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Jan 24, 2022 7 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Different cell types in the brain have their own connectivity rules and patterns. In a recently published study, our #neuroscience researchers took a deep dive into the connectomics of an important but enigmatic cell type, the chandelier cell. 🧵1

📄 elifesciences.org/articles/73783
🔬 💻 Using large-scale #electronmicroscopy with automated segmentation, we mapped the complete axo-axonic input onto pyramidal neurons (1,929 synapses in total, 1,127 from chandelier cells) in a volume of layer 2/3 of mouse visual cortex. #ImagingTheFuture #BrainMapping🧵2
By completely reconstructing the presynaptic chandelier cells, we found a novel principle of connectivity, where a group of interneurons are essentially interchangeable, but their postsynaptic targets individually regulate the amount of input they receive from the population. 🧵3
Meanwhile, @junzhuang3 devised a way to measure the activity of chandelier cells during behavior while @anirban6908 and @BrainiacCostas brought together both structural and functional data to model the impact of chandelier cells on the neurons they target. 🧵4
Beyond the specific discoveries regarding the structure and function of chandelier cells, this work will serve as a framework for how cell-type specific connectivity will be studied with modern methods of anatomy, genetics and modeling. 🧵5
The EM dataset, proofread segmentations, and synaptic connectivity used for this study is fully open and available at microns-explorer.org. #openscience 🧵6
Our EM reconstruction relied heavily on #machinelearning from the @SebastianSeung lab and was produced as part of the @IARPAnews MICrONs program with @AToliasLab. The EM data is fully open and available to browse and download at microns-explorer.org. #openscience 🧵7

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More from @AllenInstitute

Jun 9, 2023
An overactive inflammatory response could be at the root of many long #COVID cases, according to a new study from the Allen Institute for #Immunology and @fredhutch. 🧵 alleninstitute.org/news/many-long…
Scientists have seen previous links between inflammation and long #COVID, but the new study – out today in @NatureComms – is the first to trace the persistence of these inflammatory markers over time in the same patients. (2/5) nature.com/articles/s4146…
Out of 55 patients with long #COVID, ~2/3 had persistently high levels of certain signals of inflammation. The Allen Institute team was able to differentiate two kinds of #LongCOVID, inflammatory long COVID (in red) and non-inflammatory (in blue). (3/5) Graph with "Days post ...
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Jul 28, 2022
We are going cell by cell to uncover the cause for #Alzheimers disease.🌟 Announcing the first major #openscience data release from SEA-AD, a @NIHAging-funded collaboration with @UWMedicine and @KPWaResearch taking steps to #endALZ. #AllenImpact 🧵1 alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/bra…
Visit: sea-ad.org to access the Seattle Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Cell Atlas and freely explore the #openscience data. #AllenImpact #endALZ #Alzheimers 🧵2
This #openscience data examines the specific types of brain cells that die off or change in #Alzheimers disease. These insights could lead to better therapies to slow or halt the disease’s progression. #endALZ #AllenImpact 🧵3
Read 5 tweets
Feb 9, 2022
Announcing 23 Allen Distinguished Investigator awards —representing $15.5M in total funding— aiming to advance #FrontierScience in: neural circuits of under-studied organisms, advances in mammalian synthetic biology & micropeptides involved in immunity 🧵1
alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/fro…
Allen Distinguished Investigator Robyn Crook @SFStateBIO is leading a project to study the neural control of movement in cephalopods, animals that have the most complicated nervous systems of the invertebrate world. #FrontierScience 🐙
alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/fro… 🧵 2 Image
How does a new kind of behavior arises in evolution? Allen Distinguished Investigators @neuroluci, & @SGRodriques at @TheCrick are studying larvae brains of a species of fruit fly that have evolved to jump 10 times their body length. #FrontierScience alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/fro… 🧵 3 Image
Read 13 tweets
Feb 8, 2022
Brain mapping requires thorough synaptic measurements with diverse subclasses of neurons. Check out our latest #neuroscience publication: “Synaptic connectivity to L2/3 of primary visual cortex measured by two-photon #optogenetic stimulation”
📄 elifesciences.org/articles/71103 🧵 1
Our team [including @trav_ha, @timjarsky, @HongkuiZeng & @lukecampagnola] + @bakermind combined optogenetic stimulation with simultaneous multicellular recording to measure synaptic connections within cortical microcircuits. #optogenetics🧵 2
The reliability of multiphoton optogenetic stimulation was measured across Cre lines & connectivity measurements were verified by #patchclamp recordings 🧵 3
Read 8 tweets
Oct 31, 2019
In a new study out in @nature, our researchers make a big step forward in our quest to map the brain. Study findings lay the groundwork to better understand brain disorders & diseases such as #Alzheimers and #schizophrenia.

alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/bra…
This new study describes a high-resolution expansion of our #openscience Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas-- the most detailed map of connections in a mammalian brain to date. Access via: connectivity.brain-map.org
Using a computational approach, our researchers found that different sections of the cortex and thalamus can be mapped into a hierarchy, much like a company’s org chart – although not all connections followed this hierarchical structure. #brainmapping
Read 5 tweets

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