During the early 1900s, many Ceylonese left for Malaya in order to find work. In WW2, they came at odds with the Japanese who started their conquest of East Asia...
In 1941, one girl documented that experience in a diary, check it out below...
December 1, 1941
The English Paper of the Senior Cambridge Exam wasn’t as bad as we expected. In spite of the fuss Aunty made, Indrani and I had lunch by ourselves at the Jubilee Restaurant. Enjoyed it too, though we couldn’t relax, as there was a paper in the afternoon.
December 8, 1941
Did badly today, but so would every one else-I hope. Uncle woke us up at 6 a.m. with the astounding new that Singapore and Kota Bharu were bombed. The American fleet was caught napping at Pearl Harbour. Even the Exam supervisors were full of it and chattered!
December 15, 1941
Things moving fast, Japs moving faster, and naturally Watsons moving fastest. I can’t stand those girls, but if they are evacuating, I s’pose we’ll have to be accommodating. But will they stay with us till the war is over? – horrors.
December 18, 1941
Heard bombs for the first time, and sighted Jap aircraft. Tapah road bombed. In the afternoon, Barton returned from the hospital with tales of the casualties – some with hands and legs, some with stomachs ripped open, or damaged skulls. Horrible.
December 21, 1941
Our troubles solved for us. Dad decided to take us all to Mr. George’s at the Estate, and here we are. No lights or anything. But Mr. and Mrs. George are really very hospitable. Yet God knows what our fate will be.
December 24, 1941 (Christmas Eve)
We heard bombs fall on Tapah – we got out just in time! No news. The ground of Mr. George’s is really a Young Peoples Club all day, what with gramophone, and cards and books.
December 26, 1941
Couldn’t sleep with the British shells whistling over the estate. And early in the morning the Jap planes came over, and everybody ran helter skelter for shelter.
January 2, 1942
Four Japs of the Suicide Corps arrived at the estate: grim shifty, ugly, smelly fellows. They wanted food and took stock of our vehicles. One of them came up on the verandah and bowed. Our volunteers had revolvers tucked into their sarongs in case of trouble.
January 7, 1942
Dad, as a Government Servant asked to return, so we prepared to go back – but had to go on foot and transport our goods by cart! We were now under Jap regime. The war had come, and gone, but we had lived in peace.
The Diary extracts were found and published by Evelyn Gnanam in an article called "War and Peace" for the 1949 Jaffna Hindu College Magazine...
Ask your family members, it's possible you have people who went to Malaya and experienced this history first hand.
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#OnThisDay (3 Aug 1990), 147 worshippers were massacred by the LTTE at two different mosques in Kattankandy, Batticoloa. Disguised as Muslim worshippers themselves, 30 perpetrators attacked the over 300 people, spraying gunfire.
"I was kneeling down and praying when the rebels started shooting. The firing went on for 15 minutes. I escaped without being hit and found myself among bodies all over the place."
- Mohammed Ibrahim, a 40-year-old businessman
"Before I escaped from a side door and scaled a wall, I saw a Tiger rebel put a gun into the mouth of a small Muslim boy and pull the trigger."
- Mohammed Arif, a 17-year-old student who also survived the massacre
#OnThisDay (2-3 Aug 1989), the Valvettiturai massacre occurred where 64 Tamil civilians were killed by the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The massacre was in retaliation of an LTTE attack on the IPKF that killed 6 soldiers.
"At the junction there were hundreds of IPKF soldiers. I saw there many cars smashed up. Most of the shops at the junction had been burnt down. I saw many dead bodies in front of the shops."
- Nadarajah Anantharaj
The IPKF did not accept responsibility for the massacre, rather blaming the deaths as results from the "crossfire" and not direct involvement from the IPKF.
Interesting...from what I'm seeing, after the Kandyan Convention in 1815, the Sinhala numeral system fell out of fashion and where replaced with the Arabic numerals we know today. #history#srilanka#lka
Looking at some of Sri Lanka's oldest civil registration records done under British rule, it looks like only Arabic numerals are used (1822 Colombo Marriage Records).
Additionally, there was also a Tamil Numeral System (shown below) that was also used many centuries ago. It probably originated from India and you can probably find some modern examples of it being used.
"Mobs of Sinhala youth rampaged through the streets, ransacking homes, shops and offices, looting them and setting them ablaze, as they sought out members of the Tamil ethnic minority." - London Daily Telegraph
"In Pettah, the old commercial heart of the city, row after row of sari boutiques, electronic dealers, rice sellers, car parts stores, lie shattered and scarred..." - London Guardian
When we look at the history behind Black July, its not only Sri Lankan Tamils that were affected. Indian Tamils also suffered during this tragic time. Here are some of the stories from then...
39 years ago, an Anti-Tamil Pogrom descended across Sri Lanka eventually escalating into mass violence killing thousands. This week, we'll be hearing the stories of the victims, trying to stop it from happening again.
“While travelling on a bus when a mob laid siege to it, passengers watched as a small boy was hacked ‘to limb-less death.’ The bus driver was ordered to give up a Tamil. He pointed out a woman who was desperately trying to erase the mark on her forehead..."
-William McGowan (1/2)
"The woman’s belly was ripped open with a broken bottle and she was immolated as people clapped and danced. In another incident, two sisters, one eighteen and one eleven, were decapitated and raped, the latter ‘until there was nothing left to violate..'
-William McGowan (2/2)