#COVID19Vaccine #India

The vaccination drive for COVID19 will soon begin in India.

Things to know:

➡️Why get vaccinated?
➡️Misconceptions
➡️Vaccines In India
➡️Vaccine Priority
➡️Process of Vaccination
➡️Co-WIN website/app
➡️Side-effects/AEFI
➡️Communication

1/n
➡️Why Get Vaccinated?

>Prevention of COVID19 infection.
>Prevention of the long term health risks of COVID19 infection.
>92 million cases and 1.9 million deaths due to COVID by now.
>Vaccine + Masks and Distancing are essential to curb the pandemic.

cdc.gov/coronavirus/20…

2/n
➡️Misconceptions

>Vaccines will NOT cause infection.

>You cannot compare the 98-99% recovery rate with 95% vaccine efficacy. If you still want to - understand this: Vaccine reduces chances of mortality from 1% to 0.05%.

>Vaccines will NOT cause any mutations in your body.

3/n
>Vaccine Hesitancy needs to be addressed.

>It can stem from lack of correct information/understanding, mistrust, apprehension of side effects, propaganda by anti-vaxxers, etc.

Here's what the @MoHFW_INDIA has to say:

4/n
➡️Vaccines in India

This is a list of all the vaccines undergoing development or trials in India as of 28th December 2020.

As of today, 2 of these vaccines have been approved.*

5/n
➡️Vaccines in India

>APPROVED

1. COVISHIELD by Serum Institute of India/AstraZeneca

2. COVAXIN* by Bharat Biotech/ICMR

*approval in "Clinical Trial Mode" based on Phase 1/2 data. Phase 3 trials ongoing.

6/n
>SII has uploaded the detailed Package Insert and Fact Sheet on their website that contains all the information you need to know about COVISHIELD.

You can access those here:

Package Insert
seruminstitute.com/pdf/covishield…

Fact Sheet
seruminstitute.com/pdf/covishield…

7/n
➡️Vaccine Priority

>The MoHFW has laid out a priority list for the 1st phase of vaccinations that includes:

1. Healthcare workers
2. Frontline workers
3. Elderly population >50 yrs of age and those <50 yrs of age with comorbidities.

mohfw.gov.in/pdf/COVID19Vac…
8/n
Guidance and instructions for the next phase will be announced in due course by the National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (NEGVAC).

Meanwhile, here's an information sheet from the MoHFW for those <50 yrs of age.

mohfw.gov.in/pdf/Covid19Com…

9/n
➡️Process of Vaccination

Steps:

1. Registration* of the beneficiary on the Co-WIN app.
2. Verification of photo ID proof at the vaccination site with that uploaded on the app.
3. Vaccination.
4. 30 mins observation

*Registration is mandatory for getting vaccinated.

10/n
➡️Co-WIN website/app

>Co-WIN is an extension of the existing electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network (e-VIN) - made specifically for COVID vaccination.

>It has 2 modules - Website and App.

>The app is under development and will soon be available for download.

11/n
FEATURES:

While Co-WIN has extensive functionalities for the authorities, it has few important uses for the beneficiaries:

> Info about vaccination
> Self-registration for vaccination
> Track status of vaccination
> Report AEFI

12/n
➡️Side effects/AEFI

Probably the single largest concern responsible for Vaccine Hesitancy is the fear/apprehension of Side Effects or Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI).

13/n
➡️What should you expect?

>Mild side effects are common and expected to occur and they are self-resolving. You need not worry about those.

>Adverse events like allergic reactions/anaphylaxis are much rare. They DO NOT occur in all recipients.

14/n
➡️AEFI Reporting

> You will be observed for 30 mins after vaccination to look for and manage any immediate severe reactions like anaphylaxis.

>In the following days, you must report any other symptoms/discomfort to the authorities and get investigated.

15/n
➡️AEFI Investigation

>AEFI are investigated and then assessed as per the WHO guidelines to determine the cause.

>It is important to understand whether it is vaccine-related or not.

>Many times, AEFI can occur due to other reasons as well, as shown in the image.

16/n
➡️Communication

>Essential to spread correct and reliable information about vaccines.

>Also to counter misinformation spread by fake experts or anti-vaxxers.

Here is an excellent handbook developed by Prof @STWorg and Prof @adamhfinn.

hackmd.io/@scibehC19vax/…

17/n
➡️To Conclude:

>Vaccination will shortly begin in India.
>Registration on Co-WIN is mandatory.
>Vaccines are safe - with common, mild side effects.
>Adverse events, if any - must be reported.
>Guard against misinformation and educate others with correct, reliable info.

18/18
@jkd18 @BesuraTaansane @BhumikaShah7

Thread with info about COVID vaccine rollout in India.
@coolfunnytshirt @GabbbarSingh @desimojito @BefittingFacts @theskindoctor13 @seriousfunnyguy @Ra_Bies

A thread on the vaccine rollout in India and important info for the layman. Do read and share.
@aparanjape A thread on the COVID vaccine rollout process in India.

Please read and share.

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More from @HaryaxPathak

10 Jan
I did not want to get into the #Bhopal #COVAXIN controversy. I was holding back.

But after seeing the response from some "health reporters", I had to come out and say it:

DON'T TURN YOUR JOURNALISM INTO ACTIVISM.
There's a fine line between demanding accountability from the Govt / Bharat Biotech and eroding the trust of the people in the vaccine.

To all those journos: You are crossing that line.
Yes. Go ahead and ask questions about why the approval was given. Ask why IC was not taken in Bhopal. Ask why the poor 45 yr old man died.

But do it with sensitivity.
Read 11 tweets
29 Dec 20
#LongCOVID is real and bad.

Here is one of the most extensive and comprehensive long term follow-up of COVID patients (3762 respondents) with long lasting symptoms/complaints.

medrxiv.org/content/10.110… via @ahandvanish @GinaAssaf et al. 🙌🏻🙌🏻

A thread on LONG COVID.

1/n
Points covered:

➡️ What is Long COVID?
➡️ Who can get Long COVID?
➡️ Why does Long COVID occur?
➡️ Symptoms of Long COVID
➡️ Some literature on Long COVID
➡️ Concerns about Long COVID
➡️ Instructions for the Common Man

2/n
➡️ What is Long COVID?

> A large number of COVID19 patients suffer from long lasting effects of the infection

> Characterized by a constellation of symptoms involving multiple systems in the body for >28 days

> Leading to increased morbidity even after "apparent recovery"

3/n
Read 29 tweets
28 Dec 20
What is this obsession with my bio?

And more importantly, what does it have to do with the cost of medical education across India?

Please enlighten me.

And stop engaging in personal attacks. I have ever brought up anybody's caste/religion in my conversations. Why did you?
*never
Read 7 tweets
6 Dec 20
#COVID19vaccines - #IndiaFightsCorona

➡️News/Updates - India
➡️Different Vaccines, Different Mechanisms
➡️Time-frame and Roll-out
➡️What To Expect?
➡️Got Vaccinated. What now?
➡️Adverse Reactions???
➡️Countering Misinformation

A thread.

1/n
➡️News/Updates - #India

> @pfizer has applied for Emergency Approval in India.
> @BharatBiotech COVAXIN - Phase 3 trials.
> @ZydusUniverse ZyCoV-D - Expected to start Phase 3 trials in Dec/Jan

2/n
➡️Different Vaccines, Different Mechanisms

Here's a look at how the major vaccines work -

> Pfizer and Moderna - mRNA
> Oxford/AstraZeneca - Chimpanzee Adenoviral vector
> Bharat Biotech - Inactivated Vaccine
> Zydus Cadila - Plasmid DNA

nature.com/articles/d4158…

3/n
Read 33 tweets
29 Nov 20
So, here's an opinion piece from @WSJopinion.

"A Global Covid Vaccine Heist"

A thread.

wsj.com/articles/a-glo…

1/n
Some background: Many LMIC member nations, including India, South Africa, are bidding the @wto to waive certain Patent Protections on the @pfizer and @moderna_tx vaccines so that they can manufacture the generic versions of the vaccines on their own for wider distribution.

2/n
This is what @WSJ @WSJopinion has to say about it:

"It’s not clear developing countries even have the ability to manufacture large-scale, complex technologies like Moderna’s mRNA vaccine or Eli Lilly’s monoclonal antibody cocktail—let alone distribute them."

3/n
Read 28 tweets
25 Nov 20
Hey #MedTwitter

As promised, taking this thread further, I'll highlight a few more aspects about #COVID19.

A) TRANSMISSION and SPECIFIC PRECAUTIONS
B) WHAT IS SUPER-SPREADING?
C) WHAT IS R0?

1/n
A) TRANSMISSION and SPECIFIC PRECAUTIONS

So, what are the various mechanisms of COVID-19 transmission?

As defined by the @CDCgov, these are the 3 mechanisms of COVID-19 spread:

➡️Fomites (least important)
➡️Droplet Spread
➡️Aerosol

cdc.gov/coronavirus/20…

2/n
➡️Fomites

Fomites are objects or materials which are likely to carry infection, such as clothes, utensils, and furniture.

They were thought to transmit COVID19 as well, but @CDCgov has said that COVID transmission through fomites is minimal.

3/n
Read 28 tweets

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