Pt w right HF and high probability pulmonary hypertension

TAPSE 15 mm, TRVmax 4.1 m/s, paradoxical septal motion

Renal Venous Doppler 👇

According to doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.1…, Which curve color would best describe this patient's PH-related morbidity?

Poll and 🧵👇

1/6 ImageImage
Which curve in the Kaplan Meier Curve above best fits this particular patient?

2/6
The Renal Doppler shown 👆 looks like a biphasic pattern. This would mean the green curve 🟢

However there is a catch.....

3/6 Image
This is not the correct location for evaluating renal congestion

It should be done in an intra-renal vein (arcuate, interlobar) and NOT the main renal vein!

The main renal vein displays more pulsatility than intra-renal veins.

This is an example from a healthy person:

4/6 Image
In fact, this is the actual interlobar renal vein from the case discussed.

It is definitely NOT biphasic. I would call it pulsatile.

So the answer is the red 🔴 curve!

5/6 Image
IRV Doppler can sometimes be hard to get and can easily be misinterpreted. This is why #VExUS exists!

In this case IVC was non plethoric, hepatic and portal veins had normal flow patterns (#VExUS = 0) arguing agains a "biphasic" intra-renal venous flow!

END/ ImageImageImage

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More from @ArgaizR

28 Aug
One of my favorite and most intriguing causes of severe venous congestion (#VExUS = 3)

A 🧵on High Output Heart Failure (HOHF) 1/18
First, the index case:

Clip above shows hyperdynamic flow from the vena cava

#echofirst 👇: Very dilated and plethoric IVC, LV OK, Dilated RV, D sign

Overall: Increased Right heart filling pressures

2/18
IVC = 3.4 cm
Portal Vein = > 100% pulsatility
LVOT VTI = 26
TRVmax = 3.04 m/s

So we have:

Venous Congestion (IVC, Portal Vein)
High Cardiac Output (LVOT-VTI)
Pulmonary Hypertension (TRVmax)

3/18
Read 18 tweets
13 Jul
#AKIConsultSeries

👴 w Advanced Cirrhosis, hemorrhagic portal hypertension and hx of a heart block (w pacemaker).

Came to the ED w diarrhea 2/2 severe C. Diff.

Now in shock...

Initial resus with Norepinephrine 0.3 ug/kg/min, Crystalloid and albumin. Cr 3.8

1/7
18 hrs later, no renal improvement + oliguria.

MABP 70, CRT 2 seconds. 🧠 confused, + asterixis. No ascites or edema

Workup: hemodynamic AKI (⬆️SG, ⬇️UNa, ⬆️BUN/Cr, bland sediment)

Team wants to continue fluids, albumin and antibiotics... Dr. Harris, do you concur?

2/7
Obviously you are here for the #POCUS so here we go:

IVC: Plethoric (No subX window 2/2 intestinal air)
LV, RV: Relatively preserved systolic fx
Pacemaker lead seen causing important Tricuspid Regurgitation!

3/7
Read 7 tweets
3 May
AKI Consult: 👵 ➡️ ED with severe DKA. CT Abdomen and Chest to look for infectious trigger: negative. Tx with IV insulin and balanced crystalloid + 6 L with obvious improvement. Cr was 2.7

Remained oliguric, now in sudden shock with increasing NE dose (0.5 ucg/kg/min) 🚨 1/12
#POCUS Very hyper-dynamic🫀 with increased contractility and no RV dysfunction.

🔎 Look carefully at color of flow exiting the LV:

Aliasing (green color): This means ultrasound system is trying to image an event that is occurring faster than the sample rate

2/12
This means flow is fast. But how fast? Choose the CW doppler setting and find out!

In this case acceleration was almost 6 m/s!

Flow acceleration occurs in the setting of obstruction (similar to putting your finger on the hose exit)

So what is causing the obstruction? 3/12
Read 12 tweets
16 Feb
Pt w advanced liver cirrhosis. 🏥 Comes w worsening ascites. No fever🤒, no bleeding🩸. 🧠 ok, no asterixis. BP 91/50. Labs📈: AKI (Cr 3.0 mg/dl), UNa 7 mEq/L, bland sediment. #POCUS 👉small cirrhotic liver with significant ascites. Paracentesis ruled out PBE. 📊Poll below👇 1/11
What would your initial treatment be? 2/11
Don't treat reflexively. A thorough physical exam ♥️🩺revealed a systolic murmur at left lower sternal border. Neck exam 👇

Sitting Down (90º) /// Supine (45º) 3/11
Read 11 tweets
10 Feb
📞 Nurse: Patient has a blood pressure of 226/118 mmHg!
📞 Resident: Nifedipine 30 mg STAT!
.....
📞 Me: About that last call, please hold Nifedipine until we assess the patient

A 🧵of some cases of Inpatient Hypertension 👇 1/15
🔎🖥️..This was a pt w ARDS on IMV. Other vitals 🆗. Previous BP= normal, no recent change in sedation, vent 🆗, no asynchronies. UOP = 0 for 2 hrs 🤔. Exam: Distended bladder!

After foley catheter change, BP normalised 😎

Why do we have this reflex to treat acute high BP? 2/15
A big component is the perceived expectation that we must do something! (In our minds, Are we trying to prevent organ injury?)

A great example can be seen here 👇 3/15

Read 15 tweets
16 Oct 20
Elderly ♂️, PMH of T2DM and CKD.

Suspected COVID-19 because of shortness of breath. Sent to the COVID-19 ED service.

No fever, no cough. No chest pain. Physical exam with patient sitting up (almost 90°):

¿Is this neck pulse arterial or venous? 1/8
Pulse is diffuse and the most striking feature is inward movement. I borrowed this table from @AndreMansoor's must-see lecture on Jugular Venous Pulse **Curiously, notice that there is a single peak instead of the expected double peak 🤔 2/8
I had to get my probe! #POCUS showed severely reduced EF with anterior wall motion abnormality and normal RV function.

EKG showed anterior ST segment changes. This was ACS! Cath lab was activated

3/8
Read 8 tweets

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