A comprehensive school management programme implemented in Madhya Pradesh government schools did not improve their functioning or students’ learning, says a working paper on the impacts of the programme. More in this thread:
The study, co-authored by @karthik_econ of @UCSanDiego & @singhabhi from @handels_sse, analysed the impact of a school management prog developed by the MP govt in collaboration with education services provider Ark across 1,774 randomly selected elementary schools
Although this flagship education reform showed no change in student learning or teacher absenteeism, it has been expanded to 600,000 schools nationally and is expected to cover 1.6 million schools eventually, the study says
In India, poor school management and governance along with frequent teacher absences could contribute to low learning outcomes & this programme tried addressing these issues, the study says
Learning outcomes are poor across India. In rural Bhopal, the district with MP’s capital, 54.9% of Grade I school students could not even read letters, found the 2020 Annual Survey of Education report: indiaspend.com/education/why-…
The MP programme included comprehensive assessments, detailed school ratings & customised school improvement plans--considered global “best practices”, the authors say. But it did not make schools or teachers accountable nor did it include incentives for better performance
The programme was designed to only facilitate schools to conduct school assessments and create school improvement plans. These plans and assessments did not change anything on the ground, the authors say
The authors also find no evidence of improved pedagogy, use of textbooks, workbooks or an increased likelihood of teachers checking students homework
The programme did not improve teacher or student attendance as schools that implemented the programme did no better than schools that did not
#AirPollution, measured by annual PM2.5--particles finer than a human hair--reduced in bigger cities such as Delhi & Varanasi but increased in smaller cities such as Fatehabad & Moradabad, finds a @CSEINDIA analysis of 26 cities. Follow the thread for insights:
In many cities in the upper Indo-Gangetic plains, avg PM2.5 levels were above 2019 levels. #AirPollution in Fatehabad, in northern Haryana, deteriorated the most, with PM2.5 levels increasing 35% from 2019
The %age of PM2.5 in the coarser PM10--which determines air toxicity--was in the high 40s in Oct & remained so in Nov, averaging 55% in Amritsar, 48% in Chandigarh & 53% in Patna. It reached 64% in Amritsar, 69% in Chandigarh & 62% in Patna during #Diwali2020
International #migration from India rose 3X between 1990 (6.6 million) and 2019 (17.5 million).
Most Indian migrants (3.4 million) went to the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Follow this thread for more findings from the December 2020 Asia-Pacific Migration Report by @UNESCAP:
India and China were the world’s largest remittance recipients, receiving over $83 billion and $68 billion in 2019, respectively, the report says
Because of COVID-19, remittances to India are likely to fall by 9% in 2020. By October 2020, India had received $75.9 bn (Rs 5.5 lakh cr) in remittances, per @WorldBank 2020 data worldbank.org/en/topic/migra…
Today, Deepak Maravi, 45, of Bhopal was reported to have died during a @BharatBiotech & @ICMRDELHI#COVIDvaccine trial. It is unclear if Maravi received a vaccine or a placebo, & what exactly caused his death, but a media storm has ensued. Follow @AnooBhu’s thread from Bhopal:
All #vaccine trials are required to record, investigate and report on ‘adverse events’, or serious medical reactions. When these occur, a committee evaluates if the reaction was related to the vaccine. There is no information yet from @bharatbiotech on Maravi’s death
Globally 2020 was as warm as 2016, the warmest year till date, making 2020 the 6th in a series of exceptionally warm years starting in 2015. Follow the thread for insights from the #CopernicusClimate Change Service (#C3S) @CopernicusECMWF#ClimateChange
2020 was 0.6°C warmer than the standard 1981-2010 reference period & ~1.25°C above the 1850-1900 pre-industrial period, a press release from @CopernicusECMWF notes. 2011-2020 is the warmest decade recorded #ClimateChange
Europe saw its warmest year on record at 1.6°C above the 1981-2010 reference period & 0.4°C above 2019, the previous warmest year
78% of the elderly who have retired said they were neither receiving nor expected to receive a pension, found an @IIPSMumbai survey of >72,000 adults aged 45 and above btwn April 2017 & Dec 2018. More than half (51%) the men & 22% women were still working. Thread:
A higher proportion of women (89%) & those living in rural areas (86%) said they were not receiving pensions compared to their male (74%) & urban counterparts (57%). Only 8.6% of those over 60 years said they were covered by some work-related pension and 6% by the provident fund
About 54% of the elderly with more than 10 years of schooling said they received pension, compared to 4% of those with no schooling. A third (33%) of the people from the richest quintile said they received pension compared to 9% of the poorest
India tops the list of 21 countries that blocked civilians' access to the internet in 2020, affecting 10 mn users and costing $2.8 bn, as per the 2020 Global Cost of Internet Shutdowns report by Top10 VPN @top10vpn, a UK-based company. Follow this thread to know more:
Globally, the cost of internet disruptions halved from $8 bn in 2019 to $4 bn in 2020. In India, they more than doubled from 4,196 hrs in 2019 to 8,927 hrs in 2020. The cost of these disruptions for India also doubled from $1.3 bn to $2.8 bn
India had 75 major internet shutdowns in #2020. But many short blackouts were highly targeted, affecting groups of villages or individual districts. They have not been included in calculating the cost of disruptions, which is hence likely to have been higher than the ℮$2.8bn