With the delta suge, masks mandates are reintroduced.
Yet, a concern has been if masks mandates make people relax other meaures?
In a new article, we show that mask mandates have neglible adverse effects and often lead to *more* compliance: doi.org/10.1093/eurpub….
🧵(1/6)
Prior studies suggests that masks serve as a pandemic reminder to others and make others keep distance. But it was unclear how masks influence the distancing behavior of mask-wearers *themselves*. (2/6)
The problem is not trivial: Masks are used in crowded areas, creating a correlation between mask use & number of close contacts. But do masks make people seek out crowded areas bc of a sense of false security? I.e., what is the causal direction between masks and contacts? (3/6)
To disentagle this, we used a quasi-experimental design, combining 3 policy changes in mask mandates in Denmark and massive representative surveys of mask use, contacts & attention to hygiene and distancing advice. Each day 500 persons were surveyed (total N=106,880). (4/6)
Our core finding is that one policy change (mandatory masks in public transport) has a small adverse effect of on distancing attention. Yet, the two other changes (masks in restaurants & in public places) has *positive* effects on adherence and reduces contacts. (5/6)
Our findings suggests that adverse effects on the social behavior of the mask user are, at worst, small and can be buffered by clear communication from the authorities. In other words, mask as a pandemic control measure is not limited by risk-compensation. (6/6)
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Today, Denmark lifted all restrictions & COVID-19 is no longer deemed a "societal threat".
I led the country's largest behavioral covid-project (@HopeProject_dk) & advised the Danish gov.
Here are my thoughts on how DK got here, what can be learned & what lies ahead.
🧵 (1/14)
In the HOPE-project ("How Democracies Cope With COVID-19", hope-project.dk), we have conducted over 400,000 interviews on covid-related behaviors and attitudes since March '20 in Denmark and 7 other countries. These data form the evidence-base for this thread. (2/13)
The basis for an open society is vaccinations. 86 % of all invited (from 12 years and up) have received 1+ dose. 96 % of everyone above 50 are fully vaccinated. Throughout the pandemic DK has had higher acceptance than many comparable countries. No mandates needed. (3/14)
En teori er, at "pæne" folk ikke kan styre følelserne, når de er online. I en ny forskningsartikel viser vi, at den teori er forkert: psyarxiv.com/hwb83/.
Grafen viser, at den almindelige dansker klart oplever, at online politiske debatter (mørke-grå fordeling) er mere negative og ubehagelige end offline debatter (lyse-grå fordeling). (2/8)
Men hadet skyldes et lille fåtal. Langt de fleste er ikke hadefulde, dvs. er placeret omkring (0,0) i grafen. Og dem der er hadefulde er lige hadefulde online og offline. (3/8)
Status-seekers are hostile online & offline, but their online attacks are more visible. Nice people do not go crazy online.
🧵(1/10)
We use representative surveys from the US and Denmark to document that people perceive online environments as more hostile than offline. In figure, higher values equals more perceived hostility and dark gray plots show distribution for "online debates". (2/10)
A common narrative, the mismatch hypothesis, says this reflects a mismatch between (a) a psychology adapted for face-to-face interaction and (b) the impersonal online environment. We test 3 versions of this hypothesis: Mismatched-induced change, selection and perception (3/10)
🚨 How should authorities communicate about #covid19 vaccines? A concern is that transparency about side-effects will induce hesistancy. In our new paper in @PNASNews, we show that even if transparency induces hesistancy, it is key for sustaining a core resource: Trust. 🧵 [1/7]
In 2 pre-registered tests with 13,000+ Americans & Danes, we show how transparency & content of vaccine info shapes acceptance, trust & conspiracy beliefs. We compare transparency with an often used form of communication in patient-doctor relationships: Vague reassurance. [2/7]
We show that transparency regarding negative features of a COVID-vaccine decreases acceptance. Importantly, so does vague reassuring communication ("Don't worry - it is fine!"). Vagueness is, in essence, seen as a cover-up. [3/7]
Regeringen udgav i går en rapport om "fake news" (kum.dk/aktuelt/nyhede…). Den viser, at der er stor bekymring for "fake news". Derfor må SoMe medier reguleres og traditionelle medier styrkes.
MEN diagnosen er forkert og kan i sig selv gøre ondt værre.
Rapporten viser, at mange danskere er bekymrede for "fake news". Rapporten siger dog eksplicit, at den ikke ønsker at redegøre for problemets faktiske omfang. Men det bliver man nødt til, hvis man ønsker at bruge bekymringen som argument for faktisk politik. [2/6]
Trods suspensionen af AZ-vaccinen er opbakningen i DK og en række andre lande uændret. I DK er opbakningen stadig særdeles høj. [2/9]
Ligeledes er tilliden til sundhedsmyndighederne og forskere ikke faldet trods AZ-tumulten. Den er snarere steget. Forskning fra HOPE viser, at transparent kommunikation om negative forhold ved vacciner netop kan øge tilliden (psyarxiv.com/vx84n/). [3/9]