We can’t vaccinate our way out of the pandemic.
We need both: Vaccines AND Public Health (PH) measures.
It was barely possible w/ original variant (A). W/ Delta, both PH measures and vaccines became less effective (B). But combined – they may still work.
Theoretical model:
1/
Even if vaccines are only 60% efficient against transmission & only 75% eligible people (64% total) get vaccinated, by combining PH measures & vaxx we may still be able to control the spread (C). Barely.
But…
2/
But if by allowing the reckless spread we culture a variant 2x more transmissible than Delta → our current strategy (i.e. acting only when ICUs get full) won’t work anymore.
Our tools: PH measures & vaccines will not be effective enough to quickly halt the exp. growth (D)
Appendix:
Real life experiment demonstrating that vaccinations *alone* don't stop Delta growth. UK (54% total population fully vaxxed), Israel (61% pop fully vaxxed, w/ Pfizer), Netherlands (46% pop fully vaxxed) 👇
Plus: When there are cases → there are hospitalizations.
Addition to tweet #3. We don't need to wait for a variant w/ R0 = 12.
A variant w/ R0 = 8 might be already uncontrollable.
Alberta: Current measures made the growth rate less extreme.
B117 is doubling now every 20 days instead of every 7 days.
It's still very fast - similar to doubling time in the 2nd wave (18 days)
Current measures are insufficient to bend the curve downwards.
Ln scale graph 👇
At this rate we can expect:
3,000 daily new cases on May 12
4,000 daily new cases on May 22
2/
This wave is worse than the fall one.
2nd wave: at 1877 daily cases we had 100 ICUs
3rd wave: at 1860 daily cases we have 146 ICUs, and *we are still growing*
That's *despite* many people being already vaccinated. W/o vaccines it would be even worse.
B117 grows exponentially in AB *since 3 months*.
Doubling time as of Mar 14: 11 days, R=1.29
That’s fast. During AB fall surge cases were doubling every 18 days.
At this rate AB may have:
Apr 19, 1000 daily new cases,
May 03, 2000 daily new cases
1/
Future effects of reopenings and vaccinations are not included in this projection.
Reopenings will speed the growth up.
Vaccines…
2/
We don’t know exactly how effective the vaccines are against transmission.
Let’s assume 60% effectiveness:
Then, in order to break the exponential growth of B117, i.e. to reduce its R from current 1.29 to 1.00, 38% of people would need to be vaccinated.
We are not there yet.
3/
A great simulation comparing the spread of variants over ~6 weeks, starting from 100 cases.
Wild Type R = 0.7
Assuming B117: 50% more transmissible, P1: 70% more transmissible than the Wild Type.
R=0.7 is what AB had at the end of the shut-down last spring. Wild Type daily case count was halving every 8 days.
Under that conditions P1 would still spread like a wildfire.
Please play/run the simulation few times.
Stochasticity (randomness): Each time the result is different, but Wild Type always goes down, while P1 in vast majority of runs shoots up super fast.