Itay Epshtain Profile picture
Feb 17 16 tweets 7 min read
BREAKING: According to @cogatonline, in the last five years, #Palestinians in Area C were granted 33 building permits, while during the same period, settlers - transferred to occupied territory in violation of #IHL - were granted over 16,500 building permits. Annexation de facto.
The Occupying Power shall not deport or transfer parts of its own civilian population into the territory it occupies. It is intended to prevent a practice adopted during the Second World War by certain Powers (...)
which transferred portions of their own population to occupied territory for political and racial reasons or in order, as they claimed, to colonize those territories. Such transfers worsened the economic situation of the native population and endangered their separate existence.
Data source: @Israel_MOD Deputy Minister at Knesset Question Time yesterday, inquiry not yet posted online.
Permit approval rates for Palestinians, on average for the last five years is, 1.5-2.5%. Israel has imposed an unlawful and discriminatory planning regime that effectively denies all Palestinians of their housing, land, and property rights, including security of tenure.
Antiquated spatial plans - dating back to the British Mandate - which the Israeli Military Government won't review or revise are used to deny Palestinians, while exceptionally allowing for the establishment and constant expansion of settlements, in breach of international law.
"The following is a list of building permits issued to the Palestinian sector in Area C: In 2017 - six permits; In 2018 - five permits; In 2019 - two permits; In 2020 - ten permits, and in 2021 - ten permits [...]
[...] I would like to point out that in the areas of the master plan in the Israeli localities in Judea and Samaria, building permits are issued by local planning committees in local regional councils and municipalities, and not by the Civil Administration."
#Palestinains have been excluded by the #Israeli Military Government from representation or participation in spatial planning institutions and processes - capable of issuing building permits - by annulling planning committees, in violation of international law #IHL.
On the other hand, settlers unlawfully transferred to occupied #Palestinian territory by the Government of #Israel have been given autonomous planning powers to see their settlements expand, through 20 local and regional planning committees.
@NRC_Norway commissioned Dr. Théo Boutruche and Professor Marco Sassòli to assess the legal obligation of the Occupying Power, imposed by the IHL norms, not to make changes to local legislation other than those that benefit the local population nrc.no/globalassets/p…
In disregard of the peremptory norms of international law, #Israel aims at acquiring #Palestinian territory by force, undermining the possibility of a politically independent and territorially contagious Palestine.
Successive Israeli governments - including the current - have implanted the spatial plan laid down in 1978 by the little-known Israeli politician Matityahu Drobless (Likud), aimed at annexing wide expanses of the West Bank.
In 1981, @UNISPAL Chair noted that 'perusal of this document leaves one in no doubt of Israel's intention to annex the Arab territories it has illegally occupied [...]
[...] The report speaks also of lands being seized right away for the purpose of establishing settlements and cutting off the Arab population in order to make it difficult for it to form a territorial and political continuity.'

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More from @EpshtainItay

Feb 16
#SheikhJarrah - again the hotspot for disturbances and tensions caused by the heightened risk of forcible transfer and supplanting of its #Palestinian inhabitants with #Israeli settlers- has been at the epicenter of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict since its inception.
#SheikhJarrah is also the place where international humanitarian law #IHL saw a major development in relation to the protection of medical personnel and transports and the role played by the @ICRC and national Red Cross and Crescent Societies @ifrc:
On April 9, 1948, when militants from the Zionist paramilitary groups Irgun and Lehi killed an estimated number of 250 Palestinians, including women and children, in #DeirYassin, a village of roughly 600 people near #Jerusalem.
Read 8 tweets
Feb 15
Demolitions carried out by #Israeli authorities in the West Bank reached a 5-year high. 904 structures were demolished. This represents a 6% increase in the number of structures demolished and a 20% increase in the number of people displaced respectively, compared with 2020. Image
The table demonstrates that the number of demolitions recorded in the West Bank in 2021 is the highest since 2016. 900 of the structures were demolished due to a lack Israeli of building permits, which is impossible for Palestinians to obtain. Image
A bird’s-eye view on 2021 reveals that demolitions resulted in the displacement of 1,205 individuals, otherwise affecting a further 12,693 individuals. Particularly the period from July to December, under the @naftalibennett - @yairlapid government. Image
Read 8 tweets
Feb 15
Heartfelt congratulations to @RajiSourani, @SJabaren, and Prof. John Dugard for their appointment as Permanent Court of Arbitration @PCA_CPA Members of the Court and potential arbitrators, put forward by @PalMissionNL.
The PCA has a captivating history of interstate arbitrations, including sovereignty and maritime delimitation in the Red Sea, and current #RussiaUkraineCrisis disputes on coastal States' rights and detention of Ukrainian naval vessels.
In 2008, the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement deposited an Arbitration Agreement with the PCA. The arbitration was conducted under the PCA Optional Rules for Arbitrating Disputes between Two Parties of Which Only One is a State.
Read 5 tweets
Feb 15
This morning @haaretzcom had this map of #Israel printed, which accurately reflects its borders, not including the occupied #Palestinian territory (West Bank - while including Jerusalem, which it shouldn't have - and Gaza) and the occupied #Syrian Golan. Image
The outraged reactions to this simple depiction of legal realities demonstrates the extent to which annexation of occupied territory is the norm for mainstream Israeli audiences, not to be questioned or challenged.
It is the same people who reject claims of #IsraeliApartheid, that are happy to admit #Israeli acquisition of territory by use of force, in serious breach of peremptory norms of international law #juscogens under Article 2 @UN Charter. Image
Read 4 tweets
Feb 1
Without prejudice to the existence or subsequent emergence of other peremptory norms of general international law (jus cogens), a non-exhaustive list of
norms that the International Law Commission has previously referred to as having
that status is:
The prohibition of aggression;

The basic rules of international humanitarian law;
The prohibition of racial discrimination and #apartheid; The right of self-determination.
Peremptory norms of general international law (jus cogens) reflect and
protect fundamental values of the international community, are hierarchically
superior to other rules of international law and are universally applicable.
Read 10 tweets
Jan 28
In November 1974, the question of #Palestine was reintroduced to the agenda of the UN General Assembly, after decades of being subsumed by the Arab-Israeli conflict. Let's see how it was considered then, and how it would apply 48 years later. Image
1. Deeply concerned that no just solution to the problem of Palestine has yet been achieved - true then, unfortunately, true now.
2. Reaffirms that the Palestinian people in Palestine are entitled to (a) self-determination without external interference; (b) national independence and sovereignty. Remains true, yet unrealized in full, despite nominal self-rule.
Read 7 tweets

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