Slowing population growth can have broad benefits for society, including enhancing the many ways that older citizens enrich our communities, write The University of Queensland Jane O'Sullivan and ADB's Dr Susann Roth
This is highly debatable.
China has rolled back its one-child policy and is now incentivizing population growth.
Singaporeans are not replacing themselves at the desired rate, and hence they have to import foreigners into their markets to fill in positions.
Canada, Australia and Newzealand invite immigrants to fill in their countries because they have low population density figures compared to other countries having a large landmass.
Greying of Japan and some European Nations has caused a demographic crisis which might lower economic growth in the long run
But, at the same time, they are countries in South Asia, and probably the stand-off case in Africa is that of Egypt, where population size has created tremendous pressure on resource sharing, employment generation, access to health care and education, energy production,
food security, and this arguably jointly leading to increased poverty count, and reduced economic emancipation.
Bangladesh is a successful model of an outward paying developing economy which has done well by controlling its population size over the years.
Many other examples exist.
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Currency Devaluation or Depreciation might be helpful in outward paying economies that have an export-led model of growth.
Economies where the majority of the derived demand is based on domestic commercial activity, might find currency price reduction as a harrowing systemic risk
The first thing that an IMF Program desires from its client states is that they should devalue or assist market-based depreciation of their nominal exchange rate.
In this way, the economy can instil a shock by means of which macroeconomic adjustment will take place!
Reducing CAD
All client states that borrow to finance the balance of payments gap, working under the IMF Program, lose their economic sovereignty and turn into satellite states.
The International Political Economy of the IMF Structural Adjustment Program needs understanding.
These are tools
Had an interesting encounter with a management consulting firm which wants to set up an ERM Desk for one of its client in the E&P Sector
So I enquired about the client expectations?
Con: Client wants a friendly Risk Dept.
Me: What's friendly?
Con: No authorizations or approvals
Well, that is the general problem across different industries.
Even in the financial sector, remember meeting a client that wanted me to design the JD of a #CRO who would report to the #CFO.
Another, e.g. where the Risk Manager was made subordinate to the Chief Investment Officer
Furthermore, they want GRC/ERM or any other Control Staff to be highly understanding of the business process, and remain courteous even if risks are being materialized and losses are mounting
Never work as a Risk Professional where the notion of making a Profit at all costs exist
There is a vested commercial interest in increasing #complexity around everything.
Some scholars and intellectual propagandists would like to make things appear overly complicated because that is how they can make money.
#Complexity problem can be broken down by asking relevant straightforward questions and providing equally relevant simple-minded answers which address the root causes and understands the effects.
Many students doing basic mathematics cannot distinguish between #iteration, #simulation, and #emulation as different methods of experiment design.
Even further surprised why so many students don't know the similarity and the difference between computation and calculation.
These are some of the basic mistakes which one, embedded into the mind, will work their way right into a workplace and destroy our educational foundations
For, e.g. when I was teaching Introduction to FRM Financial Risk Management, I noticed many students thought they are three different types of VaR - Value at Risk.
What they didn't realize is that VaR can be computed using different models aka methodologies, namely, HS, VCV, MCS.
Did the #Irish Central Bank provide sovereign guarantees to buyers of Irish Bank Bonds and other contractual debt liabilities classified as fixed income securities, before the #GFC struck?
I asked this question after watching Professor Kelly on YouTube.
He was describing how the #Irish Central Bank allowed banks to import capital in large sums, and later lend it out to housing finance borrowers.
That created a severe #ALM Mismatch, as homes are not liquid assets.
Only after the #GFC, did the Irish and other banks realize that a run on the #deposits could lead to financial #insolvency. #Ruin#Risk by definition is the gap between Unexpected #Loss and Expected Loss.
As the gap increases, the chances of financial ruin and #default rises too!