1/12"US Tech Companies like Twitter probably breathed a sigh of relief when Biden announced that he was not going to directly sanction Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman for ordering the murder of Jamal #Khashoggi." #JamalKhashoggi
2/12"...Not because Twitter bares any ill will towards murdered journalist Jamal Khashoggi, but because the Saudi Market and the cult of personality around the Crown Prince, in particular, offer a lucrative revenue stream for the US company"
3/12"Indeed, the amount of Saudi money in Silicon Valley has raised concerns that it will become a 'reputation-laundering machine for one of the least admirable regimes on earth'. And not without good reason, especially considering that MBS chairs the Public Investment Fund"
4/12"it became clear before the release of the intelligence report prepared by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) implicating MBS in the killing of Jamal Khashoggi, that pro-MBS forces were still capable of manipulating Twitter to dilute criticism of MBS."
5/12 "Perhaps more alarmingly though, is the use of a legitimate Twitter functions to incentivize the promotion of pro-MBS propaganda." #JamalKhashoggi
6/12 "Through an advertising function, Twitter allows paying customers...to send tweets containing a picture and a 'tweet' button. When someone presses the 'tweet' button, they are instantly able to repost the content posted by the original advertiser"
7/12 "Although this is designed for businesses generating hype around a particular product, it has been utilized as a propaganda tool."
8/12 "On the day of the release of the report, thousands of accounts used this function to tweet the identical message, '"I am Saudi and proud of this great country and trust and have faith in the wise leadership'."
9/12 "While one might think such behaviors run afoul of Twitter's political advertising policy which 'globally prohibits the promotion of political content, they'd be wrong..." #JamalKhashoggi
10/12 "Bizarrely, Twitter has a caveat that states 'cultural customs and local protocols to show allegiance or provide salutations do not fall under this policy.' Even though the stated purpose of the policy is that political messaging reach should be 'earned not bought'."
11/12 "In other words, it's against Twitter's policy to pay money to promote candidates in a democratic society, but promoting dictators in an authoritarian country where no political parties exist is a legitimate revenue stream." #JamalKhashoggi
12/12 "It may seem obvious, but Twitter should not directly profit off attempts to whitewash the brutal killing of journalists on the pretext of respecting 'local protocols and cultural customs" dawnmena.org/profit-for-pro…#jamalkhashoggi
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2/10 It's definitely the same photo, same hair same shirt, same everything - although the one on the right has been photoshopped with a smile and juicier beard...
3/10 However, the guy on the left is Dave Sharma, a very nice (I imagine) music teacher at Prelude Music Foundation, a setup designed to transform the lives of under-served children around Houston.
A few important notes on this great article. 1) I would caution there is a prevailing narrative about Saudi accounts, risks creating a straw man. 2) it is useful to make a distinction between bots and trolls as trolling is behavioural not computational; Trolls
could be hypernationalist real or paid real people attacking those who disagree 3) Saying someone is a real human risks conflating that with a troll whose *unknown* function might be to artificially generate support 5) As bots and trolls evolve it becomes more difficult to do
anomaly detection at scale and be sure of how many accounts have been missed in analysis 6) Twitter's own suspensions aren't a reliable or comprehensive barometer of what is and isn't definitely a bot - or troll 7) co-ordinated inauthentic behaviour includes trolls (real humans)
[Another thread on Saudi bots] 1/ On the day of the release of the CIA report onto #JamalKhashoggi 's killing. A number of hashtags seemingly designed to dilute criticism of MBS were trended, including the mispelled 'khasxoggi' and 3aaashogggi (عاشخجي), These trends were created
2/ by inauthentic networks amounting to thousands of accounts. The below graph shows approx 1,152 unique accounts all tweeting on the "عااااشقجي" hashtag (3aaashoggi). The fact they are individual and not forming complex networks indicates they are isolated accounts tweeting
3/ Of the 1152 accounts, 1147 (99%) used 'Twitter Web App', showing almost no source (application) diversity. Twitter Web App is often used for platform manipulation. Again, how something can trend with so many inorganic flags is beyond me. Most of the content is irrelevant
[Thread on Saudi bots] 1/ On 25th February, a day before the release of the CIA report on MBS's ordering of #JamalKhashoggi 's murder, the trend 'the people of the kingdom (Saudi) support the crown prince'. No doubt the purpose was to rally support around MBS before bad publicity
2/ Such trends lionizing the Crown Prince are very common. This one demonstrated some interesting inauthentic activity. The following analysis show how the tweet screenshotted below (which says MBS will overcome his enemies), was retweeted by hundreds of fake accounts
3/ How do we know? A network analysis of the hashtag reveals an unusual cluster of accounts in the bottom left. Here's the edges (relationships between accounts) have been coloured according to device used to send the tweet. The orange shows that activity around this account
In the wake of the CIA release of Khasoggi report dozens of identical tweets per second saying "I am Saudi and proud of this great country and trust and have faith in the wise leadership". So much for Twitter's spam and platform manipulation policy...
The influencers are on board, all repeating the same generic message. Enjoying this healthy debate
For more context on how this is being done - exploiting a marketing function from twitter
Ten years ago I started my PhD about #Bahrain. I started it at the beginning of Bahrain's Uprising, and it profoundly changed my life. Seeing your home, and the place you grew up in, gripped by a moment of sheer political optimism, followed by crushing police brutality, is an
experience that changes you as a person. I was fortunate to meet so many wonderful people; academics, activists, artists, writers and politicians either from or passionate about Bahrain. I have not been allowed back since 2012 and of course miss it. My thoughts as always
today are never about Valentines, but the first day where people marched to the Pearl roundabout (that was then destroyed by the regime) in 2011 . Bahrain will always be in my heart, especially those who sacrificed their life and freedom to try and improve their lot. The struggle