β¦
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
substanceabusepolicy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11β¦
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
2005 - First reports of atypical skin ulcers among people regularly using xylazine
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
2006 - xylazine identified in several people who fatally overdosed in Philadelphia, suggesting expansion of xylazine in the drug supply
2019 - Philadelphia starts seeing xylazine in nearly one-third of people who fatally overdosed from heroin or fentanyl
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/Pβ¦
Feb 2021 - National attention
cnn.com/2021/02/04/us/β¦
cnn.com/2021/02/04/us/β¦
March 2021 - Xylazine in Baltimore
https://twitter.com/JosephPalamar/status/1370006978974613511
December-March: Xylazine detected in Mass. and NC. More info coming soon.
March 2019 - Xylazine in Connecticut @DrMelissaWeimer @jenlikesfacts
https://twitter.com/drmelissaweimer/status/1338494965207474176?s=21
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