A few patient consultations may not require prescribing medicines
1. When patients consult a doctor, in most cases, they expect a pill to be prescribed.
Vice versa, a doctor may feel compelled to prescribe a drug to ensure patient's satisfaction. #doctor#patient#MedTwitter
2. There are some situations, where a medicine need not be prescribed. As a doctor, it is our duty to explain this aspect to the patient, so that un-necessary medicine prescription may be avoided. It can save costs as well as prevent any drug-related "adverse effects".
3. Case 1: 25-year old presented with pins & needles sensation in scalp for 3 days. It was mild & didn't interfere with daily activities. Patient was anxious that it could be something serious. Clinical exam was normal. I reassured the patient and asked to review, if needed.
4. Case 2: 32-year old presented with muscle aches & tiredness for 4 days. She had viral fever last week, and was afebrile now. Blood investigations recently done were normal. Clinical neuro exam was normal. I suggested simple measures for symptom relief & to review, if needed.
5. Case 3: 25-year old had 2 episodes of fits at age 3 and 5, associated with fever. She had no seizures after age 5. She was planning to get married and came for neuro check up. I diagnosed febrile seizures in childhood. No tests ordered & no medicine prescribed. Reassured her.
6. Case 4: 12-year old was brought with an episode of fainting after standing in school assembly on a hot morning. Neuro exam was normal. Clinical diagnosis was syncope. Explained in detail to parents, counselled them. No tests were ordered and no medicines prescribed.
7. Case 5: 33-year old presented with neck pain for 10 days. His job required sitting for 10 hours daily. MRI cervical spine done elsewhere showed mild disc bulges. Suggested physiotherapy, lifestyle changes & proper posture. Asked him to stop medicines prescribed by another doc.
8. Patients and family members were convinced that medicines were not needed in first 4 cases. However, in case 5, patient was not convinced and complained to hospital management that no medicine was prescribed, even though he travelled 250 km to see the doctor (me).
9. Take home message
*If there is no need, medicines need not be prescribed. Patients should be adequately counselled about the same.
*Vitamins, pain-killers and paracetamol are routinely over-prescribed: this practice may not be ideal and can even harm the patient in some cases.
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When something meant to aid a runner became a pain in his "thigh"
1. 45-year old Dev presented with sharp, shooting pain & tingling in right thigh for three months. Pain occurred in episodes, lasting a few minutes to a few hours; repeating several times in a day. #MedTwitter
2. Dev also had mild numbness in the rigft thigh region, however, he had no back pain and the pain did not radiate below the knee. He had no leg weakness and had normal urinary control.
His daily life was adversely affected due to thigh pain.
3. Dev consulted a local doctor, who conducted several tests, including MRI lumbar spine and nerve conduction studies, which were normal. He was prescribed pain-relief medicines, however, Dev was not keen to take medicines without knowing the root cause of his symptoms.
Lower resting heart rate (HR) and its health-related benefits
1. My resting HR has reduced from 72 bpm (in 2020) to 42 bpm (in 2023); mainly due to consistent running (average mileage of 15 km/day in 2021; 12.6 km/day in 2022) and weight loss (28 Kg) #running#fitness#longevity
2. People with higher resting HR have a higher risk of death due to cardiovascular disease and cancers (breast, lung, kidney or colorectal cancers) dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartj…
3a. In another study, people with RHR >75 bpm had 2-fold higher risk of all-cause death, or deaths due to stroke or heart attack (over 10-yr follow up), as compared to those with RHR <55 bpm.
Risk of all cause death increased by 3% for every bpm rise in RHR in the study period.
2. Regular use of laxative was associated with 51% higher risk of all-cause dementia and 65% higher risk of vascular dementia. There was no significant association with risk of #Alzheimers disease.
3. The risk of dementia increased by 28% in people using one type of laxative, as compared to 90% in people using two or more types of laxatives.
Only osmotic type of laxative use was associated with higher risk of dementia.
Gender equality is good, however, in this situation, it is better that women lag men
1. 45-year old Vani was admitted with complaints of epileptic fits followed by disorientation and confusion. A small brain infarct (clot) was seen, which was presumed to be the cause of seizure.
2. She had no obvious risk factors for stroke, and moreover, the clot was located in cerebellar vermis, which usually does not cause convulsions. So, we needed to look for other causes for her epileptic fits. Vani had become conscious the next day, and history was reviewed.
3. Vani admitted to consuming alcohol on daily basis for more than a year, and had abruptly stopped consuming alcohol one day prior (as she was fasting for a religious festival).
Now, the cause of seizure was obvious- alcohol withdrawal syndrome (ADS).
Vegetable, but Not Potato, Intake Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes 1. 54,793 people were followed up for 16.3 years. Participants in the highest total vegetable intake quintile (median 319 g/day) had a 0.35 kg/m2 lower BMI and a 21% lower risk of incident T2D.
2. Participants in the highest compared with the lowest (median 256 versus 52 g/day) potato intake quintile had a 9% higher risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D).
3. Of the vegetable subclasses, higher intake of green leafy and cruciferous vegetables was associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of Type 2 Diabetes.
Young woman with unexpected cause of repeated bouts of vomiting 1. 1999: It was another busy day, when I had seen 60 outpatients, worked up & written case notes for 8 ward admissions and had finished seeing 14 consultations (from other depts). It was 2 AM and I needed some sleep.
2. Residency at CMC Vellore in 90s was tough, which denied even 4 hours of sleep on many nights. Got a call from Gastro ward regarding a 25-yr old woman who had repeated episodes of vomiting for one week. Detailed evaluation by gastro dept could not identify the cause of vomiting
3. Neurology opinion was sought to rule out neuro-related causes of vomiting (such as cyclical vomiting syndrome, brain-stem lesions, migraine, etc).
I took a detailed history. She had no symptoms other than vomiting. On examination, she was dehydrated and looked weak.