14 days to 3 months after taking the 2nd shot: :
- 94% effectiveness @ COVID-related death
- 92% effectiveness @ COVID-related hospitalisation
2. What is real-world effectiveness?
It’s data from an actual vaccine roll-out. During studies jabs = used under tightly controlled conditions. In the real world those conditions = more fluid. Real-world data = how well jabs work outside of a trial.
3. Is there a difference between the protection offered by 1 dose of the #Pfizer jab and 2 doses?
Yes.
- 1 dose = 78% effective @ hospitalisation (28 days after you’ve had a jab)
- 2 doses = 94% effective @ hospitalisation (14 days after the 2nd jab)
1. They used the same method scientists use to measure how well influenza jabs work. 2. It’s called a test-negative design study (comparing the vaccination status of people with +#COVID19 tests to those with -#COVID tests).
6. Does the sex of a fully vaccinated person influence how likely they are to get hospitalised because of #COVID19?
No. Vaccinated men and women (of 18+) are equally likely to get admitted (or not admitted) to hospital.
7. Do specific chronic conditions (comorbidities, e.g. #HIV, #diabetes) influence how likely a fully vaccinated person is to get hospitalised because of #COVID19?
No, but what does matter is how MANY chronic conditions a person has (see next tweet).
8. Does the nr of chronic conditions (comorbidities) that a fully vaccinated person has influence how likely they are to get hospitalised?
Yes. People with 3 or more conditions are more likely to fall seriously ill with #COVID and be admitted to hospital.
9. How does AGE influence how likely a fully vaccinated person is to be hospitalised because of #COVID19?
People of 80+ are most likely to get admitted — but even for older people, the risk remains relatively low (protection = 88% for 80+ vs. 92-94% for all 18+).
10. Did the effectiveness of the #Pfizer jab wane over a period of 3 months (the data interval looked at)?
No. Studies that will look at waning immunity over longer periods of time in SA are being conducted.
11. Do #Pfizer jabs give people who've had #COVID19 more protection than they'd have if they relied on natural immunity only?
YES.
If you’ve had COVID + fully vaccinated, your risk of hospitalisation = 98% reduced. If you rely on natural immunity only your risk = 85% reduced.
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[Thread] 1. BREAKING: Treasury has awarded @healthza emergency funds of R753 528-mil via section 16 of the Public Finance Management Act to help fill the gap of the #Trump administration's cutting of #HIV and #TB grants.
2. R590 407-mil of the total of R753 528-mil will go to provinces for #HIV service delivery.
R32 121-mil will go to @healthza to support the CCMDD programme (this delivers chronic meds such as #ARin communities so people don't have to line up at clinics)
3. R132-mil of the total of R753 528-mil will go to the SA Medical Research Council to support medical research (lots of US grants were lost, especially from the NIH, although it looks like some of cuts may now be recversed by the NIH. science.org/content/articl…
🧵1. BREAKING: The peer-reviewed results of the study of a 6-monthly jab, #lenacapavir, in which not a single of the 2134 women between 16-25 years who received the jab contracted #HIV, were released at #Aids2024.
2. Women often find it hard to adhere to daily #oralPrEP. In the Purpose 1 trial, 91.5% of women returned on time for their next #lenacapavir jab at 26 weeks and 92.8% at week 52.
3. Only 4 women out of 2134 (0.2%) who received #lenacapavir dropped out of the trial because of injection-site reactions.
[Thread] 12 things to know about the the proportion of pregnant women infected with #HIV from SA’s latest antenatal HIV survey. The survey is conducted by the @nicd_sa.
(Analysis of our 95-95-95 goals in my next thread later in Jan).
1/12
2. What is the antenatal #HIV survey?
1. It measures the % of HIV+ pregnant women between the ages of 15 + 49. 2. Only women using state pregnancy clinics take part. 3. The survey has been conducted each year between 1990-2015, then in 2017, 2019 +2022.
3. How many pregnant women between 15-49’s blood was tested for #HIV? 37 828 out of 40 542 collected samples.
- 37 7171 = Black African women
- 37 541 didn’t live with the dad of their child
- 35,635 of dads were 5 years+ older than moms (this makes them more likely to get HIV)
JUST IN [Thread]:
1.@healthza's Lesley Broomberg:
An extra #COVID19 booster jab for people of 18+ in SA will become available towards the end of JANUARY
- People of 50+ qualify for a 5th dose
- People of 18+ qualify for a 4th dose
2. Lesley Broomberg: Can you mix and match with additional boosters? Yes. You can choose whether you want a #JnJ or #Pfizer booster.
3. Lesley Broomberg:
Will teens of 12-17 qualify for boosters? Not at this stage. Why not? The #VMAC = not recommended booster doses for 12-17, based on an understanding that the protection provided by 2 #Pfizer doses = adequate, as 12-17 = @ low risk of severe #COVID19 illness
[Thread] #JoePhaahla:
- Genomic surveillance Network reported the detection of the new subvariant XBB.1.5 in SA of a sample of a patient tested on 22 Dec
- Details of the patient = not known, it was a random sample taken for testing
- XBB.1.5 = also common in US
2. XBB.1.5 = common in US
#JoePhaahla:
- 97%+ of #COVID19 cases worldwide = still #Omicron
- XBB.1.5 cases = no major change in hospitalisations or deaths
- Immunity of SAs (vax and natural immunity) = still strong, so that is why we haven't seen much change in terms of hospital admissions/deaths
Which APIs will Aspen use?
India's Serum Institute's
2. Why is it NB that an African company makes these jabs?
#Africa imports almost all its jabs. #COVID19 showed us this results in Africa being last in line to get vaccines during pandemics. The grant to Aspen is 1 of the 1st steps to change that.
3. What's the goal?
By 2040, the African Union wants #Africa to make 60% of the jabs the continent uses.
Why?
So that Africa is better equipped 2 respond 2 outbreaks (by developing the ability to make jabs + have technology in place to also make new jabs during pandemics).